Nevinnomyssk, city, Stavropol kray (territory), western Russia, on the Kuban River at the mouth of the Bolshoy (Great) Zelenchuk River. Until the mid-1950s it was an agricultural market town, but in 1962 a chemical complex utilizing nearby natural gas reserves was constructed. A fertilizer plant

Allan Nevins was an American historian, author, and educator, known especially for his eight-volume history of the American Civil War and his biographies of American political and industrial figures. He also established the country’s first oral history program. Nevins was raised on a farm in

MacDowell: …founded in 1907 by pianist Marian Nevins MacDowell (1857–1956) and her husband, composer Edward Alexander MacDowell (1860–1908), at their summer home in Peterborough, New Hampshire. They had found inspiration in the wooded setting and envisaged a sanctuary for other creative artists.

John Nevison was a Yorkshire highwayman of Restoration England, made famous in ballads and folklore. Beginning as a youthful thief, Nevison furthered his escapades in Holland, where he was arrested for thievery and imprisoned, escaped, fought with English regiments in Flanders, and then deserted

John Nevison was a Yorkshire highwayman of Restoration England, made famous in ballads and folklore. Beginning as a youthful thief, Nevison furthered his escapades in Holland, where he was arrested for thievery and imprisoned, escaped, fought with English regiments in Flanders, and then deserted

John Nevison was a Yorkshire highwayman of Restoration England, made famous in ballads and folklore. Beginning as a youthful thief, Nevison furthered his escapades in Holland, where he was arrested for thievery and imprisoned, escaped, fought with English regiments in Flanders, and then deserted

Saint Kitts and Nevis: Land: …almost entirely of a mountain, Nevis Peak (3,232 feet [985 metres]), which is flanked by the lower Round Hill (1,014 feet [309 metres]) on the north and by Saddle Hill (1,850 feet [564 metres]) on the south. Its area is 36 square miles (93 square km). The soil of Nevis…

John Nevison was a Yorkshire highwayman of Restoration England, made famous in ballads and folklore. Beginning as a youthful thief, Nevison furthered his escapades in Holland, where he was arrested for thievery and imprisoned, escaped, fought with English regiments in Flanders, and then deserted

John Nevison was a Yorkshire highwayman of Restoration England, made famous in ballads and folklore. Beginning as a youthful thief, Nevison furthered his escapades in Holland, where he was arrested for thievery and imprisoned, escaped, fought with English regiments in Flanders, and then deserted

Emma Southworth was one of the most popular of the 19th-century American sentimental novelists. For more than 50 years, her sentimental domestic novels reached a wide audience in the United States and Europe. After teaching school for five years, Emma Nevitte married Frederick Southworth, an

Neviʾim, the second division of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament, the other two being the Torah (the Law) and the Ketuvim (the Writings, or the Hagiographa). In the Hebrew canon the Prophets are divided into (1) the Former Prophets (Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings) and (2) the Latter Prophets

Vladimir Bekhterev: Bekhterev founded the Nevrologichesky Vestnik (“Neurology Journal”), the first Russian journal on nervous diseases, in 1896. His insistence on a purely objective approach to the study of behaviour and his conviction that complex behaviours could be explained through the study of reflexes influenced the growing behaviourist movement of…

Saab AB: …purchased by the start-up company National Electric Vehicle Sweden (NEVS).

