Diplomats, SHO-TRI
Meet the diplomats whose negotiation, tact, and statecraft helped manage conflict, forge alliances, and shape relations between nations.
Diplomats Encyclopedia Articles By Title
Shotwell, James Thomson
James Thomson Shotwell was a Canadian-born American historian and diplomat who was a notable scholar of international......
Shriver, R. Sargent
R. Sargent Shriver was an administrator, diplomat, first director (1961â66) of the U.S. Peace Corps, and Democratic......
Shuvalov, Pyotr Andreyevich, Count
Pyotr Andreyevich, Count Shuvalov was a diplomat and political-police director who became one of Alexander IIâs......
ShÄpĆ«r I
ShÄpĆ«r I, Persian king of the SÄsÄnian dynasty who consolidated and expanded the empire founded by his father,......
ShÄpĆ«r II
ShÄpĆ«r II was the 10th king of the SÄsÄnian Empire of Persia, who withstood Roman strength by astute military strategy......
Sickles, Daniel Edgar
Daniel Edgar Sickles was an American politician, soldier, and diplomat remembered for acquiring the land for Central......
Sigismund I
Sigismund I was a king who established Polish suzerainty over Ducal Prussia (East Prussia) and incorporated the......
Sigismund II Augustus
Sigismund II Augustus was the last Jagiellon king of Poland, who united Livonia and the duchy of Lithuania with......
Sigismund III Vasa
Sigismund III Vasa was the king of Poland (1587â1632) and of Sweden (1592â99) who sought to effect a permanent......
Simeon I
Simeon I was the tsar of the first Bulgarian empire (925â927), a warlike sovereign who nevertheless made his court......
Simon of Saint-Quentin
Simon of Saint-Quentin was a French Dominican friar, who accompanied a diplomatic and proselytizing mission sent......
Simon, John Allse Brook Simon, 1st Viscount
John Allse Brook Simon, 1st Viscount Simon was a British home secretary (1915â16, 1935â37), foreign secretary (1931â35),......
Sirleaf, Ellen Johnson
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf is a Liberian politician and economist who was president of Liberia (2006â18). She was the......
Skrzynecki, Jan Zygmunt
Jan Zygmunt Skrzynecki was a Polish general who organized the Polish army in the revolution of 1830. After completing......
SkrzyĆski, Aleksander
Aleksander SkrzyĆski was a Polish statesman, foreign minister of Poland in different governments from 1922 to 1925,......
SkĂĄrmeta, Antonio
Antonio SkĂĄrmeta was a Chilean novelist, screenwriter, and diplomat, best known for his novel Ardiente paciencia......
Slidell, John
John Slidell was a U.S. and Confederate diplomat whose seizure with James M. Mason precipitated the Trent Affair......
SlĂĄnskĂœ, Rudolf
Rudolf SlĂĄnskĂœ was a Czech Communist leader who was the central victim in the November 1952 âSlĂĄnskĂœ trial.â Of......
Smith, Samantha
Samantha Smith was an American peace activist and child actress, celebrated for giving children around the world......
Smith, Walter Bedell
Walter Bedell Smith was a U.S. Army general, diplomat, and administrator who served as chief of staff for U.S.......
Snowden, Edward
Edward Snowden is an American intelligence contractor and whistleblower who in 2013 revealed the existence of secret......
Socé, Ousmane
Ousmane Socé was a Senegalese writer and politician who was one of the first novelists of his country. After attending......
Soderini, Piero di Tommaso
Piero di Tommaso Soderini was a Florentine statesman during the late 15th and early 16th centuries. Soderini was......
Solana, Javier
Javier Solana is a Spanish politician who served as the ninth secretary-general (1995â99) of the North Atlantic......
Solaro della Margarita, Clemente, Count
Clemente, Count Solaro della Margarita was a Piedmontese statesman who supported the old order against the Risorgimento.......
Solomon
Solomon was a biblical Israelite king who built the first Temple of Jerusalem and who is revered in Judaism and......
Sonni ÊżAlÄ«
Sonni ÊżAlÄ« was a West African monarch who initiated the imperial expansion of the western Sudanese kingdom of Songhai.......
Sonnino, Sidney, Barone
Sidney, Baron Sonnino was an Italian statesman who as foreign minister promoted his countryâs entrance into World......
Soong, T.V.
T.V. Soong was a financier and official of the Chinese Nationalist government between 1927 and 1949, once reputed......
Sorge, Richard
Richard Sorge was a German press correspondent who headed a successful Soviet espionage ring in Tokyo during World......
Souvanna Phouma
Souvanna Phouma was the premier of Laos known for having sought, throughout several terms in office, to maintain......
Spaak, Paul-Henri
Paul-Henri Spaak was Belgiumâs foremost statesman in the decades following World War II and a leading advocate......
