Donald Trump: References & Edit History
More Articles On This Topic
- 2026 U.S. midterm elections
- conservatismLegacy and prospects
- conspiracy theoryExplanations of conspiracy theories
- fascismThe United States
- federal indictment of Donald J. Trump (documents case)
- Federalist Society
- Fani Willis
- militia movement
- Letitia James
- January 6 U.S. Capitol attack
- stochastic terrorismStochastic terrorism and heightened political tension
- Skydance CorporationMerger with Paramount Global
- MAGA movement
- Mar-a-Lago
- nativismImpact of nativism in the United States
- Oath KeepersOath Keepers in the Trump era and the attack on the U.S. Capitol
- populism
- Project 2025
- protofascism
- Proud Boys
- Republican PartyTrump and the MAGA revolution
- Mark Burnett
- TelevisaUnivisionMerger with Televisa and corporate restructuring
- Trump International Hotel and Tower Chicago
- Trump Media & Technology Group
- Trump Tower
- Truth Social
- Turning Point USATurning Point USA’s tactics
- United States Presidential Election of 2016
- United States presidential election of 2020
- United States presidential election of 2024
- Jack Smith
- What’s the difference between Trumpism and MAGA?
- Artemis
- Central Intelligence AgencyCriticism and assessment
- Air Force OneA new look under Kennedy
- What Is the Epstein Files Transparency Act?
- executive order
- legislative apportionment
- Patient Protection and Affordable Care ActThe ACA during Trump’s first term
- “No Kings” protests
- Conrad Black
- National Archives and Records AdministrationPresidential Records Act (PRA) of 1978
- assassination of John F. KennedySubsequent congressional responses
- Shadow docketIncrease in substantive shadow docket rulings
- AI slopThe many forms of AI slop
- White House press corpsThe relationship between the president and the press
- Women’s March
- Malcolm Turnbull
- Board of Peace
- Jair BolsonaroIndictment and criminal proceedings
- DenmarkDenmark since the 1990s
- What would it cost to buy Greenland?
- Ehud BarakLater political involvement
- Israel-Hamas WarMid-October–December 2024: Reopening dialogue and ICC issues warrant for Netanyahu
- North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNATO relations with Russia in the post-September 11 world
- PalestinePolitical and financial uncertainty
- Palestinian AuthorityStruggling to remain afloat
- Mahmoud AbbasPeace process and international relations
- Russia-Ukraine WarUkraine’s Western arsenal grows and Putin faces war crimes charges
- Russia-Ukraine WarBloody stalemate: the war in 2025
- ASAP RockyPersonal life and legal trouble
- Tsai Ing-wen
- two-state solutionAbandonment of negotiations: Netanyahu, Jewish settlements in the West Bank, and the 2020 proposal
- World Health Organization
- Steve BannonAssociation with Trump
- William BarrAttorney general for the Trump administration
- Scott BessentPolitics
- Todd Blanche
- John BoltonTrump administration tenure
- Pam BondiSupporting Donald Trump
- Emil BoveA Look at Trump’s Nominee for the U.S. Court of Appeals
- Gregory BovinoRole in 2025–26 crackdowns
- John Daniel CaineMilitary career
- Brendan Carr
- Chris Christie
- Michael Cohen
- Roy CohnPrivate practice and disbarment
- Kaitlan Collins
- Federal Bureau of Investigation21st century
- James ComeyFBI director: Hillary Clinton e-mail inquiry, Donald Trump, and firing
- Kenneth CopelandPolitical activities
- Ted Cruz
- Jeffrey EpsteinCareer in finance and connections to the rich and powerful
- Joni Ernst
- Nick Fuentes
- Newt GingrichLater career: TV and books
- Rudy GiulianiDonald Trump
- Neil Gorsuch
- Kimberly GuilfoyleTeam Trump
- Sean Hannity
- Natalie HarpCatching Donald Trump’s attention
- Kevin HassettTrump 2.0 and criticism
- Pete Hegseth
- Tom HomanTrump’s first term and family separation
- Mike HuckabeeLater activities and second presidential bid
- Carl Icahn
- Gianni InfantinoOther controversies
- Alex JonesJones and Trump
- Brett KavanaughEarly career
- Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.2024 presidential campaign
- Jared Kushner
- Karoline Leavitt
- Zohran MamdaniMayor of New York City
- Ghislaine MaxwellAssociation with Jeffrey Epstein
