Diplomats, GAU-HEN
Meet the diplomats whose negotiation, tact, and statecraft helped manage conflict, forge alliances, and shape relations between nations.
Diplomats Encyclopedia Articles By Title
Gaulle, Charles de
Charles de Gaulle was a French soldier, writer, statesman, and architect of Franceâs Fifth Republic. De Gaulle......
Gavin, James Maurice
James Maurice Gavin was a U.S. Army commander known as âthe jumping generalâ because he parachuted with combat......
Gbowee, Leymah
Leymah Gbowee is a Liberian peace activist known for rallying women to pressure leaders into ending Liberiaâs civil......
Gediminas
Gediminas was the grand duke of Lithuania, the strongest contemporary ruler of eastern Europe. Gediminas succeeded......
Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan was a Mongolian warrior-ruler, one of the most famous conquerors of history, who consolidated tribes......
Genscher, Hans-Dietrich
Hans-Dietrich Genscher was a German politician and statesman who was chairman (1974â85) of the West German Free......
Gentz, Friedrich
Friedrich Gentz was a German political journalist, famous for his writings against the principles of the French......
GenĂȘt, Edmond-Charles
Edmond-Charles GenĂȘt was a French emissary to the United States during the French Revolution who severely strained......
Georgia indictment of Donald Trump
On August 14, 2023, Donald Trump was charged in Georgia on 13 counts in connection with his attempt to overturn......
Gerlach, Leopold von
Leopold von Gerlach was the eldest of three brothers prominent in German conservatism during the first half of......
Gerry, Elbridge
Elbridge Gerry was a signer of the American Declaration of Independence and the fifth vice president of the United......
Ghotbzadeh, Sadegh
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh was an Iranian politician who helped establish Iran as an Islamic republic and was the foreign......
Giers, Nikolay Karlovich
Nikolay Karlovich Giers was a statesman and foreign minister of Russia during the reign of Alexander III (ruled......
Gladstone, William Ewart
William Ewart Gladstone was a statesman and four-time prime minister of Great Britain (1868â74, 1880â85, 1886,......
Gobat, Charles-Albert
Charles-Albert Gobat was a Swiss politician, administrator, philanthropist, and author, who co-won the Nobel Prize......
Godoy, Manuel de
Manuel de Godoy was a Spanish royal favourite and twice prime minister, whose disastrous foreign policy contributed......
Goldberg, Arthur J.
Arthur J. Goldberg was a labor lawyer who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1962â65) and......
Golitsyn, Vasily Vasilyevich, Knyaz
Vasily Vasilyevich, Prince Golitsyn was a Russian statesman who was the chief adviser to Sophia Alekseyevna and......
Golovin, Fyodor Alekseyevich, Count
Fyodor Alekseyevich, Count Golovin was a Russian statesman and diplomat who served prominently during the reign......
Golovkin, Gavriil Ivanovich, Count
Gavriil Ivanovich, Count Golovkin was a Russian statesman and diplomat who was a close associate of Peter I the......
GomuĆka, WĆadysĆaw
WĆadysĆaw GomuĆka was the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workersâ Party, the ruling......
Gondomar, Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, Count de
Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, count de Gondomar was a Spanish diplomat and ambassador to England who became one of......
Gong Qinwang
Gong Qinwang was a leading official in the closing years of the Qing dynasty (1644â1911/12), who tried to repair......
Gorbachev, Mikhail
Mikhail Gorbachev was a Soviet official, general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) from......
Gorchakov, Aleksandr Mikhaylovich, Prince
Aleksandr Mikhaylovich, Prince Gorchakov was a statesman who served as Russiaâs foreign minister during the quarter......
Gordon Walker, Patrick Chrestien
Patrick Chrestien Gordon Walker was a British politician who was foreign secretary (1964â65) in Harold Wilsonâs......
Gore, Al
Al Gore is an American politician and environmental activist who served as the 45th vice president of the United......
GoĆuchowski, Agenor, Count
Agenor, Count GoĆuchowski was the foreign minister of Austria (1895â1906) who negotiated the Austro-Russian agreement......
Gramont, Antoine-Agénor-Alfred, duc de
Antoine-Agénor-Alfred, duke de Gramonte was a French diplomat and statesman whose belligerent attitudes as foreign......
Grandi, Dino, conte di Mordano
Dino Grandi, conte di Mordano was a high-ranking official of Italyâs Fascist regime who later contributed to the......
Granville, Granville George Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl
Granville George Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville was a British foreign secretary in William E. Gladstoneâs first......
Greener, Richard Theodore
Richard Theodore Greener was an attorney, educator, and diplomat who was the first African American graduate of......
Greenhow, Rose OâNeal
Rose OâNeal Greenhow was a Confederate spy whose social position and shrewd judgment cloaked her espionage for......
