Sociology & Society, 10 -AME
The study of human societies is an important tool for the improvement of living conditions. It analyzes the innumerable factors that are the makeup of human behavior and that can cause social injustice, stratification, and societal disorder in the form of crime, deviance, and revolution. It helps to find the best possible solutions to issues such as economic inequality, race relations, and gender discrimination. The discipline of sociology has grown by leaps and bounds in the last century with the contribution of scholars from different schools of thought.
Sociology & Society Encyclopedia Articles By Title
10 Women Scientists Who Should Be More Famous
Not counting well-known women science Nobelists like Marie Curie or individuals such as Jane Goodall, Rosalind......
10 Women Who Advanced Our Understanding of Life on Earth
The study of life entails inquiry into many different facets of existence, from behavior and development to anatomy......
12 Extraordinary Women in the Mughal Empire
The women in the Mughal court have largely been obscured in popular narratives by the exploits of the male rulers,......
1960s counterculture
1960s counterculture, a broad-ranging social movement in the United States, Canada, and western Europe that rejected......
20 Under 40: Young Shapers of the Future (Architecture, Urban Studies, and Engineering)
The future is unwritten. It is also right around the corner, and, if, as science fiction author William Gibson......
2022 Nobel Peace Prize winners
The 2022 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded jointly to Ales Bialiatski, a Belarusian human rights activist and political......
2025 Nobel Prize Winners
The 2025 Nobel Prize laureates received their awards at a ceremony in Stockholm on December 10, 2025. The 2025......
2026 Nobel Prize winners
The Nobel Prizes are among the most prestigious awards in the world. Only about 1,000 individuals can claim to......
4chan and 8chan (8kun)
4chan and 8chan (8kun), imageboard websites that are characterized primarily by the anonymity of their users and......
5 Famous Battle-Axes
The weapon of choice for these historical women wasnât beauty, grace, or charm. Instead, they choose to wield cold,......
5 Harvest Festivals of India
India is often called âthe land of festivals.â One of the reasons behind this could be its highly diverse population......
5 Historically Significant Houses in Germany
Germanyâs cultural heritage is expressed through the homes of some of its most recognizable writers, composers,......
5 Important Places in Global LGBTQIA+ History
These five places around the world were integral in the development of the gay and transgender liberation movements......
5 Incredible Women in STEM You Need to Know
We owe a number of humanityâs great scientific, mathematical, and technological developments to womenâeven if they......
6 of the First Women to Become Heads of State
Throughout history, women have often been pushed to the sidelines in politics and kept from power. As of 2016,......
6 Things You Should Know About Meghan, Duchess of Sussex
Her marriage to Prince Harry made Meghan an international iconâand one of the most-talked-about royals. From tabloids......
7 Amazing Historical Sites in Africa
The African continent has long been inhabited and has some amazing historical sites to show for it. Check out these......
7 Celebrities You Didnât Know Were Inventors
Since 1790 there have been more than eight million patents issued in the U.S. Some of them have been given to great......
7 Famous Child Prodigies
Not all gifted children go on to achieve great things as adults. Here are seven who did. list, child prodigies,......
7 Female Firsts in U.S. Politics
On July 28, 2016, at the Democratic National Convention, Hillary Clinton became the first female presidential candidate......
7 Nobel Prize Scandals
The Nobel Prizes were first presented in 1901 and have since become some of the most-prestigious awards in the......
7 Notorious Women Criminals
Female pirates? Murderers? Gangsters? Conspirators? Yes. Throughout history women have had their share in all of......
7 People Who Shaped LGBTQIA+ World History
These seven figures in LGBTQIA+ history broke barriers around the world. Their contributions to their respective......
7 Winter Solstice Celebrations From Around the World
The winter solstice, the longest night of the year, falls on December 21 or 22 in the Northern Hemisphere and June......
7 Women Warriors
When courage is in short supply, we look outside ourselves to find it. Sometimes a good book or film will rouse......
8 Hotly Disputed Borders of the World
Some borders, like that between the United States and Canada, are peaceful ones. Others are places of conflict......
