Ferdinand Zirkel was a German geologist and pioneer in microscopic petrography, the study of rock minerals by viewing thin slices of rock under a microscope and noting their optical characteristics. Zirkel became professor of mineralogy at Lemberg University in 1863. The first edition of his famous

dating: Uranium–lead method: Today, however, baddeleyite (ZrO2) and zirconolite (CaZrTi2O7) have been found to be widespread in the silica-poor mafic igneous rocks. In addition, perovskite (CaTiO3), a common constituent of some ultramafic igneous rocks, has been shown to be amenable to precise uranium–lead dating. As a result of these developments, virtually all igneous…

Islamic arts: Islamic music in Spain: …figure in this development is Ziryāb (flourished 9th century), a pupil of Isḥāq al-Mawṣilī, who, because of the jealousy of his teacher, emigrated from Baghdad to Spain. A virtuoso singer and the leading musician at the court of Córdoba, Ziryāb introduced a fifth string to the lute, devised a number…

Zisi was a Chinese philosopher and grandson of Confucius (551–479 bce). Varying traditional accounts state that Zisi, who studied under Confucius’s pupil Zengzi, taught either Mencius (Mengzi)—the “second sage” of Confucianism—or Mencius’s teacher. Texts dating to about the 2nd and the 4th

Jan, Count Žižka was a military commander and national hero of Bohemia who led the victorious Hussite armies against the German king Sigismund, foreshadowing the revolution of military tactics two centuries later in his introduction of mobile artillery. Žižka grew up at the court of the German king

Zitácuaro, city, northeastern Michoacán estado (state), west-central Mexico, near the border of México state. It is on the western slopes of the Zitácuaro Mountains, at 6,549 feet (1,996 metres) above sea level. Zitácuaro was the scene of 19th-century battles, both in the wars for independence from

Venice: Churches of Venice: …1610), Il Redentore (1577–92), and Le Zitelle (1582–86) were all designed by Andrea Palladio; their Roman Classical facades were intended to be seen across the waters of the Giudecca Canal. San Giorgio and La Salute turn the open lagoon in front of San Marco into an aquatic extension of the…

zither, any stringed musical instrument whose strings are the same length as its soundboard. The European zither consists of a flat, shallow sound box across which some 30 or 40 gut or metal strings are stretched. The strings nearest the player run above a fretted fingerboard against which they are

zither: Instruments of the zither family assume a variety of forms. The body may be a flexible stick, as in the musical bow, or may be a rigid bar, as in many Indian and Southeast Asian and some African zithers. Bar zithers often have high frets; one-stringed varieties may…

rigatoni: …ridged forms of penne and ziti. Both penne and ziti are cut on an angle rather than straight across, however, and all three are more slender than rigatoni. Ziti and tortiglioni are common in Naples and the Campania region, though less common elsewhere.

Zitkala-Sa was a writer and reformer who strove to expand opportunities for Native Americans and to safeguard their cultures. Gertrude Simmons was the daughter of a Yankton Sioux mother and a Euro-American father. She adopted the name Zitkala-Sa in her teens. When she was eight, she was sent to

Wendi, the Chinese god of literature, whose chief heavenly task, assigned by the Jade Emperor (Yudi), is to keep a log of men of letters so that he can mete out rewards and punishments to each according to merit. He also maintains a register of the titles and honours each writer has received. Among

Zittau, city, Saxony Land (state), eastern Germany. It lies on the Lausitzer Neisse River, near the frontiers of Poland and the Czech Republic, southeast of Dresden. Originating as the Slav settlement of Sitowir, it was mentioned in 1230 and chartered in 1255, when it belonged to Bohemia. Zittau

Karl Alfred, knight von Zittel was a paleontologist who proved that the Sahara had not been under water during the Pleistocene Ice Age. In 1863 Zittel became an assistant to the royal mineral cabinet of Vienna and professor of mineralogy, geognosy, and paleontology at the Karlsruhe Polytechnic. In

cisticola: …most widespread example is the zitting cisticola, or common fantail warbler (C. juncidis), a reddish brown, streaky bird, 11 cm (4.5 inches) long, found from Europe and Africa to Japan and Australia. Like most cisticolas it makes a domed nest. The most common species from India to the Philippines and…

