Lucy Wheelock: …and in 1941 it became Wheelock College.

Lucy Wheelock: …and in 1941 it became Wheelock College.

Eleazar Wheelock was an American educator who was the founder and first president of Dartmouth College. Wheelock graduated from Yale in 1733, studied theology, and in 1735 became a Congregationalist minister at Lebanon, Conn. He was a popular preacher throughout the period of the Great Awakening.

Dartmouth College case: …of a religious controversy, removed John Wheelock as college president in 1815. In response, the New Hampshire legislature passed an act amending the charter and establishing a board of overseers to replace the trustees. The trustees then sued William H. Woodward, college secretary and ally of Wheelock, but lost in…

Lucy Wheelock was an American educator who was an important figure in the developmental years of the kindergarten movement in the United States. Wheelock graduated from high school in 1874 and taught for two years in her native village. In 1876 she enrolled in the Chauncy Hall School in Boston to

Eric Clapton: …albums as Disraeli Gears (1967), Wheels of Fire (1968), and Goodbye (1969).

clock: The wheelwork: The wheelwork, or train, of a clock is the series of moving wheels (gears) that transmit motion from a weight or spring, via the escapement, to the minute and hour hands. It is most important that the wheels and pinions be made accurately and…

William Wheelwright was a U.S. businessman and promoter, responsible for opening the first steamship line between South America and Europe and for building some of the first railroad and telegraph lines in Argentina, Chile, and Peru. Wheelwright came from a Puritan New England family and was

wendigo, a mythological cannibalistic monster in the spiritual tradition of North American Algonquian-speaking tribes. It is associated with winter and described as either a fearsome beast that stalks and eats humans or as a spirit that possesses humans, causing them to turn into cannibals. There

diagnosis: Auscultation: Wheezes, musical sounds heard mostly during expiration, are caused by rapid airflow through a partially obstructed airway, as in asthma or bronchitis. Pleural rubs sound like creaking leather and are caused by pleural surfaces roughened by inflammation moving against each other, which occurs in patients…

Sean O’Faolain was an Irish writer best known for his short stories about Ireland’s lower and middle classes. He often examined the decline of the nationalist struggle or the failings of Irish Roman Catholicism. His work reflects the reawakening of interest in Irish culture stimulated by the Irish

Wendy Whelan is an American ballet dancer who performed for three decades (1984–2014) with New York City Ballet (NYCB) and was celebrated for her technical precision, modern sensibility, and defined musculature. Whelan grew up in Louisville, where her mother enrolled her in ballet classes at age

Muriel Wheldale Onslow was a British biochemist whose study of the inheritance of flower colour in the common snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) contributed to the foundation of modern genetics. She also made important discoveries concerning the biochemistry of pigment molecules in plants, particularly

Sir Huw Pyrs Wheldon was a British broadcasting producer and executive who oversaw the British Broadcasting Corporation’s (BBC’s) television programming from 1965 to 1975. Born into a Welsh-speaking family, Wheldon was educated at Friars School in Wales and earned a degree from the London School of

whelk, any marine snail of the family Buccinidae (subclass Prosobranchia of the class Gastropoda), or a snail having a similar shell. Some are incorrectly called conchs. The sturdy shell of most buccinids is elongated and has a wide aperture in the first whorl. The animal feeds on other mollusks

dog: Gestation and whelping: The normal gestation period is 63 days from the time of conception. This may vary if the bitch has been bred two or three times or if the eggs are fertilized a day or two after the mating has taken place. Eggs remain fertile…

Most identity theft stories start with a shadowy hacker or a data breach. But sometimes the person opening a credit card in your name is sitting across the table from you at Thanksgiving dinner. Family identity theft happens when a relative uses your personal information—such as your Social

Michael Bolton: Songwriting and solo success: …1966 Percy Sledge classic “When a Man Loves a Woman.”

Al Franken: …screenplay for the dramatic film When a Man Loves a Woman (1994).

urban legend: Media and entertainment: …of an urban legend include When a Stranger Calls (1979), in which a babysitter discovers that the prank calls she has been receiving are coming from a phone line inside the house, and Alligator (1980), based on a persistent myth in New York City about abandoned pet baby alligators grown…

The date and location of Mohamed Siad Barre’s birth have long been unclear. Several dates between 1910 and 1921 have been reported as the year of his birth. The years 1919, 1920, and 1921 are said to have been presented at different times by Somali government sources or Siad himself, but other

Roddy Doyle: Other works: …stories, including the romantic comedy When Brendan Met Trudy (2000) and the drama Rosie (2018).

