How did the French monarchy fall in August 1792?

The fall of the French monarchy in August 1792 was the culmination of mounting political tensions, failed military efforts, and radical public pressure. By 1792, the Legislative Assembly was caught between the king’s secret opposition to the Revolution and the demands of radical factions.12

The situation reached a breaking point following the outbreak of war against a coalition of Austria and Prussia in April 1792. As foreign forces advanced toward Paris, the Duke of Brunswick issued a manifesto threatening the capital with vengeance if the royal family was harmed. Rather than intimidating the populace, this proclamation enraged the citizens of Paris.123

Militants in the Paris Commune organized an insurrection, and on August 10, 1792, a large armed crowd stormed the Tuileries Palace. Following the battle, the Legislative Assembly was forced to suspend the king and call for the election of a National Convention by universal male suffrage to determine the nation's future, effectively ending the monarchy.123