- John McCainLater career
- Kevin McCarthyPolitical career
- Mitch McConnellSenate
- Stephen MillerAdviser to Trump
- Markwayne MullinPolitical career and controversy
- Mehmet OzPolitics: Senate campaign
- Kash Patel
- Ken Paxton
- Mike Pence
- Reince Priebus
- Vladimir PutinSilencing critics and actions in the West
- Vivek RamaswamyDOGE
- Mitt RomneyLater activities and U.S Senate
- Ben ShapiroShifting views on Trump
- Intel2020s: Renewed competition and government intervention
- Rex W. Tillerson
- JD Vance
- Kevin WarshA continued high profile
- Kanye WestSocial media controversies, ye, Donald Trump, and Donda
- Paula White
- Susie WilesTrump campaigns
- Katie Zacharia
- Mark ZuckerbergPolitical views and controversies
- A Brief History of White House Construction2025-2026: The Trump lawn and ballroom
- Assassinations and assassination attempts involving U.S. presidents and presidential candidatesPresidential candidate Donald Trump
- Can a Living Person Appear on U.S. Currency?
- Political Violence in the U.S. in the 21st Century2024: Attempts on Donald Trump’s life
- Second Cabinet of Donald Trump
- Secret Service Code Names of 11 U.S. PresidentsMogul
- Travel Ban List
- U.S.-Iran RelationsA Timeline: 2025: U.S. and Israel strike Iranian nuclear sites
- Which U.S. Presidents Have Been Impeached?Ukraine impeachment: 2019
- Who Survives a Political Scandal?Overcoming Access Hollywood
- Who Was Renee Nicole Macklin Good?Death
- Why Is the U.S. Interested in Greenland?
Article Contributors
Primary Contributors
-
Brian Duignan
Brian Duignan is a senior editor at Encyclopædia Britannica. His subject areas include philosophy, law, social science, politics, political theory, and religion.
Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors
- Adam Augustyn
- Letricia Dixon
- Aakanksha Gaur
- Tracy Grant
- Mindy Johnston
- Thinley Kalsang Bhutia
- Tushaar Kuthiala
- Jeannette L. Nolen
- Gloria Lotha
- J.E. Luebering
- Meg Matthias
- Chelsey Parrott-Sheffer
- Neha Parwani
- Michael Ray
- Emily Rodriguez
- Amy Tikkanen
- Adam Zeidan
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Article updated. | Nov 11, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Nov 11, 2026 | ||
| Article updated; one Q&A added. | Nov 04, 2026 | ||
| Added slide show. | Oct 23, 2026 | ||
| Corrected display issue. | Oct 23, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Sep 25, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Sep 14, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Sep 08, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Sep 03, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Sep 01, 2026 | ||
| Article revised. | Aug 31, 2026 | ||
| Article revised. | Aug 28, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: PBS - FRONTLINE - Interviews - The Deal: Trump, Bukele and the Gangs of El Salvado. | Aug 26, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Aug 25, 2026 | ||
| Article revised; Top Question added. | Aug 22, 2026 | ||
| Section on Pres. Donald Trump's attempted construction of a White House ballroom, written as a Top Question answer by Tracy Grant in her article “A Brief History of White House Construction,” added. | Aug 21, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Aug 17, 2026 | ||
| Top Question revised. | Aug 11, 2026 | ||
| Top Question added. | Aug 10, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Aug 07, 2026 | ||
| Top Question added. | Aug 07, 2026 | ||
| Article revised. | Aug 07, 2026 | ||
| Article subsection relocated. | Aug 05, 2026 | ||
| Updated with resolution of the Anti-Weaponization Fund and IRS lawsuit. | Aug 03, 2026 | ||
| Article revised. | Jul 20, 2026 | ||
| Top Question added. | Jul 20, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Jul 20, 2026 | ||
| Top question revised. | Jul 20, 2026 | ||
| Added that Trump presented the 2026 FIFA World Cup. | Jul 19, 2026 | ||
| Added cross-reference. | Jul 10, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Jun 18, 2026 | ||
| Added cross-reference. | Jun 11, 2026 | ||
| Anniversary information added. | Jun 10, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Jun 01, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | May 31, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | May 13, 2026 | ||