Greenwood, Arthur
Arthur Greenwood was a British Labour Party politician who was a noteworthy advocate of British resistance to the......
Grenville, William Wyndham Grenville, Baron
William Wyndham Grenville, Baron Grenville was a British politician, son of prime minister George Grenville; he......
Grey, Charles Grey, 2nd Earl
Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey was a British politician, leader of the Whig (liberal) Party, and prime minister (1830â34),......
Grey, Sir Edward, 3rd Baronet
Sir Edward Grey, 3rd Baronet was a British statesman whose 11 years (1905â16) as British foreign secretary, the......
Griffenfeld, Peder Schumacher, Count af
Peder Schumacher, count af Griffenfeld was a Danish statesman of the 17th century. He was born Peder Schumacher......
Gripenstedt, Johan August, Friherre
Johan August, Baron Gripenstedt was a politician who initiated and guided Swedenâs transition to a capitalist economy.......
Gromyko, Andrei
Andrei Gromyko was a Soviet foreign minister (1957â85) and president (1985â88) of the Presidium of the Supreme......
Grotius, Hugo
Hugo Grotius was a Dutch jurist and scholar whose masterpiece De Jure Belli ac Pacis (1625; On the Law of War and......
Guilfoyle, Kimberly
Kimberly Guilfoyleâs rĂ©sumĂ© is eclectic, to say the least. CSelected in 2025 as U.S. Pres. Donald Trumpâs ambassador......
Guilleragues, Gabriel-Joseph de Lavergne, viscount of
Gabriel-Joseph de Lavergne, viscount of Guilleragues was a French author and diplomat, considered by most modern......
Guizot, François
François Guizot was a French political figure and historian who, as leader of the conservative constitutional monarchists......
Gujral, Inder Kumar
Inder Kumar Gujral was an Indian politician who served briefly as prime minister of India from April 21, 1997,......
Guo Songtao
Guo Songtao was a Chinese diplomat and liberal statesman who was his countryâs first resident minister of modern......
Guo Taiqi
Guo Taiqi was a Chinese official and diplomat who played a major role in determining his countryâs foreign policy......
Gustav IV Adolf
Gustav IV Adolf was a Swedish king whose intemperate foreign policy led to his overthrow in a coup dâĂ©tat (1809)......
Gustavus Adolphus
Gustavus Adolphus was the king of Sweden (1611â32) who laid the foundations of the modern Swedish state and made......
Guterres, AntĂłnio
AntĂłnio Guterres is a Portuguese politician and diplomat who served as prime minister of Portugal (1995â2002) and......
Gyges
Gyges was the king of Lydia, in western Anatolia (now Turkey), from about 680 to about 652 bc; he founded the Mermnad......
GĂłmez, Laureano Eleuterio
Laureano Eleuterio GĂłmez was an extremely conservative politician who was president of Colombia (1950â53) until......
Görtz, Georg Heinrich, Baron von
Georg Heinrich, baron von Görtz was a German statesman who was a key financial and diplomatic adviser to King Charles......
Haakon IV Haakonsson
Haakon IV Haakonsson was the king of Norway (1217â63) who consolidated the power of the monarchy, patronized the......
Haakon V Magnusson
Haakon V Magnusson was the king of Norway (1299â1319) whose anti-English foreign policy paved the way for the commercial......
Haakon VI Magnusson
Haakon VI Magnusson was the king of Norway (1355â80) whose marriage to Margaret, daughter of the Danish king Valdemar......
Habib, Philip Charles
Philip Charles Habib was a U.S. diplomat who had a distinguished 30-year career as a U.S. foreign-service officer,......
Hague, William Jefferson, Baron Hague of Richmond
William Jefferson Hague, Baron Hague of Richmond , Baron Hague of Richmond is a British politician who served as......
Haile Selassie I
Haile Selassie I was the emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974 who sought to modernize his country and who steered......
Hale, Nathan
Nathan Hale was an American Revolutionary officer who attempted to spy on the British and was hanged. He attended......
Haley, Nikki
Nikki Haley is an American politician who served as U.S. ambassador to the United Nations (2017â18) in the administration......
Halifax, Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st earl of
Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st earl of Halifax was a British viceroy of India (1925â31), foreign secretary......
Halim PaĆa, Said
Said Halim PaĆa was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier (chief minister) from 1913 to 1916. The grandson......
Hall, Carl Christian
Carl Christian Hall was a Danish politician whose policies led Denmark into a disastrous war with Germany. Hall......
Hall, Theodore
Theodore Hall was an American-born physicist and spy who during World War II worked on the Manhattan Project to......
Hamilton, Alexander
Alexander Hamilton was a New York delegate to the Constitutional Convention (1787), major author of the Federalist......