Suzanne Collins: …Collins authored the children’s books When Charlie McButton Lost Power (2005) and Year of the Jungle: Memories from the Home Front (2013).

A profit-sharing bonus is a way for companies to reward employees when the business reaches specific financial targets. Rather than being tied to individual performance, these bonuses are usually based on company-wide results and can vary from year to year. Profit-sharing bonuses aren’t the same as

The first vaccination requirement to attend school in the United States was introduced in the 1850s in Massachusetts, specifically for smallpox vaccine. During the late 19th century, as public health systems developed, similar laws were introduced in other states, largely in response to recurring

In some cultures, pants have been common garments worn by women for centuries or millennia. This was not the case in much of Western society. In the United States, women typically wore long skirts, with the exception of some women who wore pantslike garments to perform work or engage in sports.

Many climate scientists define the start of summer in terms of meteorological phenomena and the calendar year. They claim that the meteorological summer season starts on June 1 and lasts three months, until September 1. Other people define the beginning of summer in academic terms—as the end of the

Prince: Crossover success and Purple Rain: …the androgynous but vulnerable “When Doves Cry,” and the anthemic title cut. Thereafter, he continued to produce inventive music of broad appeal; outside the United States he was particularly popular in Britain and the rest of Europe.

Bob Dylan’s performance at the Newport (Rhode Island) Folk Festival in 1965 is widely regarded as one of the pivotal moments in the history of rock music. But if there is near consensus on its importance, there is much less agreement on exactly what happened. Rock historians, Dylan’s biographers,

Emir Kusturica: Films of the 1980s: …Otac na slubenom putu (1985; When Father Was Away on Business). A story of the brutal intrusion of politics into the 1950s childhood of a somnambulist boy, it is enhanced by a picturesque style and magic realism. The movie won the Golden Palm at the Cannes film festival and received…

Unless you’re an economist or would-be financial pundit (like me), you probably couldn’t rattle off the latest Consumer Price Index reading or current federal funds rate. But if you’re like most Americans, one thing you do know—probably to the penny—is what you paid for gasoline last time you

Rosabeth Moss Kanter: When Giants Learn to Dance: Mastering the Challenge of Strategy, Management, and Careers (1989) resulted from a five-year study of top American corporations; it documents the changing management strategies that, in Kanter’s view, represent the future of successful businesses in the United States.

Rob Reiner: Success as a film director: Reiner’s romantic comedy When Harry Met Sally… (1989), which paired Crystal and Meg Ryan as a set of platonic friends who fall in love, was credited with establishing the modern standard for the genre.

Pres. Donald Trump has threatened to invoke the Insurrection Act (1807) in response to huge protests against his efforts to arrest and detain undocumented immigrants in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The Insurrection Act is a federal law that authorizes U.S. presidents to deploy federal armed forces and

The U.S. National Guard is a reserve group organized by the U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force. Every state and territory has a National Guard, which is typically called on by state governors or sitting presidents during periods of civil unrest or natural disasters. Typically, Guard units require

Lisel Mueller: In “When I Am Asked” she wrote,

Diana Krall: …gained a wider audience with When I Look in Your Eyes (1999), for which she also received her first Grammy Award. Later albums included The Look of Love (2001) and the concert recording Live in Paris (2002). The latter won a Grammy for best jazz vocal album. On The Girl…

long metre: …following stanza from the poem “When I Survey the Wondrous Cross” by Isaac Watts:

Vilhelm Moberg: …Soldat med brutet gevär (1944; When I Was a Child), Moberg considers it his calling to give a voice to the illiterate class from which he came. His most widely read and translated works include the Knut Toring trilogy (1935–39; The Earth Is Ours) and his four-volume epic of the…

Elvis Costello: Later albums: …his oeuvre include the albums When I Was Cruel (2002); Il Sogno (2004), a ballet; Momofuku (2008); National Ransom (2010); Wise Up Ghost, and Other Songs (2013), a collaboration with the band the Roots; Look Now (2018), which won the Grammy for best traditional pop vocal album; and

When I Was One-and-Twenty, poem in the collection A Shropshire Lad by A.E. Housman. Noted for its sprightly cadence of alternating seven- and six-syllable lines, the three-stanza poem addresses the theme of unrequited love. It was likely written as a memoir of a critical time in Housman’s life,

baseball: Baseball and the arts: …films appeared in the 1990s: When It Was a Game (1991) is an intimate portrait of ballplayers and fans from the 1930s through the 1950s, and Ken Burns’s Baseball (1994) is a rich cultural history of the sport in the United States.

