Humanities, SAI-TEX
The humanities are those branches of knowledge that concern themselves with human beings and their culture. The humanities include the study of all languages and literatures, the arts, history, and philosophy.
Humanities Encyclopedia Articles By Title
Saint-Saëns, Camille
Camille Saint-Saëns was a composer chiefly remembered for his symphonic poems—the first of that genre to be written......
Sainte-Beuve, Charles Augustin
Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve was a French literary historian and critic, noted for applying historical frames......
Salmasius, Claudius
Claudius Salmasius was a French classical scholar who, by his scholarship and judgment, acquired great contemporary......
Salutati, Coluccio
Coluccio Salutati was a Humanist and Florentine chancellor. In his youth in Bologna he took up the study of law......
Santillana, Iñigo López de Mendoza, marqués de
Iñigo López de Mendoza, marquis de Santillana was a Spanish poet and Humanist who was one of the great literary......
Sapir, Edward
Edward Sapir was one of the foremost American linguists and anthropologists of his time, most widely known for......
Sarah Lawrence College
Sarah Lawrence College, Private liberal arts college in Bronxville, N.Y. It was founded as a women’s college in......
Sargeant, Winthrop
Winthrop Sargeant was an influential American music critic noted for his fine writing and conservative tastes.......
Saubel, Katherine Siva
Katherine Siva Saubel was a Native American scholar and educator committed to preserving her Cahuilla culture and......
Sauer, Carl O
Carl O. Sauer was an American geographer who was an authority on desert studies, tropical areas, the human geography......
Saussure, Ferdinand de
Ferdinand de Saussure was a Swiss linguist whose ideas on structure in language laid the foundation for much of......
Sayce, Archibald H.
Archibald H. Sayce was a British language scholar whose many valuable contributions to ancient Middle Eastern linguistic......
Schapera, Isaac
Isaac Schapera was a South African social anthropologist known for his detailed ethnographic and typological work......
Schenker, Heinrich
Heinrich Schenker was an Austrian music theorist whose insights into the structural hierarchies underlying much......
Schleicher, August
August Schleicher was a German linguist whose work in comparative linguistics was a summation of the achievements......
Schmidt, Wilhelm
Wilhelm Schmidt was a German anthropologist and Roman Catholic priest who led the influential cultural-historical......
Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe
Henry Rowe Schoolcraft was an American explorer and ethnologist noted for his discovery of the source of the Mississippi......
Schrieke, Bertram
Bertram Schrieke was a Dutch social anthropologist known for his critical analyses of early Indonesian economic......
Schuller, Gunther
Gunther Schuller was an American composer, performer, conductor, teacher, and writer noted for his wide range of......
Scott, Joan Wallach
Joan Wallach Scott is an American historian, best known for her pioneering contributions to the study of French......
Scylax Of Caryanda
Scylax Of Caryanda was an ancient Greek explorer who was a pioneer in geography and the first Western observer......
seal
seal, in documentation, an impression made by the impact of a hard engraved surface on a softer material such as......
Seligman, C.G.
C.G. Seligman was a pioneer in British anthropology who conducted significant field research in Melanesia, Ceylon......
Semantics
Semantics, the philosophical and scientific study of meaning in natural and artificial languages. The term is one......
Semiotics
Semiotics, the study of signs and sign-using behaviour. It was defined by one of its founders, the Swiss linguist......
Semple, Ellen Churchill
Ellen Churchill Semple was an American geographer known for promoting the view that the physical environment determines......
Service, Elman Rogers
Elman Rogers Service was an American anthropological theorist of cultural evolution and formulator of the nomenclature......
Sessions, Roger
Roger Sessions was an American composer of symphonic and instrumental music who played a leading part in educating......
sexology
sexology, interdisciplinary science that focuses on diverse aspects of human sexual behavior and sexuality, including......
Seyfried, Ignaz Xaver, Ritter von
Ignaz Xaver, Ritter von Seyfried was an Austrian musician who composed more than 100 stage works and much instrumental......
Shaw, George Bernard
George Bernard Shaw was an Irish comic dramatist, literary critic, and socialist propagandist, winner of the Nobel......
Sheed, Wilfrid
...
