The impact of the Revolution was widespread and profound. Its commitment to democratic values (as embodied in the slogan “Liberty, equality, fraternity”) had lasting effects in not only France but also Europe as a whole and beyond. It led to the rise of centralized and unified modern states, thus furthering modern concepts of nationalism (as in Italy and Germany, which became unified countries in the 19th century). In sweeping away the privileges of the monarchy, church, and aristocracy, it encouraged the rise of the bourgeoisie and led to the growth of industry and the creation of a corresponding class of industrial workers. In the long term, the Revolution’s liberationist principles also served as a catalyst for such causes as the abolition of slavery and the dissolution of colonial empires.