Patrick Gilmore: Gilmore reputedly composed “When Johnny Comes Marching Home” (1863) under the pen name Louis Lambert.

Between August 23 and 29, 2005, a tropical depression called “Katrina” grew into one of the most destructive storms in American history. After crossing the southern tip of Florida as a tropical storm, Katrina was invigorated by the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico, which bloated it into a category

When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d, elegy in free verse by Walt Whitman mourning the death of Pres. Abraham Lincoln. First published in Whitman’s collection Sequel to Drum-Taps (1865) and later included in the 1867 edition of Leaves of Grass, the poem expresses revulsion at the assassination

One of the most devastating parts of a dementia diagnosis is realizing someone with the disease will slowly, inexorably lose the qualities that once defined them. This inevitability adds complexity to caregiving choices for families who often understandably wish to keep a loved one at home or have

Bessie Emery Head: …in his adopted village in When Rain Clouds Gather (1969) to a more introspective account of the acceptance won by a light-coloured San (Bushman) woman in a black-dominated African society in Maru (1971). A Question of Power (1973) is a frankly autobiographical account of disorientation and paranoia in which the…

When we graduated college, we needed a car. We were moving up to Chicago, starting jobs, planning a fall wedding, and I was carrying student debt. The dealership would have happily financed us—at a rate that reflected our virtually nonexistent credit histories. But then Grandpa stepped in. He was

Philip Roth: …was followed in 1967 by When She Was Good, but he did not recapture the success of his first book until Portnoy’s Complaint (1969; film 1972), an audacious satirical portrait of a contemporary Jewish male at odds with his domineering mother and obsessed with sexual experience.

One of the most-dramatic chapters in the 19th-century struggle for Latin American independence from Spanish rule occurred 200 years ago, in January and February 1817, when the liberation of Chile was won by the improbable crossing of the Andes Mountains by a force of revolutionaries under the

Traffic: …the Fantasy Factory (1973), and When the Eagle Flies (1974). Both on tour and in the studio, the group added and subtracted a number of additional musicians during these years before finally disbanding in 1975.

There’s a joke in economic circles that a recession is when your neighbor loses their job, and a depression is when you lose yours. But if you go by the National Bureau of Economic Research (“NBER,” whose Business Cycle Dating Committee is the official “recession referee”), a recession is a

Spike Lee: Other directing: …African American stand-up comedians, and When the Levees Broke (2006), a four-part HBO series outlining the U.S. government’s inadequate response to Hurricane Katrina. A follow-up series, If God Is Willing and da Creek Don’t Rise, aired in 2010. He later helmed the documentary series NYC Epicenters 9/11–2021 1 2 (2021),…

Nayantara Sahgal: When the Moon Shines by Day (2017) is a dystopian satire. In The Fate of Butterflies (2019), Sahgal focused on several people living under a repressive regime. She also wrote Day of Reckoning: Stories (2015).

It’s risky. It’s complex. And if you want approval, you have to jump through hoops. Sounds like the marketing pitch for an extreme sport, right? It’s also a description of short selling, or “shorting the stock market.” Candlestick chartCan you profit when price drops?© SasinParaksa—iStock/Getty

Max Frisch: …Krieg zu Ende war (1949; When the War Was Over). Reality and dream are used to depict the terrorist fantasies of a responsible government prosecutor in Graf Öderland (1951; Count Oederland), while Don Juan oder die Liebe zur Geometrie (1953; Don Juan, or The Love of Geometry) is a reinterpretation…

Central Park Five: Where are they now?: …Netflix miniseries on the case When They See Us. Korey Wise: At 16, he was the oldest of the group. He spent 12 years in prison and is the person most responsible for the exoneration because of his interaction with Matias Reyes. He is a motivational speaker and supporter of…

John M. Stahl: Next was When Tomorrow Comes (1939), a romantic drama that featured Charles Boyer as a married pianist who falls in love with a waitress (Irene Dunne). The film, along with Imitation of Life and Magnificent Obsession, was later remade by Douglas Sirk.