Hamilton, Sir William
Sir William Hamilton was a British diplomat and archaeologist. He was the husband of Emma, Lady Hamilton, the mistress......
Hammarskjöld, Dag
Dag Hammarskjöld was a Swedish economist and statesman who, as the second secretary-general (1953â61) of the United......
Hammond, Philip
Philip Hammond is a British Conservative Party politician who served as foreign minister (2014â16) under Prime......
Hammurabi
Hammurabi was the sixth and best-known ruler of the 1st (Amorite) dynasty of Babylon (reigning c. 1792â1750 bce),......
Hanno
Hanno was a leader of the aristocratic pro-Roman faction at Carthage during the Second Punic War (218â201) between......
Hanotaux, Gabriel
Gabriel Hanotaux was a statesman, diplomat, and historian who directed a major French colonial expansion in Africa......
Hansen, H.C.
H.C. Hansen was a politician and statesman who, as foreign minister and prime minister, led Denmark to a prominent......
Hanssen, Robert
Robert Hanssen was an agent of the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) who was one of the Soviet Unionâs......
Hansson, Per Albin
Per Albin Hansson was a Social Democratic statesman who, as four-time premier of Sweden between 1932 and 1946,......
Harald III Sigurdsson
Harald III Sigurdsson was the king of Norway (1045â66). His harsh suppression of lesser Norwegian chieftains cost......
Hardenberg, Karl August von
Karl August von Hardenberg was a Prussian statesman and administrator, who preserved the integrity of the Prussian......
Hardinge, Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron
Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge was a British diplomat and viceroy of India who improved British relations......
Haro, Luis MĂ©ndez de
Luis MĂ©ndez de Haro was the chief minister and favourite of King Philip IV (reigned 1621â65), who failed to stem......
Harriman, Florence Jaffray
Florence Jaffray Harriman was a U.S. diplomat, noted for her service as U.S. minister to Norway during World War......
Harriman, Pamela
Pamela Harriman was a British-born socialite and American political figure who made a name for herself first as......
Harriman, W. Averell
W. Averell Harriman was a statesman who was a leading U.S. diplomat in relations with the Soviet Union during World......
Harrington, William Stanhope, 1st earl of, Viscount Petersham of Petersham
William Stanhope, 1st earl of Harrington was a British diplomat and statesman in the Walpole-Pelham era. Educated......
Harris, Kamala
Kamala Harris is the 49th vice president of the United States (2021â25) in the Democratic administration of Pres.......
Harris, Patricia Roberts
Patricia Roberts Harris was an American public official, the first African American woman named to a U.S. ambassadorship......
Harris, Townsend
Townsend Harris was a U.S. politician and diplomat, the first Western consul to reside in Japan, whose influence......
Harrison, Benjamin
Benjamin Harrison was the 23rd president of the United States (1889â93), a moderate Republican who won an electoral......
Harrison, Wallace K
Wallace K. Harrison was an American architect best known as head of the group of architects that designed the United......
Hasdrubal
Hasdrubal was a Carthaginian general, the son-in-law of Hamilcar Barca. Hasdrubal is known for his political opposition......
Hastings, William Hastings, Baron
William Hastings, Baron Hastings was an English soldier and diplomat, a supporter of King Edward IV and the Yorkists......
Haugwitz, Christian, Count von
Christian, count von Haugwitz was a Prussian minister and diplomat, the principal author of Prussian foreign policy......
Hay, John
John Hay was the U.S. secretary of state (1898â1905) who skillfully guided the diplomacy of his country during......
Hayashi Tadasu, Count
Count Hayashi Tadasu was a Japanese diplomat who negotiated the Anglo-Japanese Alliance of 1902. Hayashi studied......
Haymerle, Heinrich, Baron von
Heinrich, baron von Haymerle was a diplomat and foreign minister of the Habsburg Empire (1879â81) who secured a......
Hayton
Hayton was the king of Little Armenia, now in Turkey, from 1224 to 1269. The account of his travels in western......
Hecataeus of Miletus
Hecataeus of Miletus was a groundbreaking Greek author of an early history and geography. When the Persian Empire......
Heinsius, Anthonie
Anthonie Heinsius was a statesman who as councillor pensionary of Holland (1689â1720) and the leading Dutch adviser......
Helms, Jesse
Jesse Helms was an American politician and longtime member of the U.S. Senate (1973â2003), who was a leading figure......
Henderson, Arthur
Arthur Henderson was one of the chief organizers of the British Labour Party. He was Britainâs secretary of state......
Henderson, Sir Nevile Meyrick
Sir Nevile Meyrick Henderson was a British ambassador in Berlin (1937â39) who was closely associated with Prime......