Nevşehir, city, central Turkey. It lies on the lower slopes of a hill crowned by a ruined citadel dating from the Seljuq period. Other monuments include the mosque Kurşunlu Cami, with its attached madrasah (religious school), hospice, and library, built in the early 18th century by Damad İbrahim

Ahmed Nedim: …of the grand vizier, Nevsheherli İbrahim Paşa, received an appointment as a librarian. Later, he became the Sultan’s close friend—thus his name Nedim, meaning Boon Companion. He lived during the Tulip Age (Lâle Devri) of Ottoman history, in the reign of Sultan Ahmed III (1703–30), so called because a fad…

Nikolay Gogol: Mature career: In another, “Nevsky prospekt” (“Nevsky Prospect”), a tragic romantic dreamer is contrasted to an adventurous vulgarian, while in the revised finale of “Portret” (“The Portrait”) the author stresses his conviction that evil is ineradicable in this world. In 1836 Gogol published in Pushkin’s Sovremennik (“The Contemporary”) one…

Nikolay Gogol: Mature career: In another, “Nevsky prospekt” (“Nevsky Prospect”), a tragic romantic dreamer is contrasted to an adventurous vulgarian, while in the revised finale of “Portret” (“The Portrait”) the author stresses his conviction that evil is ineradicable in this world. In 1836 Gogol published in Pushkin’s Sovremennik (“The Contemporary”) one…

St. Petersburg: Admiralty Side: …and best known is the Nevsky. One of the world’s great thoroughfares, Nevsky Prospekt cuts southeastward across the peninsula formed by the northward loop of the Neva to the vicinity of the Alexander Nevsky Abbey, crossing the smaller Moyka and Fontanka rivers. The Anichkov Bridge across the latter is graced…

Saint Alexander Nevsky ; canonized in Russian Church 1547; feast days November 23, August 30) was a prince of Novgorod (1236–52) and of Kiev (1246–52) and grand prince of Vladimir (1252–63), who halted the eastward drive of the Germans and Swedes but collaborated with the Mongols in imposing their

nevus, congenital skin lesion, or birthmark, caused by abnormal pigmentation or by proliferation of blood vessels and other dermal or epidermal structures. Nevi may be raised or may spread along the surface of the skin. In other types, such as the blue nevus, proliferative tissue is buried deep

Paul McCartney: Wings and solo career: … (2005), Memory Almost Full (2007), New (2013), and Egypt Station, which debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 chart in September 2018.

the Strokes: The Strokes’ sixth studio album, The New Abnormal (2020), produced by Rick Rubin, was hailed as a return to form and generally won positive reviews.

Acropolis Museum, museum in Athens, Greece, housing the archaeological remains of the ancient Acropolis site. The original Acropolis Museum was founded in 1865 and opened in a building on the archaeological site in 1874. To accommodate the growing collection of discoveries, the museum constructed

New Administrative Capital (NAC), city, Al-Qāhirah muḥāfaẓah (governorate), Egypt. It is located on the outskirts of Cairo and is being built with the intent of serving as the country’s capital. The project was announced in 2015 by Pres. Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, with construction beginning the

Colleen Hoover: Blockbuster books: It Ends with Us, It Starts with Us, and Verity: …establish a category known as new adult fiction. Such works typically center on twentysomethings trying to navigate the adult world, with romantic relationships being a key element. Some, however, claimed that Hoover was a genre unto herself. Her success—in part due to devoted fans known as CoHorts—allowed Hoover to pursue…

R.E.M.: Soon after the release of New Adventures in Hi-Fi in 1996, drummer Berry, who had suffered health problems, left the band. With his departure R.E.M. again reinvented its sound with Up (1998), an adventurous album of sonic experimentation. The band continued to perform and record together into the 2000s—releasing Reveal…

James Hong: Career: …the crime drama TV series The New Adventures of Charlie Chan (1957–58) as Barry Chan, the titular character’s son. The role of Charlie Chan was played by a white actor, J. Carrol Naish, who taped his eyelids in a crude imitation of a Chinese man. As Hong later recalled, Naish,…

He-Man and the Masters of the Universe: Film and TV adaptations: …by a TV series called The New Adventures of He-Man (1990–91), set on a different planet with new characters. Neither the toy line nor the series was successful. After a gap of more than a decade, yet another series called He-Man and the Masters of the Universe was released in…