Lamía, city and dímos (municipality), Central Greece (Modern Greek: Stereá Elláda) periféreia (region), central Greece. It is located in the Sperkhiós River valley at the foot of the Óthrys Mountains, near the Gulf of Euboea (Évvoia), and is the seat of a bishop of the Greek Orthodox Church. Lamía

Ziusudra, in Mesopotamian Religion, rough counterpart to the biblical Noah as survivor of a god-sent flood. When the gods had decided to destroy humanity with a flood, the god Enki (Akkadian Ea), who did not agree with the decree, revealed it to Ziusudra, a man well known for his humility and

telecommunication: The Lempel-Ziv algorithm: …the Israelis Abraham Lempel and Jacob Ziv. The Lempel-Ziv algorithm works by constructing a codebook out of sequences encountered previously. For example, the codebook might begin with a set of four 12-bit code words representing four possible signal levels. If two of those levels arrived in sequence, the encoder, rather…

Djuro Zivkovic is a Serbian musician and composer whose Grawemeyer Award-winning composition, On the Guarding of the Heart, placed him in the ranks of distinguished 20th- and 21st-century composers. Zivkovic’s parents, neither of whom had a particular interest in music, early instilled in him an

Petar Živković was the dictatorial premier of Yugoslavia from 1929 to 1932. In 1903, as a young soldier at the Serbian court, Živković was involved in 1903 in the assassination of King Alexander, the overthrow of the Obrenović dynasty, and the restoration of the house of Karadjordjević in the

Zoran Živković is a Serbian businessman and politician who served as prime minister (2003–04) of the republic of Serbia, then part of the federation of Serbia and Montenegro (formerly known as Yugoslavia). Živković completed an associate’s degree in economics from the Belgrade College of Economics

Emir Kusturica: The 21st century: …decades: Život je čudo (2004; Life Is a Miracle) and Zavet (2007; Promise Me This). The former deals with life in a small Bosnian town as the war approaches, and the latter concerns the vow given by a grandfather to his grandson. Though both films are typically heartwarming, they are…

Milan Kundera: …novel, Život je jinde (1969; Life Is Elsewhere), about a hapless, romantic-minded hero who thoroughly embraces the Communist takeover of 1948, was forbidden Czech publication. Kundera had participated in the brief but heady liberalization of Czechoslovakia in 1967–68, and after the Soviet occupation of the country he refused to admit…

jewelry: Scythian: …and earrings making up the Ziwiye treasure (discovered in Iran near the border between Kurdistan and Azerbaijan) provide evidence of this Asiatic phase of Scythian gold-working art. The ornaments are characterized by highly expressive animal forms. This Central Asian Scythian-Iranian style passed by way of Phoenician trading in the 8th…

Sima Xiangru: …compose his famous fu “Zixufu” (“Master Nil”), in which two imaginary characters from rival states describe the hunts and hunting preserves of their rulers.

Turkish literature: New Ottoman literature (1839–1918): …Şinasi succeeded in winning both Ziya Paşa and Namık Kemal over to the cause of modernization. Ziya Paşa led a successful career as a provincial governor, but in 1867 he fled to France, England, and Switzerland; while in exile he collaborated with Şinasi. In Geneva in 1870, Ziya Paşa wrote…

Hai River system: …Hai at Tianjin; and the Ziya River, flowing northeastward from southwestern Hebei toward Tianjin, along with its important tributary, the Hutuo River, rising in the Taihang Mountains west of Shijiazhuang in western Hebei. The most important of the Hai’s tributaries is the Yongding. Issuing from the Guanting Reservoir—which is itself…