8 Unusual Punishments Inflicted on Women Throughout History
Throughout history, women have faced punishment that has ranged from mild to extreme. History maintained more rigid......
9 Historic Places Worth Exploring in Egypt
From the last of the Seven Wonders of the World left standing to a presidential gaffe that inspired a huge new......
9to5, National Association of Working Women
9to5, National Association of Working Women, organization established in 1973 and dedicated to improving the working......
A Brief History of Libraries
Back in the day, before the advent of online search engines, people with questions commonly turned to the most......
A Teen Girl Recalls Juneteenth in the 1950s
June 19, 1956, fell on a Tuesday. It was 90 years to the day from the first celebration of Juneteenth, commemorating......
A Timeline of Environmental History
Nearly all of the major milestones in U.S. and global environmental legislation have been enacted since the 1960s.......
Abel Prize
Abel Prize, award granted annually for research in mathematics, in commemoration of the brilliant 19th-century......
ableism
ableism, type of discrimination in which able-bodied individuals are viewed as normal and superior to those with......
academy
academy, a society of learned individuals organized to advance art, science, literature, music, or some other cultural......
Academy Award
Academy Award, any of a number of awards presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences,......
Academy Award for best actor
Academy Award for best actor, award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, located......
Academy Award for best actress
Academy Award for best actress, award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, located......
Academy Award for best adapted screenplay
The Academy Award for best adapted screenplay is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts......
Academy Award for best animated feature
Academy Award for best animated feature, award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences,......
Academy Award for best cinematography
Academy Award for best cinematography, award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences,......
Academy Award for best director
Academy Award for best director, award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, located......
Academy Award for best original screenplay
The Academy Award for best original screenplay is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture......
Academy Award for best picture
Academy Award for best picture, award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, located......
Academy Award for best supporting actor
Academy Award for best supporting actor, Each year the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences honors the man......
Academy Award for best supporting actress
Academy Award for best supporting actress, annual award presented to the actress in a supporting role who delivered......
accountability
accountability, principle according to which a person or institution is responsible for a set of duties and can......
Acculturation
Acculturation, the processes of change in artifacts, customs, and beliefs that result from the contact of two or......
activities of daily living
activities of daily living (ADLs), any task that commonly is completed by most persons, that is performed habitually......
Adams, Charles Francis, III
Charles Francis Adams III was an American lawyer and businessman, government official, yachtsman, and philanthropist......
Addams, Jane
Jane Addams was an American social reformer and pacifist, co-winner (with Nicholas Murray Butler) of the Nobel......
adhocracy
adhocracy, an organizational design whose structure is highly flexible, loosely coupled, and amenable to frequent......
Adoption
Adoption, the act of establishing a person as parent to one who is not in fact or in law his child. Adoption is......
adultery
adultery, sexual relations between a married person and someone other than the spouse. Written or customary prohibitions......
advocacy network
advocacy network, organization consisting of independent groups that collaborate in the pursuit of political change.......
Aerial Experiment Association
Aerial Experiment Association (AEA), organization that gathered together a group of young aviators and designers......
Aetheling
Aetheling, in Anglo-Saxon England, generally any person of noble birth. Use of the term was usually restricted......
Affirmative action
Affirmative action, in the United States, an active effort to improve employment or educational opportunities for......
Africa Cup of Nations
The Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON; also called the African Cup of Nations) is a biennial inter-country football......
African Blood Brotherhood
African Blood Brotherhood (ABB), American black liberation group active in the post-World War I period that advocated......
Afrikaner-Broederbond
Afrikaner-Broederbond, South African secret society composed of Afrikaans-speaking Protestant, white men over the......
aga
aga, in Turkey, person of high rank or social position, especially during the era of the Ottoman Empire. Combined......
Agarwal, Anil Kumar
Anil Kumar Agarwal was an Indian journalist and scholar best known for his work as one of the countryâs most prominent......
AgarwÄlÄ
AgarwÄlÄ, important mercantile caste in India, belonging to that group of merchants, bankers, landowners, and shopkeepers......