Julia Louis-Dreyfus: TV stardom: Seinfeld, The New Adventures of Old Christine, and Veep: …claimed the title role in The New Adventures of Old Christine (2006–10) as a single mother who manages to maintain a friendly relationship with her former husband; she won the 2006 Emmy for outstanding lead actress in a comedy series. In 2010 Louis-Dreyfus earned a star on Hollywood’s Walk of…

New Age movement, movement that spread through the occult and metaphysical religious communities in the 1970s and ʾ80s. It looked forward to a “New Age” of love and light and offered a foretaste of the coming era through personal transformation and healing. Peruvian-born anthropologist and writer

Alfred Richard Orage: …joint editor in 1907 of The New Age, a periodical of which from 1909 on he was the sole editor and dominant spirit. The New Age became a forum for the views of progressive journalists and published the work of many writers who later became famous. A diverse corps of…

Democratic Left (DL), short-lived socialist party, organized in both Northern Ireland and the Irish republic, that broke away from the Workers’ Party in 1992 and went on to serve in the government of the Irish republic between 1994 and 1997. In 1999 the party was incorporated into the Labour Party,

New Albany, city, seat (1819) of Floyd county, southeastern Indiana, U.S. It lies along the Ohio River (bridged) opposite Louisville, Kentucky. It was founded in 1813 by Joel, Abner, and Nathaniel Scribner, who named the settlement for Albany, New York. By the 1840s and early ’50s, New Albany had

Beloit, city, Rock county, southern Wisconsin, U.S. It lies along the Illinois state line at the confluence of the Rock River and Turtle Creek, about 15 miles (25 km) south of Janesville. The area had recently been inhabited by Ho-Chunk Nation (Winnebago) Indians when the first permanent settler,

biblical literature: Mid-20th-century Roman Catholic versions: …was later issued as the New American Bible (1970). Another, more colloquial modern version is the Jerusalem Bible (1966), translated from the French Catholic Bible de Jérusalem (one-volume edition, 1961). An updated translation, The New Jerusalem Bible, was published in 1985. Both Anglicized and American Catholic versions of the New…

Nathaniel Bowditch: …that in 1802 he published The New American Practical Navigator, based on Moore’s book, which was adopted by the U.S. Department of the Navy and went through some 60 editions.

Erykah Badu: In 2008 she released New Amerykah, Part One: 4th World War, a bass-heavy album that blended elements of funk with Badu’s socially aware lyrics. A flurry of publicity greeted New Amerykah, Part Two: Return of the Ankh upon its release in 2010. The controversial video for that album’s first…

Erykah Badu: A flurry of publicity greeted New Amerykah, Part Two: Return of the Ankh upon its release in 2010. The controversial video for that album’s first single, “Window Seat,” featured Badu completely disrobing while she walked through Dealey Plaza in downtown Dallas, the site of the assassination of U.S. Pres. John…

New York City, city and port located at the mouth of the Hudson River, southeastern New York state, northeastern U.S. It is the largest and most influential American metropolis, encompassing Manhattan and Staten islands, the western sections of Long Island, and a small portion of the New York state

New Amsterdam, town, northeastern Guyana. It lies along the Berbice River near the point at which the latter empties into the Atlantic Ocean. Built in 1740 by the Dutch and first named Fort Sint Andries, it was made seat of the Dutch colonial government in 1790; in 1803 it was taken over by the

Francis Ysidro Edgeworth: …questions, but his first work, New and Old Methods of Ethics (1877), depended so heavily on mathematical techniques—especially the calculus of variations—that the book may have deterred otherwise interested readers. His most famous work, Mathematical Psychics (1881), presented his new ideas on the generalized utility function, the indifference curve, and…

Nelson Algren: …proletarian novelist Jack Conroy the New Anvil, a magazine dedicated to the publication of experimental and leftist writing.