| Media added. | Apr 27, 2026 | ||
| Article slightly revised; Top Question added. | Apr 26, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Apr 26, 2026 | ||
| Article slightly updated; media added | Apr 21, 2026 | ||
| Mention of No Kings rally scheduled for March 28, 2026 added. | Mar 27, 2026 | ||
| Added cross-reference. | Mar 10, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Mar 06, 2026 | ||
| Article updated to mention the coordinated attack launched against Iran on February 28, 2026. | Mar 03, 2026 | ||
| Added cross-reference; added media. | Mar 03, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Feb 22, 2026 | ||
| Article and Top Questions updated to mention the Supreme Court's ruling in Learning Resources v. Trump (2026). | Feb 20, 2026 | ||
| Added mention of the Environmental Protection Agency's revocation of the 2009 endangerment finding. | Feb 12, 2026 | ||
| Article updated to mention the Supreme Court's refusal to prevent California from using its new congressional map in the midterm elections. | Feb 12, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Jan 30, 2026 | ||
| Added cross-references to ICE deployment in Minneapolis, Renee Good, and Tom Homan. | Jan 29, 2026 | ||
| Added a top question about the border czar. | Jan 26, 2026 | ||
| Article revised. | Jan 23, 2026 | ||
| Article revised. | Jan 22, 2026 | ||
| Article updated. | Jan 20, 2026 | ||
| Added update about Pres. Trump winning the inaugural FIFA Peace Prize. | Dec 05, 2025 | ||
| Article updated and revised. | Nov 14, 2025 | ||
| Updated with the conviction of Ryan Wesley Routh in the attempted assassination of Donald Trump. | Sep 23, 2025 | ||
| Added cross-reference. | Sep 09, 2025 | ||
| Link fixed. | Sep 07, 2025 | ||
| Top Questions revised. | Sep 05, 2025 | ||
| Article updated. | Aug 21, 2025 | ||
| Top Questions revised. | Aug 13, 2025 | ||
| Added cross-reference to the Epstein files timeline. | Aug 01, 2025 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Jul 17, 2025 | ||
| Added cross-reference. | Jul 11, 2025 | ||
| Rearranged top questions. | Jun 23, 2025 | ||
| Article updated. | Jun 16, 2025 | ||
| Top questions added. | Jun 10, 2025 | ||
| Article updated. | May 16, 2025 | ||
| Article revised. | May 16, 2025 | ||
| Media added. | Apr 18, 2025 | ||
| Article updated to mention that the Trump administration has asked the Supreme Court to limit three nationwide injunctions against Trump's executive order restricting birthright citizenship. | Mar 14, 2025 | ||
| Added cross-references. | Feb 23, 2025 | ||
| Cross-reference added to U.S. Agency for International Development. | Feb 19, 2025 | ||
| Article revised. | Feb 11, 2025 | ||
| Article updated to cover the first weeks of Donald Trump's second presidential term. | Feb 06, 2025 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Jan 21, 2025 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Jan 20, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: The White House - Donald Trump. | Jan 10, 2025 | ||
| Article updated to mention Trump's efforts to stay his sentencing for his felony conviction in the hush-money case. | Jan 10, 2025 | ||
| Article updated to mention Trump's sentencing for his conviction in the hush-money case. | Jan 10, 2025 | ||
| Article updated to mention judge Juan M. Merchan's rejection of Trump's effort to have his conviction overturned on the basis of the Supreme Court's ruling on presidential immunity. | Dec 16, 2024 | ||
| Article updated to mention Jack Smith's decisions effectively ending the federal criminal prosecutions of Donald Trump for at least the duration of Trump's second term as president. | Nov 25, 2024 | ||
| Article updated to mention that Donald Trump's sentencing for his conviction in the hush-money case was delayed again on November 22, 2024. | Nov 22, 2024 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Nov 13, 2024 | ||
| Updated with his election to a second term. | Nov 06, 2024 | ||
| Article updated. | Nov 06, 2024 | ||