Ziya Gökalp was a sociologist, writer, and poet, one of the most important intellectuals and spokesmen of the Turkish nationalist movement. While Gökalp was a student at the Constantinople Veterinary School, his active membership in a secret revolutionary society led to his imprisonment. After the

al-Farazdaq: …Banū Fuqaim tribes, and when Ziyād ibn Abīhi, a member of the latter tribe, became governor of Iraq in 669, he was forced to flee to Medina, where he remained for several years. On the death of Ziyād, he returned to Basra and gained the support of Ziyād’s son, ʿUbayd…

al-Nābighah al-Dhubyānī was a pre-Islamic Arab poet, the first great court poet of Arabic literature. His works were among those collected in the Muʿallaqāt. Nābighah belonged to the tribe of Dhubyān. The origin of his name (“The Genius of Dhubyān”) is uncertain, as are details of his early life.

Mosque of Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn: …mosque surrounded by three outer ziyādahs, or courtyards. Much of the decoration and design recalls the ʿAbbāsid architecture of Iraq. The crenellated outside walls have merlons that are shaped and perforated in a decorative pattern. The courtyards are lined with arcades of broad arches and heavy pillars. In the mosque…

Aghlabid dynasty: …[3 km] south of Kairouan); Ziyādat Allāh I (817–838), who broke the rebellion of the Arab soldiery and sent it to conquer Sicily (which remained in Arab hands for two centuries); and Abū Ibrāhim Aḥmad (856–863), who commissioned many public works. During the 9th century the brilliant Kairouan civilization evolved…

Ziyādid Dynasty, Muslim dynasty that ruled Yemen in the period 819–1018 from its capital at Zabīd. The ʿAbbāsid caliph al-Maʾmūn transferred the rule of Yemen to the Ziyād family to offset the intrigues of the ʿAlids—the Shīʿite opponents of the ʿAbbāsids—who had made southern Arabia their

Wuyi Mountains: Ziyang Shuyuan, a well-known academy established in 1183 by the famous Neo-Confucian philosopher Zhu Xi (1130–1200), flourished there in the 18th and 19th centuries; its ruins have been partially rebuilt.

ziyārah, (Arabic: “visit”), in Islām, a visit to the tomb of the Prophet Muḥammad in the mosque at Medina, Saudi Arabia; also a visit to the tomb of a saint or a holy person. The legitimacy of these latter visits has been questioned by many Muslim religious authorities, particularly by the

Zeyārid Dynasty, (927–c. 1090), Iranian dynasty that ruled in the Caspian provinces of Gurgān and Māzandarān. The founder of the dynasty was Mardāvīz ebn Zeyār (reigned 927–935), who took advantage of a rebellion in the Sāmānid army of Iran to seize power in northern Iran. He soon expanded his

Mao Dun: …six novels, including Ziye (1933; Midnight), which is commonly considered his representative work, and 16 collections of short stories and prose.

Uzbek literature: The tsarist colonial period: …new generation of Turkic-speaking writers—the Ziyolilar (“Enlighteners”), who counted themselves as Jadid reformers—made major contributions to modern Uzbek literature. These writers include Mahmud Khoja Behbudi, Abdalrauf Fitrat, Abdullah Qadiri, Cholpán (Abdulhamid Sulayman Yunús), Munawwar Qari, and Mannan Ramiz. They were among those writers who at the turn of the 20th…

Atlas Mountains: Resources: …constructed across the Drâa and Ziz watercourses. In Algeria the Kabylie region has been developed with hydroelectric stations on the Agrioun and Djendjene wadis.

wild rice, (genus Zizania), genus of four species of coarse grasses of the family Poaceae, the grain of which is sometimes grown as a delicacy. Despite their name, the plants are not related to true rice (Oryza sativa). Wild rice grows naturally in shallow freshwater marshes and along the shores of

wild rice: Species: …cultivated varieties of wild rice, annual wild rice (Zizania aquatica) and northern wild rice (Z. palustris), are grown on a large scale in constructed paddies in Minnesota, Wisconsin, California, and parts of Canada. These cultivated plants have been bred to ripen simultaneously, allowing for their harvest with combines.

wild rice: Species: The single Asian species, Manchurian wild rice (Z. latifolia), is cultivated as a vegetable in eastern Asia but is not important as a grain crop.

wild rice: Species: …wild rice (Zizania aquatica) and northern wild rice (Z. palustris), are grown on a large scale in constructed paddies in Minnesota, Wisconsin, California, and parts of Canada. These cultivated plants have been bred to ripen simultaneously, allowing for their harvest with combines.