English literature: The literature of World War II (1939–45): …although the poets of the New Apocalypse movement produced three anthologies (1940–45) inspired by Neoromantic anarchism. No important new novelists or playwrights appeared. In fact, the best fiction about wartime—Evelyn Waugh’s Put Out More Flags (1942), Henry Green’s Caught (1943), James Hanley’s No Directions (1943), Patrick Hamilton’s The Slaves of…

New Apostolic Church, church organized in Germany in 1863 as the Universal Catholic Church, by members of the Catholic Apostolic Church who believed that new apostles must be appointed to replace deceased apostles and rule the church until the Second Coming of Christ. The present name was adopted

Lewis R. Binford: …be known as the “New Archaeology,” which champions the use of quantitative methods and the practice of archaeology as a rigorous science. He applied the new methodology in an influential study of Mousterian artifacts and later extended it to a study of the hunting activities of a living people,…

architecture: Venustas: …expressed by Walter Gropius in The New Architecture and the Bauhaus when he wrote in 1935:

University of Delaware, public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Newark, Del., U.S. It also offers courses at other sites, including Wilmington, Dover, Georgetown, and Lewes. The university consists of seven colleges offering a curriculum in the arts, sciences, agriculture, business,

Lope de Vega: Works of Lope de Vega: …key to his plays, the Arte nuevo de hacer comedias en este tiempo. This verse apology rested on the sound Aristotelian principle that the dramatist’s first duty is to hold and satisfy his audience: the comedia, he says in effect, had developed in response to what the Spanish public demanded…

Neue Künstlervereinigung (NKV), exhibiting group founded in Munich, Germany, in 1909 by Wassily Kandinsky, Alexey von Jawlensky, Gabriele Münter, and numerous others who were united by opposition to the official art of Munich rather than by similarity of style. The group held its first exhibition

Bandung Conference: …and Bandung to launch the New Asian-African Strategic Partnership (NAASP). They pledged to promote political, economic, and cultural cooperation between the two continents.

political science: Developments in the United States: Merriam, whose New Aspects of Politics (1925) argued for a reconstruction of method in political analysis, urged the greater use of statistics in the aid of empirical observation and measurement, and postulated that “intelligent social control”—a concept reminiscent of the old Comtean positivism—might emerge from the converging…

Ashurnasirpal II: …to the establishment of the New Assyrian empire. Although, by his own testimony, he was a brilliant general and administrator, he is perhaps best known for the brutal frankness with which he described the atrocities committed on his captives. The details of his reign are known almost entirely from his…

Richard Dawkins: …to foster the acceptance of atheism and championed scientific answers to existential questions. Along with fellow atheists Christopher Hitchens, Sam Harris, and Daniel C. Dennett, he embarked on a campaign of lectures and public debates proselytizing and defending a secular worldview. Dawkins launched the Out Campaign in 2007 in order…

Francis Bacon: The new method: …Bacon developed in his utopia, The New Atlantis, may be a more important contribution to science than his theory of induction. Here the idea of science as a collaborative undertaking, conducted in an impersonally methodical fashion and animated by the intention to give material benefits to mankind, is set out…

Brethren, group of Protestant churches that trace their origin to Schwarzenau, Hesse, where in 1708 a group of seven persons under the leadership of Alexander Mack (1679–1735) formed a brotherhood dedicated to following the commandments of Jesus Christ. The brotherhood was shaped by three

Hackensack, city, seat (1713) of Bergen county, northeastern New Jersey, U.S., on the Hackensack River, just west of the Hudson River and Manhattan Island, New York City. Originally settled by the Dutch in the 1640s, who called it New Barbadoes, it was taken by the English in 1688 but retained its

Christopher Anstey: The New Bath Guide; or, Memoirs of the B—R—D Family (1766) is a satire on various aspects of Bath life.