If you’ve ever studied economics or listened to a group of economists speak, you know how hard it is to get universal agreement. But one thing they generally agree on is that international trade, when structured properly, benefits all parties. Any barrier to free trade tends to shrink the overall

One might be inclined to think that when Jesus was born is obvious: on December 25, Christmas, in the year 0. And one might think his birth marked an epochal shift, after which the date is reckoned as ad (anno Domini, meaning “the year of our Lord” in medieval Latin—not “after death,” as some

The first Thanksgiving is said to have taken place in 1621, when the English colonists (Pilgrims) of Plymouth, in present-day Massachusetts, shared a harvest feast with the Wampanoag people. The colonists had arrived in December 1620, and the first winter was especially difficult. About half of the

This article was originally published on March 19, 2020. The last major global outbreak of disease before the COVID-19 pandemic declared in 2020 was the influenza pandemic (H1N1) of 2009. The H1N1 outbreak was the first pandemic of the 21st century. The disease was initially detected in February

The periodic table was invented by Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869. However, prior to Mendeleev, chemists had been pondering for decades how to classify the elements. Beginning in 1789, Antoine Lavoisier began classifying elements by their properties. Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner showed in

Billie Eilish: When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go? and Happier than Ever: Her debut album, When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?, was released on March 29, 2019, and reached number one on the Billboard 200 chart. The song “Bad Guy” from the album was Eilish’s first number-one single on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, and it won…

When We Dead Awaken, play in three acts by Henrik Ibsen, published in Norwegian in 1899 as Naar vi døde vaagner and produced in 1900. Ibsen’s last play and his most confessional work, it is an examination of the problem that had obsessed him throughout his career: the struggle between art and life.

Kazuo Ishiguro: When We Were Orphans (2000), an exercise in the crime-fiction genre set against the backdrop of the Sino-Japanese War in the 1930s, traces a British man’s search for his parents, who disappeared during his childhood. In 2005 Ishiguro published Never Let Me Go (filmed 2010),…

While plant breeding and animal breeding have existed for many, many millennia, the ability to create a genetically modified organism (GMO) depends on sophisticated DNA technologies that were created only in the second half of the 20th century and continue to improve. Indeed, many GMOs contain

Kate Atkinson: …included One Good Turn (2006), When Will There Be Good News? (2008), Started Early, Took My Dog (2010), and Big Sky (2019).

William Julius Wilson: In When Work Disappears: The World of the New Urban Poor (1996), he showed how chronic joblessness deprived those in the inner city of skills necessary to obtain and keep jobs. In More Than Just Race: Being Black and Poor in the Inner City (2009) he…

George Pal: …Destination Moon (1950), Rudolph Maté’s When Worlds Collide (1951), and Byron Haskin’s The War of the Worlds (1953). The films all won Oscars for special effects, with Pal’s production company receiving the award for Destination Moon. Accepting a deal to produce and design films for MGM, Pal made his feature-film…

David Sedaris: …published his sixth essay collection, When You Are Engulfed in Flames, and in 2010 he released a collection of animal fables, Squirrel Seeks Chipmunk: A Modest Bestiary. His later works included Let’s Explore Diabetes with Owls: Essays, Etc. (2013), which contained detailed anecdotes from his travels interspersed with fictional vignettes,…

Jesse Eisenberg: Directing: …directed his first feature film, When You Finish Saving the World. The comedy, which he also wrote, centers on the strained relationship between a mother and son, played by Julianne Moore and Finn Wolfhard, respectively. Eisenberg next wrote, directed, and starred in A Real Pain (2024), about two Jewish cousins…

Samuel Rowley: His When You See Me, You Know Me, or The Famous Chronicle Historie of King Henrie the Eight (probably performed 1604; published 1605) resembles William Shakespeare’s Henry VIII (which may have been influenced by it) in owing something to popular tradition. His only other extant play,…

non-fungible token: NFT forms and the future: …of Leon released its album When You See Yourself as an NFT. It was the first known instance of a musical act issuing an album in this form, with buyers entered into a lottery to win concert tickets and other unique extras.

Pinocchio: …music, notably the song “When You Wish upon a Star,” which became a Disney classic. Most of the great artists who performed the voice-over work did not receive screen credit or recognition until many years later, when their efforts were acknowledged in special-edition documentaries for the home video market.

English literature: The Edwardians: …the professional bourgeoisie; and, in Where Angels Fear to Tread (1905) and The Longest Journey (1907), E.M. Forster portrayed with irony the insensitivity, self-repression, and philistinism of the English middle classes.

Mary Higgins Clark: …However, her first suspense novel, Where Are the Children? (1975), was an immediate success and led to a series of multimillion-dollar contracts with publisher Simon & Schuster. Clark became known as the “Queen of Suspense,” and her later novels included A Stranger Is Watching (1977), While My Pretty One Sleeps…

Joan Baez: …track of her 1973 album Where Are You Now, My Son? chronicles the experience; it is a 23-minute spoken-word piece punctuated with sound clips that Baez recorded during the bombing.