Shitao
Shitao was a Chinese painter and theoretician who was, with Zhu Da, one of the most famous of the Individualist......
Shrewsbury School
Shrewsbury School, in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, one of the major public (privately endowed) schools in England, founded......
Sibbald, Sir Robert
Sir Robert Sibbald was a Scottish physician and antiquarian, who became the first professor of medicine at the......
sigillography
sigillography, the study of seals. A sealing is the impression made by the impact of a hard engraved surface on......
Signac, Paul
Paul Signac was a French painter who, with Georges Seurat, developed the technique called pointillism. When he......
Siklós, Albert
Albert Siklós was a Hungarian cellist, composer, and musicologist. Siklós began composing at the age of six and......
Simon, Herbert A.
Herbert A. Simon was an American social scientist known for his contributions to a number of fields, including......
Simpson, Christopher
Christopher Simpson was an English composer, teacher, theorist, and one of the great virtuoso players in the history......
Siskel, Gene
Gene Siskel was an American journalist and film critic for the Chicago Tribune who became one of the most-influential......
Sitwell, Sir Sacheverell, 6th Baronet
Sir Sacheverell Sitwell, 6th Baronet was an English poet and critic, the younger brother of the poets and essayists......
Skeat, Walter William
Walter William Skeat was a British ethnographer of the Malay Peninsula whose detailed works laid the foundation......
Skinner, Quentin
Quentin Skinner is a British historian of modern political thought, best known for his work on the methodology......
Slonimsky, Nicolas
Nicolas Slonimsky was a Russian-born U.S. musicologist, conductor, and composer. He left the Soviet Union after......
Smith College
Smith College, liberal arts college for women in Northampton, Massachusetts, U.S. One of the Seven Sisters schools,......
Smith, Erminnie Adele Platt
Erminnie Adele Platt Smith was an American anthropologist who was the first woman to specialize in ethnographic......
Smith, Harry
Harry Smith was an American filmmaker, painter, musicologist, ethnographer, collector, and mystic. Smith is best......
Smith, William Robertson
William Robertson Smith was a Scottish Semitic scholar, encyclopaedist, and student of comparative religion and......
Snow, C.P.
C.P. Snow was a British novelist, scientist, and government administrator. Snow was graduated from Leicester University......
social Darwinism
social Darwinism, the theory that human groups and races are subject to the same laws of natural selection as Charles......
social equilibrium
social equilibrium, a theoretical state of balance in a social system referring both to an internal balance between......
social science
social science, any branch of academic study or science that deals with human behaviour in its social and cultural......
sociobiology
sociobiology, the systematic study of the biological basis of social behaviour. The term sociobiology was popularized......
Sociolinguistics
Sociolinguistics, the study of the social dimensions of language use. Human language, across all of its many modalities,......
sociology
sociology, a social science that studies human societies, their interactions, and the processes that preserve and......
- Introduction
- Replacing Determinism, Social Structures, Interactionism
- Functionalism, Conflict, Debate
- Social Stratification, Inequality, Class
- Qualitative, Establishment, Historical
- Quantitative, Qualitative, Theory
- Data Collection, Surveys, Interviews
- Social Structures, Research, Theory
- Scientific Status, Theory, Research
- Research, Analysis, Education
sociometry
sociometry, measurement techniques used in social psychology, in sociology, and sometimes in social anthropology......
Soga, Tiyo
Tiyo Soga was a Xhosa journalist, minister, translator, composer of hymns, and collector of black South African......
solar calendar
solar calendar, any dating system based on the seasonal year of approximately 365 14 days, the time it takes the......
Soler, Antonio
Antonio Soler was the most important composer of instrumental and church music in Spain in the late 18th century.......
Sonneck, Oscar
Oscar Sonneck was an American musicologist, librarian, and editor. Sonneck was mainly educated in Germany and attended......
Sontag, Susan
Susan Sontag was an American intellectual and writer best known for her essays on modern culture. Sontag (who adopted......
Spalatin, Georg
Georg Spalatin was a humanist friend of Martin Luther and a prolific writer whose capacity for diplomacy helped......
Speck, Frank Gouldsmith
Frank Gouldsmith Speck was an American cultural anthropologist known for his work on the Algonquin Indian tribes......