| Cross-references to the Britannica article on the Democratic National Committee added. | Oct 07, 2024 | ||
| Article updated to mention the public release of Jack Smith's superseding indictment concerning Donald Trump's efforts to overturn the 2020 presidential election. | Oct 02, 2024 | ||
| Article updated to mention an apparent attempted assassination of former president Donald Trump in September 2024. | Sep 15, 2024 | ||
| Article updated to mention the postponement of Donald Trump's sentencing for his conviction in a criminal business-fraud case until after the presidential election of 2024. | Sep 06, 2024 | ||
| Article updated to mention special counsel Jack Smith's superseding indictment of Donald Trump on charges relating to Trump's efforts to overturn the 2020 presidential election. | Aug 27, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: University of California - eScholarship - Trumpism�s Paleoconservative Roots and Dealignment. | Aug 22, 2024 | ||
| Added an interactive timeline of the Trump presidency. | Aug 02, 2024 | ||
| Cross-references to the Britannica article on Michael Cohen added. | Jul 29, 2024 | ||
| Added reference to list of assassinations and attempts of U.S. presidents and presidential candidates. | Jul 29, 2024 | ||
| Article updated to reflect Trump's formal nomination as the Republican candidate in the U.S. presidential election of 2024. | Jul 19, 2024 | ||
| Article revised for clarity. | Jul 15, 2024 | ||
| Article updated to mention the dismissal of Donald Trump's indictment on charges of improperly removing classified documents from the White House. | Jul 15, 2024 | ||
| Updated with July 2024 assassination attempt. | Jul 13, 2024 | ||
| Noted that Doug Burgum was among the candidates running against Trump for the Republican nomination in 2024. | Jul 03, 2024 | ||
| Added cross-reference. | Jul 01, 2024 | ||
| Article updated to mention the Supreme Court's decision in Trump v. United States. | Jul 01, 2024 | ||
| Article updated to mention the Supreme Court's decision in Fischer v. United States. | Jun 28, 2024 | ||
| Article revised. | May 31, 2024 | ||
| Article revised. | May 30, 2024 | ||
| Article updated to mention Donald Trump's criminal conviction on May 30, 2024. | May 30, 2024 | ||
| “20204” changed to “2024.” | May 30, 2024 | ||
| Internal cross-reference added. | Apr 23, 2024 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Apr 23, 2024 | ||
| Added cross references to Trump indictments and Donald Trump's very busy calendar interactive. | Apr 23, 2024 | ||
| Article updated. | Apr 15, 2024 | ||
| Added cross-reference to the impact of COVID-19 article. | Apr 15, 2024 | ||
| Link added. | Dec 07, 2023 | ||
| Media added. | Sep 26, 2023 | ||
| Added link to interactive political/court calendar. | Aug 31, 2023 | ||
| Added Fulton County, Georgia mug shot. | Aug 25, 2023 | ||
| Article updated to mention Trump's indictment on state criminal charges in Georgia. | Aug 24, 2023 | ||
| Article updated to mention Donald Trump's indictment on charges related to his efforts to overturn the 2020 presidential election. | Aug 02, 2023 | ||
| Links added. | Aug 02, 2023 | ||
| Added media. | Aug 02, 2023 | ||
| Added cross-reference. | Jul 14, 2023 | ||
| Added link to federal indictment. | Jun 15, 2023 | ||
| Article updated to mention Donald Trump's indictment on federal criminal charges in connection with his alleged mishandling of classified documents. | Jun 09, 2023 | ||
| Article revised to note that Donald Trump's Twitter account was reinstated in 2022 by Twitter's new owner Elon Musk. | May 30, 2023 | ||
| Article updated to mention the result of a 2023 civil trial in which Donald Trump stood accused of having raped and defamed E. Jean Carroll. | May 10, 2023 | ||
| Link added. | Apr 28, 2023 | ||
| Internal cross-reference added. | Apr 05, 2023 | ||
| Article revised to discuss Donald Trump's postpresidential activities. | Apr 05, 2023 | ||
| Article revised to mention Trump's indictment by a Manhattan grand jury in March 2023. | Mar 31, 2023 | ||
| Link added. | Mar 03, 2023 | ||