Age set
Age set, a formally organized group consisting of every male (or female) of comparable age. In those societies......
Age-area hypothesis
Age-area hypothesis, in anthropology, theory holding that the age of culture traits (elements of a culture) may......
ageism
ageism, the discrimination or expression of prejudice against an individual based on age. Older people are the......
agency
agency, an independent administrative authority that participates in running specific parts of an economy or society.......
agitprop
agitprop, political strategy in which the techniques of agitation and propaganda are used to influence and mobilize......
Agrarian League
Agrarian League, extraparliamentary organization active under the German empire from 1893. Formed to combat the......
Agrippa, Marcus Vipsanius
Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa was a powerful deputy of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. He was chiefly responsible......
agunah
agunah, in Orthodox and Conservative Judaism, a woman who is presumed to be widowed but who cannot remarry because......
Ahīr
Ahīr, cattle-tending caste widespread in northern and central India. Considerable historical interest attaches......
Akers, Ronald L.
Ronald L. Akers is an American criminologist widely known for his social learning theory of crime. After earning......
Akutagawa Prize
Akutagawa Prize, Japanese literary prize awarded semiannually for the best work of fiction by a promising new Japanese......
Albanian League
Albanian League, first Albanian nationalist organization. Formed at Prizren (now in Kosovo) on July 1, 1878, the......
Albert
Albert was the prince of Monaco (1889â1922), seaman, amateur oceanographer, and patron of the sciences, whose contributions......
Album of the Year vs. Record of the Year
Among the perennial questions surrounding the Grammy Awards are who will win, what will nominees wear, and what......
Alcoholics Anonymous
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), voluntary fellowship of alcoholic persons who seek to get sober and remain sober through......
Alex Jones
Alex Jones is an American political commentator and media entrepreneur. His website Infowars, which he launched......
Alexander III
Alexander III was the emperor of Russia from 1881 to 1894, an opponent of representative government, and a supporter......
All India Womenâs Conference
All India Womenâs Conference (AIWC), organization dedicated to improving womenâs education and social welfare in......
All-China Womenâs Federation
All-China Womenâs Federation (ACWF), the official, state-sponsored organization representing womenâs interests......
Alliance Israélite Universelle
Alliance Israélite Universelle, Political organization founded in France in 1860 for the purpose of providing assistance......
Amateur Athletic Association
Amateur Athletic Association (AAA), British national governing organization for the sport of track and field (athletics).......
Amateur Athletic Union of the United States
Amateur Athletic Union of the United States (AAU), alliance of national and district associations, amateur athletic......
Ameghino, Florentino
Florentino Ameghino was a paleontologist, anthropologist, and geologist, whose fossil discoveries on the Argentine......
America First Committee
America First Committee, influential political pressure group in the United States (1940â41) that opposed aid to......
American Anti-Slavery Society
American Anti-Slavery Society, primary activist organization, through its state and local auxiliaries, for the......
American Association for the Advancement of Science
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the largest general scientific society in the United......
American Association of Retired Persons
American Association of Retired Persons (AARP), nonprofit, nonpartisan organization that works to address the needs......
American Athletic Conference
American Athletic Conference, American collegiate athletic organization that was founded in 2013. The conference......
American Baptist Association
American Baptist Association, fellowship of autonomous Baptist churches, organized in 1905 by Baptists who withdrew......
American Baptist Churches USA
American Baptist Churches USA, association of Baptist churches organized in 1907 as the Northern Baptist Convention,......
American Bible Society
American Bible Society (ABS), international agency under lay control, formed in New York in 1816 as a union of......
American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, first American foreign missionary society, established in......
American Civil Liberties Union
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), organization founded by Roger Baldwin and others in New York City in 1920......
American Colonization Society
American Colonization Society, American organization dedicated to transporting freeborn blacks and emancipated......
American Dream
American Dream, ideal that the United States is a land of opportunity that allows the possibility of upward mobility,......
American Equal Rights Association
American Equal Rights Association (AERA), organization that, from 1866 to 1869, worked to âsecure Equal Rights......