Slavoj Žižek is a Slovene philosopher and cultural theorist whose works address themes in psychoanalysis, politics, and popular culture. The broad compass of Žižek’s theorizing, his deliberately provocative style, and his tendency to leaven his works with humour made him a popular figure in the

Sima Guang: …poet who compiled the monumental Zizhi tongjian (“Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government”), a general chronicle of Chinese history from 403 bce to 959 ce, considered one of the finest single historical works in Chinese. Known for his moral uprightness, he was learned in several disciplines and prominent in government.

jujube, either of two species of small spiny trees of the genus Ziziphus (family Rhamnaceae) and their fruit. Jujube fruits are eaten fresh, dried, boiled, stewed, and baked and are used to flavour tea. When made into glacé fruits by boiling in honey and sugar syrup, they resemble Persian dates and

jujube: Most are varieties of the common jujube (Z. jujuba), native to China, where they have been cultivated for more than 4,000 years. This species, 7.6 to 9 metres (25 to 30 feet) high, has alternate, three-veined, elliptical to ovate leaves 2.5 to 7.6 cm (1 to 3 inches) long. The…

lotus: …the Greeks was the species Ziziphus lotus of the buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae), a bush native to southern Europe. It has large fruits containing a mealy substance that can be used for making bread and fermented drinks. In ancient times the fruits were an article of food among the poor, and…

jujube: The Indian, or cottony, jujube (Z. mauritiana) differs from the common jujube in having leaves that are woolly beneath instead of smooth. The fruits are smaller and not so sweet.

Jan, Count Žižka was a military commander and national hero of Bohemia who led the victorious Hussite armies against the German king Sigismund, foreshadowing the revolution of military tactics two centuries later in his introduction of mobile artillery. Žižka grew up at the court of the German king

Zinedine Zidane is a French football (soccer) player who led his country to victories in the 1998 World Cup and the 2000 European Championship. He later found success as a manager. After playing for the junior team US Saint-Henri, Zidane joined Cannes in 1989 and quickly became the focal point of

Ottoman Empire: Mehmed I and Murad II: …finally defeated Hunyadi at the Battle of Zlatica (İzladi) in 1443, the increased influence of the Turkish notables at Murad’s court led the sultan to agree to the Peace of Edirne in 1444. By its terms Serbia regained its autonomy, Hungary kept Walachia and Belgrade, and the Ottomans promised to…

biblical literature: Slavic versions: A new Slovakian version by Stefan Žlatoš and Anton Jan Surjanský was issued at Trnava in 1946.

Zlatoust, city, Chelyabinsk oblast (region), western Russia. It lies on both banks of the Ay River and on the Ufa-Chelyabinsk trunk railway, where river and rail cut through the Urenga Range of the Ural Mountains. In 1754 the Kosotur Iron and Copper Works were established there, and city status was

Zlín, city, south-central Czech Republic, on the Dřevnice River, near its confluence with the Morava River. Gottwaldov was created in 1948 through a merger of several communities surrounding Zlín, a 14th-century village that had grown rapidly after World War I. The consolidated town was named for

zloty, monetary unit of Poland. Each zloty (spelled złoty in Polish) is divided into 100 groszy. The National Bank of Poland has the exclusive right to issue currency in the country. Coins range from 1 groszy to 5 zlotys, and bills are issued in amounts varying between 10 and 200 zlotys. On the

zloty, monetary unit of Poland. Each zloty (spelled złoty in Polish) is divided into 100 groszy. The National Bank of Poland has the exclusive right to issue currency in the country. Coins range from 1 groszy to 5 zlotys, and bills are issued in amounts varying between 10 and 200 zlotys. On the