| Article updated to mention the partial release of a grand jury report on possible criminal interference in the 2020 presidential election in Georgia by Trump and his allies. | Feb 16, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Free Speech Center at Middle Tennessee State University - Biography of Donald Trump. | Nov 30, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: Donald J. Trump Presidential Library - Biography of President Donald J. Trump. | Aug 01, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: CNN - Donald Trump Fast Facts. | Aug 25, 2021 | ||
| Add new Web site: Southern Poverty Law Center - Family Separation Under the Trump Administration - A Timeline. | Aug 17, 2021 | ||
| Section on the Ukraine scandal revised for clarity and completeness. | Jun 09, 2021 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Mar 15, 2021 | ||
| Add new Web site: The Trump Organization - Donald J. Trump. | Jan 15, 2021 | ||
| Add new Web site: National Geographic Kids - U.S. Presidents - Donald Trump. | Jan 15, 2021 | ||
| Article revised to mention Trump's second impeachment, in January 2021. | Jan 13, 2021 | ||
| Revised mention of Trump's defeat by Biden in the 2020 presidential election. | Nov 07, 2020 | ||
| Article updated to mention Trump's defeat in the presidential election of 2020. | Nov 07, 2020 | ||
| Corrected display issue. | Oct 30, 2020 | ||
| In the discussion of his impeachment trial in the Senate, changed the month of his acquittal from “January” to “February.” | Aug 25, 2020 | ||
| Article revised to mention the U.S. Supreme Court decisions in Trump v. Mazars and Trump v. Vance. | Jul 10, 2020 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Mar 20, 2020 | ||
| Media added. | Dec 17, 2019 | ||
| Media added. | Jan 22, 2019 | ||
| Add new Web site: Miller Center - Donald Trump. | Nov 19, 2018 | ||
| Add new Web site: The White House Historical Association - Donald J. Trump. | Nov 19, 2018 | ||
| Article updated to mention Judiciary Committee hearings for Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh and his confirmation by the Senate. | Oct 30, 2018 | ||
| Added presidential portrait of Donald Trump. | Oct 09, 2018 | ||
| Added missing preposition. | Sep 21, 2018 | ||
| Article updated to note Paul Manafort's plea agreement with the Mueller investigation. | Sep 21, 2018 | ||
| Article updated to cover recent developments. | Sep 15, 2018 | ||
| Article revised. | Aug 02, 2017 | ||
| Article revised. | Jun 29, 2017 | ||
| Article revised. | Jun 29, 2017 | ||
| Add new Web site: AllMovie - Biography of Donald Trump. | Mar 23, 2017 | ||
| Add new Web site: The White House - Biography of Donald J. Trump. | Mar 22, 2017 | ||
| Add new Web site: Turner Classic Movies - Biography of Donald Trump. | Mar 22, 2017 | ||
| Media added. | Jan 31, 2017 | ||
| Media added. | Jan 23, 2017 | ||
| Article revised. | Jan 20, 2017 | ||
| Media added. | Jan 13, 2017 | ||
| Updated for his election as president of the United States. | Nov 09, 2016 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Oct 21, 2016 | ||
| Media added. | Oct 17, 2016 | ||
| Noted both the selection of Mike Pence as his running mate and his official nomination as the Republican Party's presidential candidate. | Jul 20, 2016 | ||
| Noted that Trump became the presumptive Republican nominee. | May 05, 2016 | ||
| Added information about his political campaign and the results of the early primaries and caucuses. | Mar 02, 2016 | ||
| Added the book Crippled America (2015). | Jan 14, 2016 | ||
| Added information about his political career, including his bid for the U.S. presidency in 2016. | Jun 16, 2015 | ||
| Add new Web site: Pennsylvania Center for the Book - Biography of Donald J. Trump. | Sep 03, 2013 | ||
| Added photograph. | May 20, 2011 | ||
| Added information about The Celebrity Apprentice. | Jul 23, 2010 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Jun 24, 2010 | ||
| Added new Web site: The Trump Organization - Biography of Donald J. Trump. | Apr 13, 2009 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Mar 06, 2008 | ||
| Article revised. | Jan 05, 2001 | ||
| Article revised. | Feb 16, 2000 | ||
| Article added to new online database. | Jul 20, 1998 |
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