Spencer, Sir Baldwin
Sir Baldwin Spencer was an English biologist and anthropologist, and the first trained and experienced scientist......
Spitta, Philipp
Philipp Spitta was a German scholar, one of the principal figures in 19th-century musicology and author of the......
St. John’s College
St. John’s College, private coeducational institution of higher education at Annapolis, Maryland, U.S.; there is......
Stainer, Sir John
Sir John Stainer was an English organist and church composer and a leading early musicologist. As a boy Stainer......
state monopoly on violence
state monopoly on violence, in political science and sociology, the concept that the state alone has the right......
Stein, Gertrude
Gertrude Stein was an avant-garde American writer, eccentric, and self-styled genius whose Paris home was a salon......
Steiner, George
George Steiner was an influential French-born American literary critic who studied the relationship between literature......
Stendhal
Stendhal was one of the most original and complex French writers of the first half of the 19th century, chiefly......
Stephen, Sir Leslie
Sir Leslie Stephen was an English critic, man of letters, and the first editor of the Dictionary of National Biography.......
Stevenson, Matilda Coxe
Matilda Coxe Stevenson was an American ethnologist who became one of the major contributors to her field, particularly......
Steward, Julian
Julian Steward was an American anthropologist best known as one of the leading neoevolutionists of the mid-20th......
Stoddard, Richard Henry
Richard Henry Stoddard was an American poet, critic, and editor, more important as a figure in New York literary......
Stoppard, Tom
Tom Stoppard was a Czech-born British playwright and screenwriter whose work is marked by verbal brilliance, ingenious......
Strabo
Strabo was a Greek geographer and historian whose Geography is the only extant work covering the whole range of......
strain theory
strain theory, in sociology, proposal that pressure derived from social factors, such as lack of income or lack......
Strong, William Duncan
William Duncan Strong was an American anthropologist who studied North and South American Indian cultures and emphasized......
structural functionalism
structural functionalism, in sociology and other social sciences, a school of thought according to which each of......
Structuralism
Structuralism, in linguistics, any one of several schools of 20th-century linguistics committed to the structuralist......
Structuralism
Structuralism, in cultural anthropology, the school of thought developed by the French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss,......
structuration theory
structuration theory, concept in sociology that offers perspectives on human behaviour based on a synthesis of......
stylistics
stylistics, study of the devices in languages (such as rhetorical figures and syntactical patterns) that are considered......
subsistence theory
subsistence theory, in labour economics, a theory of the factors that determine the level of wages in a capitalist......
supply-side economics
supply-side economics, theory that focuses on influencing the supply of labor and goods, using tax cuts and benefit......
surplus value
surplus value, Marxian economic concept that professed to explain the instability of the capitalist system. Adhering......
Swanton, John Reed
John Reed Swanton was an American anthropologist and a foremost student of North American Indian ethnology. His......
Swarthmore College
Swarthmore College, private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, U.S. It......
Synchronic linguistics
Synchronic linguistics, the study of a language at a given point in time. The time studied may be either the present......
Syntactic Structures
Syntactic Structures, foundational work of transformational-generative grammar, first published in 1957, by the......
systems theory
systems theory, in social science, the study of society as a complex arrangement of elements, including individuals......
Sérusier, Paul
Paul Sérusier was a French Post-Impressionist painter and theorist who was instrumental in the formation of the......
Söderblom, Nathan
Nathan Söderblom was a Swedish Lutheran archbishop and theologian who in 1930 received the Nobel Prize for Peace......
Sørensen, Villy
Villy Sørensen was an influential writer of modernist short stories and a leading literary critic in Denmark after......
Tartini, Giuseppe
Giuseppe Tartini was an Italian violinist, composer, and theorist who helped establish the modern style of violin......
Tax, Sol
Sol Tax was an American cultural anthropologist who founded the journal Current Anthropology. He was also known......
Ten Days That Vanished: The Switch to the Gregorian Calendar
When it comes to calendars, small errors can add up over time. The Julian calendar—the prevalent calendar in the......
textual criticism
textual criticism, the technique of restoring texts as nearly as possible to their original form. Texts in this......