Ebola: Treatment: …antiviral drug remdesivir (RDV) and ZMapp, a mixture of three antibodies that bind to proteins on ebolaviruses. ZMapp was administered to infected individuals during the 2014–16 outbreak, though its effectiveness was unclear. In trials during the 2018–20 Ebola outbreak, both REGN-EB3 and mAb114 were found to be more effective at…

Sydney Sweeney: Early life and first roles: …in the independent horror film ZMD: Zombies of Mass Destruction (2009), which was filming near her hometown. Her younger brother, Trent, also made an appearance in the film. Sweeney eventually convinced her family to move to Los Angeles so she could pursue an acting career. Her early roles included appearances…

Simone Biles: Senior career: …to accomplish that feat since Kim Zmeskal in 1992. At the 2015 world championships, she completed her hat trick of all-around titles. She also secured the balance beam and floor exercise titles, the bronze medal in vault, and a share of the team title. Those wins brought her career total…

Polish literature: Romanticism: A woman novelist, Narcyza Żmichowska (pseudonym Gabryella), produced Poganka (1846; “The Pagan”), a psychological allegory anticipating 20th-century sensibility in its subtle analysis of feeling. The dominant figure among prose writers was Józef Ignacy Kraszewski, whose output ran into hundreds of volumes of fiction, history, ethnography, criticism, and so…

Oksana Baiul: Early life and 1994 Olympics: …in with her new coach, Galina Zmiyvskaya. With the guidance and support of Zmiyvskaya and fellow figure skater Viktor Petrenko (1992 World and Olympic gold medalist), Baiul began to flourish. She won the World Championships in 1993.

Russia-Ukraine War: The Ukrainian summer counteroffensive and the liberation of Kharkiv oblast: …Russian forces were driven from Snake, or Zmiinyi, Island, a small but strategically important outcropping in the western Black Sea. Located roughly 80 miles (130 km) south of Odesa and just 20 miles (32 km) from the mouth of the Danube River, Snake Island was taken by the Russians in…

Lithuania: Early history: Samogitia (Lithuanian: Žemaitija), lying between Prussia and Livonia, two lands already in the hands of the German Crusading knights, was a particular object of German expansion.

Samuel Zemurray was the longtime president and financial director of United Fruit Company (name changed to United Brands Company in 1970), a preeminent developer of agriculture in 13 nations of the American tropics, responsible for introducing about 30 crops from the Eastern tropics. At 15 Zmuri

Gaius Helvius Cinna: …wrote the mythological epic poem Zmyrna, about the incestuous love of Zmyrna for her father. He was a friend of the poet Catullus. The early Christian-era historians Suetonius, Valerius Maximus, Appian, and Dio Cassius all state that at Caesar’s funeral (44 bc) a certain Helvius Cinna was killed by mistake…

zinc (Zn), chemical element, a low-melting metal of Group 12 (IIb, or zinc group) of the periodic table, that is essential to life and is one of the most widely used metals. Zinc is of considerable commercial importance. atomic number 30 atomic weight 65.39 melting point 420 °C (788 °F) boiling

Znojmo, city, south-central Czech Republic, on the Dyje River, southwest of Brno, near the Austrian border. It originated in the 11th century as a fortified residence and was the stronghold of the Přemyslid princes until the mid-13th century. Many medieval buildings, as well as houses of the

Florian Znaniecki was a Polish-American sociologist whose theoretical and methodological work helped make sociology a distinct academic discipline. He was a pioneer in the field of empirical investigation and was noted as an authority on Polish peasant culture. Znaniecki’s earliest work was as a

Czesław Miłosz: Literary works: …of essays Zniewolony umysł (1953; The Captive Mind), in which he condemns the accommodation of many Polish intellectuals to communism. This theme is also present in his novel Zdobycie władzy (1955; The Seizure of Power). His poetic works are noted for their classical style and their preoccupation with philosophical and…

Znojmo, city, south-central Czech Republic, on the Dyje River, southwest of Brno, near the Austrian border. It originated in the 11th century as a fortified residence and was the stronghold of the Přemyslid princes until the mid-13th century. Many medieval buildings, as well as houses of the

Tanzania: British protectorate: …African population; 10 by the Zanzibar Nationalist Party (ZNP), representing mainly the Zanzibari Arabs; and 3 by the Zanzibar and Pemba People’s Party (ZPPP), an offshoot of the ZNP. The ZNP and the ZPPP combined to form a government with Mohammed Shamte Hamadi as chief minister.