Bauhaus: …New Bauhaus (later renamed the Institute of Design) in Chicago in 1937, the same year in which Gropius was appointed chairman of the Harvard School of Architecture. A year later Mies moved to Chicago to head the department of architecture at the Illinois Institute of Technology (then known as the…

F.R. Leavis: In New Bearings in English Poetry (1932) he attacked English late Victorian poetry and proclaimed the importance of the work of T.S. Eliot, Ezra Pound, and Gerard Manley Hopkins, emphasizing wit and the play of intellect rather than late-Romantic sensuousness. In Revaluation: Tradition and Development in…

New Bedford, city, Bristol county, southeastern Massachusetts, U.S. It lies at the mouth of the Acushnet River on Buzzards Bay, 54 miles (87 km) south of Boston. The site, settled by Plymouth colonists in 1652, was originally part of Dartmouth. A fishing community was established there in 1760. By

Belgrade: A new district called New Belgrade (Novi Beograd) has been built on the plain west of the old city, between the Sava and Danube rivers. The old fortress of Kalemegdan is now a historical monument; its former glacis has been rebuilt as a garden, from which is seen a…

New Bern, city, seat (1722) of Craven county, eastern North Carolina, U.S. It lies at the confluence of the Neuse and Trent rivers, about 35 miles (55 km) northeast of Jacksonville. The second oldest town in North Carolina, New Bern was settled in 1710 by Freiherr (baron) Christophe von Graffenried

Burlington, city, Burlington county, western New Jersey, U.S. It lies along the Delaware River (bridged), opposite Bristol, Pennsylvania. Settled (1677) by Quakers, it was known as New Beverly, then Bridlington (for a village in Yorkshire, England), and later Burlington (an alternate spelling of

Bian Canal: … (581–618) began construction of the New Bian Canal in 605. It followed the old canal as far as Shangqiu but then flowed southeastward through Yongcheng (Henan) and Suxian (Anhui) to Sihong (Jiangsu), where it joined the Huai above Hongze Lake in Jiangsu, which was considerably smaller in the 7th century.…

Bian Canal: …another waterway, also called the New Bian Canal, was built as part of the water conservancy project for the Huai River basin. Construction of the New Bian Canal began in 1966 and was completed in 1970 and engaged the efforts of some 450,000 labourers. About 250 km (155 miles) long,…

Virginia Woolf: Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse, A Room of One’s Own and other major works of Virginia Woolf: …Art of Fiction” and “The New Biography,” she wrote that fiction writers should be less concerned with naive notions of reality and more with language and design. However restricted by fact, she argued, biographers should yoke truth with imagination, “granite-like solidity” with “rainbow-like intangibility.” Their relationship having cooled by…

Black Panther Party: Legacy: …chapters and eventually became the New Black Panther Party, under the leadership of community activist Aaron Michaels. By 1998, Khallid Abdul Muhammad, the former national spokesperson for the Chicago-based Nation of Islam, had assumed the de facto leadership of the organization when he led a group of shotgun- and rifle-toting…

Charles Correa: …planner, creating New Bombay (now Navi Mumbai), an urban area that provided housing and job opportunities for many who lived across the harbour from the original city. When designing in the midst of overpopulated cities, he tried to create quasi-rural housing environments, as is evident in his low-cost Belapur housing…

New Braunfels, city, seat (1846) of Comal county and also partly in Guadalupe county, south-central Texas, U.S. It lies on the Balcones Escarpment at a point where the Comal River (3 miles [5 km] long and within city limits) flows into the Guadalupe River, 30 miles (50 km) northeast of San Antonio.

