Vivek Ramaswamy

Vivek Ramaswamy (born August 9, 1985, Cincinnati, Ohio) is an American biotech entrepreneur who drew national attention with his bid for the Republican nomination in the 2024 U.S. presidential election. He first gained notice for his outspoken opposition to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing, but his frequent media appearances (especially on podcasts) and unconventional positions helped raise his profile early in the presidential race. He suspended his campaign in January 2024 and subsequently endorsed eventual winner Donald Trump. The president-elect later announced that Ramaswamy and Elon Musk would head the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE). However, Ramaswamy ultimately decided not to assume the post as he opted to run for governor of Ohio. He later lost to his Democratic challenger Amy Acton in the general election on November 3, 2026.

Personal life, education, and business career

Ramaswamy’s mother, who worked as a geriatric psychiatrist, and his father, an engineer and patent lawyer at General Electric, moved to the United States from Kerala, India, in the 1970s. Ramaswamy was born in 1985 in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he grew up; his younger brother, Shankar, was born in 1989. Ramaswamy was a nationally ranked junior tennis player and the valedictorian of his Jesuit high-school class. After finishing a bachelor’s degree in biology at Harvard University in 2007, he worked for a hedge fund and made $7 million in seven years. Meanwhile, he earned a law degree in 2013 from Yale University, where he met his future wife, Apoorva Tewari, a medical student (later, a throat surgeon). In 2014, when Ramaswamy was 29, he started a pharmaceutical company, Roivant Sciences. By 2023 he had made at least a quarter million dollars in personal income from the company.

Opposition to ESG investing and “anti-woke” activism

Ramaswamy has claimed he was apolitical before 2020, when he first lamented in The Wall Street Journal that partisan politics was interfering in the corporate sector. In January 2021 he stepped down as Roivant’s CEO, and later that year he published his first book, Woke, Inc.: Inside Corporate America’s Social Justice Scam. He argued in the book that when corporations wade into social issues—for instance, by instituting diversity quotas in hiring or by divesting from companies that pollute the environment—the practice tends to be both cynical, a ploy to increase profits or deflect attention from unethical deeds, and corrosive to democracy, because it imposes these social priorities on the public. For instance, when Delta Air Lines, Inc. criticized new laws in Georgia on the grounds that they would suppress voter turnout, Ramaswamy said the company had failed “to explain why Americans should care whether a voting law matches the values of an airline company.”

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In 2022 Ramaswamy founded an “anti-woke” index fund provider called Strive Asset Management LLC, billing it as the antithesis of other asset management companies like BlackRock, Inc., that purport publicly to invest in an ESG framework. He promised that Strive would offer investment funds without asking companies to “push political agendas.” The firm’s backers included Peter Thiel and Narya Capital, the venture capital firm belonging to JD Vance (Ramaswamy’s friend from law school, who would be elected to the U.S. Senate in late 2022). In September 2023, as Ramaswamy was surging in opinion polling for the Republican primary elections, Strive announced that its assets had come to exceed $1 billion. About the same time, Ramaswamy’s personal net worth was hovering around $1 billion.

2024 presidential campaign

Ramaswamy’s presidential run began in February 2023, after the Republican race already included the major political figures Donald Trump and Nikki Haley. In a video announcing his bid, he argued that “faith, patriotism, and hard work” were being replaced in the United States by “new secular religions like COVID-ism, climate-ism and gender ideology.”

Along with standard Republican positions, such as support for abortion bans and opposition to affirmative action, Ramaswamy advocated some unconventional policies during his presidential run. He called for raising the standard voting age to 25, restricting birthright citizenship, and sending the U.S. military to Mexico to “annihilate” drug cartels. He pledged to fire more than 75 percent of the federal workforce and disband the FBI, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Department of Education (and to abolish teacher unions as well). He argued that people should “be proud to live a high-carbon lifestyle” and claimed that “more people are dying of bad climate change policies than they are of actual climate change.”

Despite his claims that ESG investing is a threat to democracy, Ramaswamy told Sheelah Kolhatkar of The New Yorker that he does not believe that extreme concentration of wealth necessarily poses a major threat to the institution. “When I asked Ramaswamy why he ignores how money in politics compromises the regulatory and legislative process,” Kolhatkar wrote, “the issue seemed to bore him.”

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In the early months of the campaign season, Ramaswamy quickly rose from relative obscurity to a position as one of the main contenders to challenge Trump’s lead in the polls. In August 2023 Politico reported that he had once done roughly 30 interviews in a single day and had appeared on more than 150 podcasts in the previous six months. CNN called his performance at an August debate “a breakout moment,” and, according to a Washington Post poll, Republican voters who watched the debate thought he was bested only by Ron DeSantis. (Trump did not participate.)

As the campaign continued, however, Ramaswamy lost ground to DeSantis and Haley, and he finished fourth in the Iowa Republican caucus on January 15, 2024. That night he suspended his campaign, and, as he told supporters, he “called Donald Trump to tell him that I congratulate him on his victory. And now, going forward, he will have my full endorsement for the presidency.”

DOGE

After Trump won the general election in November 2024, he announced that Ramaswamy and Musk would head the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE). According to Trump, the new agency would help “dismantle Government Bureaucracy, slash excess regulations, cut wasteful expenditures, and restructure Federal Agencies.” DOGE was not expected to be part of the federal government. On January 20, 2025, the day of Trump’s inauguration, it was announced that Ramaswamy would not take part in DOGE as he considered entering Ohio’s gubernatorial race. The news came amid reports that Ramaswamy had drawn criticism from Trump and Musk, among others.

Campaign for governor of Ohio

In February 2025 Ramaswamy announced his candidacy for governor of Ohio. That same day Trump endorsed him, posting on Truth Social that “He’s Young, Strong, and Smart! Vivek is also a very good person, who truly loves our Country.” Ramaswamy campaigned to “Make Ohio the Most Affordable, Opportunity-Rich State in America.” Among other initiatives, he proposed eliminating the state income tax, lowering property taxes, and raising academic standards at public schools. He easily won the Republican primary in May 2026 and was set to face Democratic candidate Amy Acton in the general election.

In the last days of what appeared to be a close race, the Ramaswamy campaign aired an ad featuring Acton’s estranged mother, who called her daughter a liar. Acton and her younger brother were removed from their mother’s custody when Acton was 12 after her stepfather was indicted on charges he raped Acton. The ad drew widespread bipartisan criticism for making a child’s abuse the center of the campaign, including from Ohio’s incumbent governor, Republican Mike DeWine. However, both Trump and Vance expressed support for the ad, with Vance saying: “Vivek Ramaswamy had the audacity to run a TV commercial which calls it out like it is and calls Amy Acton a liar.” Ramaswamy ultimately lost to Acton in the general election on November 3, 2026.