Zenobia was the queen of the Roman colony of Palmyra, in present-day Syria, from 267 or 268 to 272. She conquered several of Rome’s eastern provinces before she was subjugated by the emperor Aurelian (ruled 270–275). Zenobia’s husband, Odaenathus, Rome’s client ruler of Palmyra, had by 267

Alonzo Mourning is an American professional basketball player who was notable for recovering from a kidney transplant to win a National Basketball Association (NBA) championship with the Miami Heat in 2006. Mourning—a centre 6 feet 10 inches (2.08 metres) tall—played collegiate basketball at

Stephen Samuel Wise: …year he helped found the Zionist Organization of America (ZOA), of which he served as president in 1936–38. He also helped found and led the permanent American Jewish Congress and the World Jewish Congress (1936). As a prominent member of the Democratic Party and an acquaintance of President Woodrow Wilson,…

Tanis, ancient city in the Nile River delta, capital of the 14th nome (province) of Lower Egypt and, at one time, of the whole country. The city was important as one of the nearest ports to the Asiatic seaboard. With the decline of Egypt’s Asiatic empire in the late 20th dynasty, the capital was

cnidarian: Annotated classification: Subclass Zoantharia Sea anemones and corals. Six (or multiples of 6) tentacles (rarely branched). Mesenteries commonly arranged hexamerously. Solitary or colonial. Skeletons non-spicular calcareous, horny, or lacking. Usually 2 siphonoglyphs. Order Actiniaria Sea anemones. Solitary or clonal, never colonial; lacking skeleton; with or without basilar muscles.…

zoanthid, any member of the order Zoanthidea, a group of about 300 species of marine animals of the class Anthozoa (phylum Cnidaria) characterized by a polyp (i.e., a cylindrical stalklike structure with a mouth and tentacles at the upper end and attached to a surface at the lower end). The

zoanthid, any member of the order Zoanthidea, a group of about 300 species of marine animals of the class Anthozoa (phylum Cnidaria) characterized by a polyp (i.e., a cylindrical stalklike structure with a mouth and tentacles at the upper end and attached to a surface at the lower end). The

zoanthid, any member of the order Zoanthidea, a group of about 300 species of marine animals of the class Anthozoa (phylum Cnidaria) characterized by a polyp (i.e., a cylindrical stalklike structure with a mouth and tentacles at the upper end and attached to a surface at the lower end). The

eelpout: …eggs; others, including the abundant European eelpout, or viviparous blenny (Zoarces viviparus), give birth to live young.

eelpout, any of more than 250 species of elongated marine fishes of the family Zoarcidae, found in cold waters and abundant in Arctic and Antarctic regions. Eelpouts are thick-lipped, eel-shaped fishes with the dorsal and anal fins connected around the end of the tail and with small pelvic fins

perciform: Annotated classification: Suborder Zoarcoidei (northern blennies) Eel-like fishes; single pair of nostrils; dorsal and anal fins long-based and often joined to caudal fin; pelvic fins placed a little before pectoral fins, consisting of 1 spine and fewer than 4 rays; bottom-dwelling fishes usually of littoral zone, some supralittoral;…

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising: A newly formed group, the Jewish Fighting Organization (Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa; ŻOB), slowly took effective control of the ghetto.