Amelung glass: …American promoters, Amelung founded the New Bremen Glassmanufactory near Frederick, Md., U.S., and attempted to establish a self-sufficient community, importing glassworkers and other craftsmen from Germany. The enterprise was encouraged by such men as George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Benjamin Franklin, and in 1789 a duty on window and other…

New Britain, city, coextensive with the town (township) of New Britain, Hartford county, central Connecticut, U.S. Settled as the Stanley Quarter to the north in 1686 and followed later by the Great Swamp settlement to the south, the area became the New Britain parish of Farmington in 1754. In 1785

New Britain, largest island of the Bismarck Archipelago, in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, in Papua New Guinea. It is situated 55 miles (88 km) east of the Huon Peninsula of eastern mainland New Guinea. Measuring about 370 miles (600 km) long by 50 miles (80 km) at its widest, the crescent-shaped

Central Connecticut State University, public, coeducational institution of higher learning in New Britain, Conn., U.S. It is one of four universities in the Connecticut State University system. The university includes schools of business, technology, arts and sciences, and education and

Australia: Strains of modern radicalism: …(notably Humphrey McQueen in his A New Britannia, first published in 1970) saw the nation as ever dominated by petty bourgeois standards—mean, acquisitive, racist, and authoritarian. Many earlier commentators had perceived such traits, but now they were attacked with more fundamental repugnance. The dismissal of Whitlam in 1975 encouraged the…

science fiction: Space travel: …is the signature of the New British Science Fiction, the first SF literary movement of the 21st century. Introverted postimperial insularity had long characterized British science fiction, but in the 21st century a cluster of writers—including Iain M. Banks, Stephen Baxter, Justina Robson, Peter F. Hamilton, Charles Stross, and Ken…

New Brunswick, city, seat of Middlesex county, eastern New Jersey, U.S. It lies on the Raritan River, at the terminus of the old Delaware and Raritan Canal, 21 miles (33 km) south-southwest of Newark. The site, first known as Prigmore’s Swamp, was settled in 1681 by John Inian. Called Inian’s Ferry

New Brunswick, Canadian province located on the eastern seaboard of the North American continent. It is Canada’s only officially bilingual province, French and English having equal status. It was one of the four original provinces making up the national confederation in 1867. Together with Nova

American arborvitae, (Thuja occidentalis), ornamental and timber evergreen conifer of the cypress family (Cupressaceae), native to eastern North America. In the lumber trade it is called, among other names, white cedar, eastern white cedar, and New Brunswick cedar. Often 20 m (65 feet) tall, the

Following the establishment of the Dominion of Canada, Queen Victoria signed a royal warrant on May 26, 1868, designating coats of arms for the four original provinces—Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick. The golden lion on red in the New Brunswick coat of arms may refer to the arms of

University of New Brunswick, Canadian public university in Fredericton, founded in 1785. It has faculties of administration, arts, computer science, education, engineering, forestry, graduate studies, law, nursing, physical education, science, and business and additional programs in business,

Brutalism, term used to describe the architectural style that emerged in the mid-20th century, characterized by raw concrete, bold geometric forms, and a utilitarian aesthetic. Originating from the modernist movement, Brutalism was influenced by the postwar need for affordable, functional buildings

New Caledonia, French unique collectivity in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, about 900 miles (1,500 km) east of Australia. It includes the island of New Caledonia (the Grande Terre [Mainland]), where the capital, Nouméa, is located; the Loyalty Islands; the Bélep Islands; and the Île des Pins.

New Caledonia, largest island of the French unique collectivity of New Caledonia, in the southwestern Pacific Ocean 750 miles (1,200 km) east of Australia. Also known as Grande Terre (Mainland), it is approximately 250 miles (400 km) long and 25 miles (40 km) wide. From its coast, the island of New

crow: Two species—the New Caledonian crow (C. moneduloides) and the ‘alalā, or Hawaiian crow (C. hawaiiensis)—use stick-type foraging tools to obtain food from small holes and crevices. Also, at least one species, the carrion crow (C. corone) has the ability to distinguish between regular and irregular geometric shapes.…

Cartagena, port city, in the provincia (province) and comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Murcia, southeastern Spain. It is the site of Spain’s chief Mediterranean naval base. Its harbour, the finest on the east coast, is a deep spacious bay dominated to seaward by four hills crowned with

Georges Eekhoud: …novel, La nouvelle Carthage (1888; The New Carthage), set in Antwerp, is saved only by the brilliance of its various episodes.