Squier, E G
E. G. Squier was a U.S. newspaper editor, diplomat, and archaeologist who, with the physician and archaeologist......
Stadion, Johann Philipp, Graf von
Johann Philipp, count von Stadion was a statesman, foreign minister, and diplomat who served the Habsburg empire......
Stanhope, James Stanhope, 1st Earl
James Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope was a British soldier and statesman, the dominant minister during the first half......
Stefan DuĆĄan
Stefan DuĆĄan was the king of Serbia (1331â46) and âEmperor of the Serbs, Greeks, and Albaniansâ (1346â55). He was......
Steffani, Agostino
Agostino Steffani was a composer, singer, cleric, and diplomat, celebrated for his cantatas for two voices. Steffani......
Stephen
Stephen was the voivod (prince) of Moldavia (1457â1504), who won renown in Europe for his long resistance to the......
Stephen BĂĄthory
Stephen BĂĄthory was a prince of Transylvania (1571â76) and king of Poland (1575â86) who successfully opposed the......
Stettinius, Edward Reilly, Jr.
Edward Reilly Stettinius, Jr. was an American industrialist who served as President Franklin D. Rooseveltâs last......
Stevenson, Adlai E.
Adlai E. Stevenson was a U.S. political leader and diplomat who helped found the United Nations (UN), where he......
Stimson, Henry L.
Henry L. Stimson was a statesman who exercised a strong influence on U.S. foreign policy in the 1930s and â40s.......
StojadinoviÄ, Milan
Milan StojadinoviÄ was a Serbian politician, Yugoslav minister of finance from 1922 to 1926, and premier and foreign......
Stokes, Carl
Carl Stokes was an American lawyer and politician, who became the first African American to serve as mayor of a......
Stoltenberg, Jens
Jens Stoltenberg is a Norwegian Labour Party politician who served as prime minister of Norway (2000â01, 2005â13)......
Stratford, Stratford Canning, Viscount
Stratford Canning, Viscount Stratford was a diplomat who represented Great Britain at the Ottoman court for almost......
Straw, Jack
Jack Straw is a British Labour Party politician who held numerous government posts, including home secretary (1997â2001),......
Stresemann, Gustav
Gustav Stresemann was the chancellor (1923) and foreign minister (1923, 1924â29) of the Weimar Republic, largely......
Stubb, Alexander
Alexander Stubb is the president of Finland (2024â ). Stubb is the first person from Finlandâs Swedish-speaking......
Sturdza, Dimitrie Alexandru
Dimitrie Alexandru Sturdza was a Romanian statesman who four times served as prime minister of Romania and played......
Sturmer, Boris Vladimirovich
Boris Vladimirovich Sturmer was a Russian public official, who served as prime minister, minister of the interior,......
Sumanguru
Sumanguru was a West African ruler who conquered several small western Sudanese states and molded them into a sizable,......
Suppiluliumas I
Suppiluliumas I was a Hittite king who dominated the history of the ancient Middle East for the greater part of......
Suryavarman I
Suryavarman I was a great Khmer king of the Angkor period of Cambodian history. He was renowned as a conqueror......
Suttner, Bertha, Freifrau von
Bertha, baroness von Suttner was an Austrian novelist who was one of the first notable woman pacifists. She is......
Svyatoslav I
Svyatoslav I was the grand prince of Kyiv from 945 and the greatest of the Varangian princes of early Russo-Ukrainian......
Sykes, Sir Mark, 6th Baronet
Sir Mark Sykes, 6th Baronet was a diplomat who represented Great Britain in the so-called Sykes-Picot negotiations......
Symington, Stuart
Stuart Symington was a U.S. senator from Missouri (1953â76) who was a staunch advocate of a strong national defense......
Såenz Peña, Roque
Roque Såenz Peña was the president of Argentina from 1910 until his death. He was an aristocratic conservative......
Söderblom, Nathan
Nathan Söderblom was a Swedish Lutheran archbishop and theologian who in 1930 received the Nobel Prize for Peace......
SĂŒleyman the Magnificent
SĂŒleyman the Magnificent was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to 1566 who not only undertook bold military......
Tabinshwehti
Tabinshwehti was a king who unified Myanmar (reigned 1531â50). He was the second monarch of the Toungoo dynasty,......
Taksin
Taksin was a Thai general, conqueror, and later king (1767â82) who reunited Thailand, or Siam, after its defeat......
Talleyrand, Charles-Maurice de, prince de Bénévent
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand, prince de Bénévent , prince de Bénévent was a French statesman and diplomat noted......
Tanaka Giichi, Baron
Baron Tanaka Giichi was the prime minister (1927â29) and author of Japanâs aggressive policy toward China in the......
Tanaka Makiko
Tanaka Makiko is a Japanese politician who was the first woman to serve as Japanâs foreign minister (2001â02).......