New Madrid earthquakes of 1811–12: Possible causes of the New Madrid earthquakes: In 2001 American geophysicist Mark Zoback suggested that the earthquakes were caused by fault movement precipitated by the continued release of stress at the surface from the retreat of glaciers. He noted that the weight of the southern edge of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, which terminated in northern Illinois…

Rābiḥ az-Zubayr: …the military service of az-Zubayr Pasha, a Sudanese prince. Rābiḥ was loyal and capable, and he rose to a position of command. When in 1878 az-Zubayr rebelled against the Egyptian administration of the Sudan, Rābiḥ gave him loyal support. Az-Zubayr, however, was defeated, and rather than surrender, as did…

mappō: …“copied law” (Sanskrit pratirupadharma, Japanese zōbō); and the age of the “latter law,” or the “degeneration of the law” (Sanskrit pashchimadharma, Japanese mappō). A new period, in which the true faith will again flower, will be ushered in some time in the future by the bodhisattva (“buddha-to-be”) Maitreya (Japanese Miroku).

Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School District, case in which the U.S. Supreme Court on June 18, 1993, ruled (5–4) that under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), a public school board was required to provide the on-site services of a sign-language interpreter to a

Mexico City: City layout: …city is the enormous concrete-covered Plaza de la Constitución, or Zócalo, the largest public square in Latin America. At its edges stand the Metropolitan Cathedral (north), National Palace (east), Municipal Palace, or city hall (south), and an antique line of arcaded shops (west). A few blocks to the west is…

lokapāla: Virūpākṣa (west).

zodiac, a belt of 12 constellations around the sky through which the Sun, the Moon, and the naked-eye planets move as seen from Earth. In astrology the outcome of an event (most notably, someone’s birth) is affected by the zodiacal positions of the Sun, the Moon, and the planets when that event

David Fincher: …until Fincher’s next feature film, Zodiac (2007), which recounted the murders of the Zodiac killer and the ultimately futile attempt to capture him; it starred Jake Gyllenhaal, Robert Downey, Jr., and Mark Ruffalo. A marked departure from his previous films, Zodiac contains little of his signature dark colour palette, gloomy…

Zodiac killer, is an unidentified American serial killer who is believed to have murdered at least five people in northern California between 1968 and 1969. An earlier murder, the stabbing death of an 18-year-old college student in Riverside, California, in 1966, is also sometimes attributed to the

astronomical map: The decans: The Zodiac of Dandarah illustrates the Egyptian decans and constellations, but since it incorporates the Babylonian zodiac as well, many stars must be doubly represented, and the stone can hardly be considered an accurate mapping of the heavens.

You probably already know what your zodiac sign is. For example, if you were born between March 21 and April 19, your sign is Aries, the ram. But that’s not the whole astrological story, as the interactive above shows. When you enter the date, time, and location of your birth, the interactive

Mary Lou Williams: …many large compositions, the 12-movement Zodiac Suite. The movement “Capricorn” was created for dancer Pearl Primus, who, like Williams, performed at Cafe Society. Dancer Katherine Dunham later choreographed a dance piece to the “Scorpio” movement. Williams moved to Europe in 1952 and performed in Paris and London. In 1954 she…

zodiacal light, band of light in the night sky, thought to be sunlight reflected from cometary dust concentrated in the plane of the zodiac, or ecliptic. The light is seen in the west after twilight and in the east before dawn, being easily visible in the tropics where the ecliptic is approximately

astronomical map: The ecliptic system: Celestial longitude and latitude are defined with respect to the ecliptic and ecliptic poles. Celestial longitude is measured eastward from the ascending intersection of the ecliptic with the equator, a position known as the “first point of Aries,” and the place of the…

Zoe was a Byzantine empress, by marriage from 1028 and in her own right from 1042. The daughter of the emperor Constantine VIII, Zoe was married to the heir presumptive, Romanus III Argyrus, in 1028 and became empress consort upon his elevation to the throne the same year. She became self-assertive

Zoe was a Byzantine empress, by marriage from 1028 and in her own right from 1042. The daughter of the emperor Constantine VIII, Zoe was married to the heir presumptive, Romanus III Argyrus, in 1028 and became empress consort upon his elevation to the throne the same year. She became self-assertive