New Castile, historic provincial region, central upland Spain. It generally includes the area of the Moorish kingdom of Toledo annexed to the former kingdom of Castile in the 11th century ad. In modern Spanish geographic usage, New Castile as an administrative region included the provinces of

New Castle, city, seat (1821) of Henry county, eastern Indiana, U.S. It lies along the Blue River, 50 miles (80 km) east of Indianapolis. It was founded in 1820 and named by Ezekiel Leavell for his hometown in Kentucky, and it was incorporated in 1839. In 1900 a decade of expansion began when

New Castle, city, seat (1849) of Lawrence county, western Pennsylvania, U.S. It lies at the juncture of the Shenango and Mahoning rivers and Neshannock Creek and in the foothills of the Allegheny Mountains, 20 miles (32 km) southeast of Youngstown, Ohio. Originally the site of a Delaware Indian

New Castle, city, New Castle county, northern Delaware, U.S. It is just south of Wilmington on the Delaware River, there linked to New Jersey by the twin spans of the Delaware Memorial Bridge. The original settlement, called Santhoeck, was established in 1651, when Peter Stuyvesant, the Dutch

railroad: Source in inland water transport: …the high-pressure engine on a car with wheels set to operate on the rails of a cast-iron tramroad located at Pen-y-Darren, Wales.

Delaware: …three counties—from north to south, New Castle, Kent, and Sussex—all established by 1682. Its population, like its industry, is concentrated in the north, around Wilmington, where the major coastal highways and railways pass through from Pennsylvania and New Jersey on the north and east into Maryland on the

10 Tallest Churches in the World: New Linz Cathedral: 443 feet (135 meters): New Linz Cathedral was built between 1862 and 1924 in an elaborate Neo-Gothic style. It is the largest church in Austria, but its spire was intentionally kept slightly shorter than that of St. Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna so as to not surpass the capital’s great…

Robert Peel: Early political career: …with the formation of the Catholic Association. Its growing strength culminated in the victory of Daniel O’Connell, the Irish “Liberator,” at a by-election for County Clare in 1828. Convinced that further resistance was useless, Peel proffered his resignation and urged the prime minister to make a final settlement of the…

encyclopaedia: The 20th century and beyond: …major instances of coproduction involved The New Caxton Encyclopedia, which originated in Italy with Istituto Geografico de Agostini and subsequently appeared in Great Britain, first sold in serial parts as Purnell’s New English Encyclopedia (1966) and then in a bound set of 18 volumes (1966); in France there appeared a…

Silvio Berlusconi: Prosecutions, political ban, and continued influence of Silvio Berlusconi: …Angelino Alfano to become the New Centre Right (Nuovo Centrodestra; NCD) party.

anarchism: Anarchism in China: …World Association published a journal, The New Century, that was a major source of information in Chinese on anarchist theory and the European anarchist movement. The journal promoted an individualistic and “futuristic” anarchism and was among the first Chinese-language publications to openly attack native traditions, in particular Confucianism. The Society…

Chaobai River, river in Hebei province and Beijing and Tianjin municipalities, northern China. The Chaobai originates in metropolitan Beijing at the confluence of its two main tributaries, the Chao and Bai ("White") rivers, about 2 miles (3 km) south of the town of Miyun and 10 miles (16 km) south

Xinhua News Agency, news agency of China, founded in 1931 as the press outlet of the Chinese Communist Party. It was first set up in the Red Army-controlled area in Jiangxi province and in the mid-1930s was moved to Yan’an. The agency is now headquartered in Beijing and has offices around the

Marrano, in Spanish history, a Jew who converted to the Christian faith to escape persecution but who continued to practice Judaism secretly. It was a term of abuse and also applies to any descendants of Marranos. The origin of the word marrano is uncertain. In the late 14th century, Spanish Jewry