Tanner, VÀinö
VÀinö Tanner was a moderate political leader, statesman, and prime minister who was instrumental in rebuilding......
Tanucci, Bernardo, Marchese
Bernardo, Marquess Tanucci was the foremost statesman of the Kingdom of Naples-Sicily in the 18th century. Though......
Taylor, Maxwell Davenport
Maxwell Davenport Taylor was a U.S. Army officer who became a pioneer in airborne warfare in Europe during World......
Taylor, Myron C.
Myron C. Taylor was an American financier and diplomat who was the chief executive of the United States Steel Corporation......
Temple, Shirley
Shirley Temple was an American actress and public official who was an internationally popular child star of the......
Temple, Sir William, Baronet
Sir William Temple, Baronet was an English statesman and diplomat who formulated the pro-Dutch foreign policy employed......
Tencin, Pierre Guérin de
Pierre Guérin de Tencin was a French statesman, cardinal, and anti-Jansenist of the 18th century. Tencin owed his......
Teresa, Mother
Mother Teresa ; canonized September 4, 2016; feast day September 5) was the founder of the Order of the Missionaries......
Thant, U
U Thant was a Myanmar educator, civil servant, and the third secretary general of the United Nations (1962â71).......
Tharoor, Shashi
Shashi Tharoor is a prominent Indian diplomat and politician who, after a distinguished career at the United Nations,......
Tharrawaddy
Tharrawaddy was the eighth king (reigned 1837â46) of the Alaungpaya, or Konbaung, dynasty of Myanmar (Burma), who......
Thiers, Adolphe
Adolphe Thiers was a French statesman, journalist, and historian, a founder and the first president (1871â73) of......
Thors, Ălafur
Ălafur Thors was a five-time Icelandic prime minister (1942, 1944â46, 1949â50, 1953â56, 1959â63). Educated at the......
Throckmorton, Sir Nicholas
Sir Nicholas Throckmorton was an English diplomat in the reign of Elizabeth I. The son of Sir George Throckmorton......
Thun und Hohenstein, Friedrich, Count von
Friedrich, count von Thun und Hohenstein was an Austrian diplomat and administrator who served as president of......
Thutmose I
Thutmose I was an 18th-dynasty king of ancient Egypt who expanded Egyptâs empire in Nubia (in present-day Sudan)......
Thutmose II
Thutmose II was an 18th-dynasty king of ancient Egypt who reigned in the 2nd millennium BCE. He suppressed a revolt......
Thutmose III
Thutmose III was a king (reigned c. 1479â25 bce) of the 18th dynasty, often regarded as the greatest of the rulers......
Thutmose IV
Thutmose IV was an 18th-dynasty king of ancient Egypt who reigned during the 2nd millennium BCE. He secured an......
Tiglath-pileser I
Tiglath-pileser I was one of the greatest of the early kings of Assyria, reigning c. 1115âc. 1077 bc. Tiglath-pileser......
Tiglath-pileser III
Tiglath-pileser III was the king of Assyria (745â727 bc) who inaugurated the last and greatest phase of Assyrian......
Tigranes II The Great
Tigranes II The Great was the king of Armenia from 95 to 55 bc, under whom the country became for a short time......
Timeline of the Napoleonic Era
Napoleon Bonaparte rose from the ranks of the French Revolutionary army to become first consul (1799â1804) and......
Timotheus
Timotheus was a Greek statesman and general who sought to revive Athenian imperial ambitions by making Athens dominant......
Timur
Timur was a Turkic conqueror, chiefly remembered for the barbarity of his conquests from India and Russia to the......
Titulescu, Nicolae
Nicolae Titulescu was a Romanian statesman who, as foreign minister (1927; 1932â36) for his country, was one of......
ToghrĂŻl Beg
ToghrĂŻl Beg was the founder of the Seljuq dynasty, which ruled in Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Anatolia during the 11thâ......
Tolstoy, Pyotr Andreyevich, Count
Pyotr Andreyevich, Count Tolstoy was a diplomat and statesman who was a close collaborator and influential adviser......
Torcy, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, marquis de
Jean-Baptiste Colbert, marquis de Torcy was a French diplomat and foreign minister who negotiated some of the most......
Townshend, Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount
Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend was a Whig statesman who directed British foreign policy from 1721 to......
Trajan
Trajan was a Roman emperor (98â117 ce) who sought to extend the boundaries of the empire to the east (notably in......
Trauttmansdorff, Maximilian, Graf von
Maximilian, count von Trauttmansdorff was an Austrian statesman, confidant of the emperors Ferdinand II and Ferdinand......
TrikoĂșpis, KharĂlaos
KharĂlaos TrikoĂșpis was a statesman who sought with limited success to foster broad-scale national development......