It is a strange thing to grow up in a town marked by killers and killing, a town in flight from its own infamy. I grew up in just such a place. A hamlet of hundreds, Gibsland, Louisiana, was not known for much until when, on May 23, 1934, Bonnie Elizabeth Parker and Clyde Chestnut Barrow, the

Christopher Columbus’s first encounter with the New World occurred on October 12, 1492, when he landed on an island he called San Salvador. The exact location of this island is debated, but many scholars believe it to be present-day San Salvador Island in the Bahamas. However, some evidence

Halloween is believed to have connections to the festival of Samhain celebrated among the Celts of ancient Ireland. On the day roughly corresponding to November 1 on contemporary calendars, the new year was believed to begin. This date was considered the beginning of the winter period, when

At the time of his death, financier and convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein was worth close to $600 million. He owned one of the biggest and most luxurious houses in New York City, two islands, a New Mexico ranch, and an apartment in Paris—not to mention the artwork, cars, private jet, and

Holland-Dozier-Holland: Beginning with “Where Did Our Love Go” (1964) and continuing through “In and Out of Love” (1967), the trio wrote and produced more than a dozen American top ten singles for the Supremes. Dozier’s forte was melodies, Eddie Holland’s was lyrics, and Brian Holland’s was producing. Leaving…

Some countries in southern and central Asia and some of Russia’s republics have names that end in the suffix -stan. If you aren’t from Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, or elsewhere in the region, you may be wondering where this suffix comes from and what it means. The -stan suffix, and also sta

In the U.S., fortune-telling novelty toys such as the sleepover classic Ouija Board and the tiny red Fortune Teller Fish were huge hits in the second half of the 20th century. One of the most-popular such items among kids and adults was the Magic 8 Ball. Other than its being a pivotal and dangerous

The largest and most familiar sight in the night sky is the Moon. Its presence has likely bewitched observers since before the time of modern human beings, millions of years ago. Since then, the Moon has been regarded as a deity by many cultures, and stories have been told of its poetic beauty, its

Occasionally maligned as an anti-Christian symbol (an upside-down broken “Nero-cross”), a satanic character, or even a Nazi emblem, the iconic peace sign is apparently not so innocent to everyone. Thankfully, the symbol has a clear history, and its origin is not so controversial. The modern peace

As might be guessed, the word hippie is derived from the word hip, which conveys being up-to-date and fashionable. This meaning of hip is thought to have originated with African Americans during the Jive Era of the 1930s and ’40s. In the 1950s, “hip” was commonly applied to the Beats, such as Allen

The Rothschild family is arguably the most famous European banking dynasty in modern history. In the late 18th century, Mayer Amschel Rothschild, the family patriarch, founded his first banking house in the German town of Frankfurt. His sons expanded the bank into a multinational enterprise, and,

Have you ever seen a honeybee in the winter? Most people in temperate climates probably have not. Without blankets, fires, or adjustable thermostats, honeybees have to stick together pretty closely to stay warm (and alive) in the winter. When temperatures in the winter drop below 50 °F (10 °C),

The Cherokee Nation, the original inhabitants of the western segment of the high Appalachian Mountains in the southeastern United States, called the region Shaconage. The translation, “place of the blue smoke,” referred to the bluish haze that frequently blankets the area. This haze is not smoke

Paul Gauguin: Tahiti of Paul Gauguin: …in his chief Tahitian work, Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? (1897). An enormous contemplation of life and death told through a series of figures, beginning with a baby and ending with a shriveled old woman, the work is surrounded by a dreamlike, poetic…

Gregory Ratoff: Films of the 1930s and ’40s: Where Do We Go from Here? (1945) was a wild musical fantasy about a genie who whisks Fred MacMurray through various conflicts in American history (with songs provided by Ira Gershwin and Kurl Weill), whereas Paris Underground (1945) was a solid drama in which prisoner-of-war…

For thousands of years, various cultures have had figures to represent death. One of the most common and enduring of these is the Grim Reaper—usually a skeletal figure, who is often shrouded in a dark, hooded robe and carrying a scythe to “reap” human souls. But how and when did this imagery come

The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco is named after the strait that it spans, called Golden Gate. The name was given to the strait by Captain John C. Frémont in 1846. He drew an analogy to the Golden Horn of the Bosporus in Turkey, envisioning the strait as a gateway for rich cargoes from Asia.

Europe existed as a conceptual construct long before geographers began arguing whether there are seven continents or six (the latter model considers Europe and Asia to be a single continent). The ancient Greeks divided the world into three major units: Europe, Asia, and Libya, the last of which

Where Eagles Dare, American-British war film, released in 1968, that was an international blockbuster, noted for its thrilling action sequences and fine performances, especially by Richard Burton and Clint Eastwood. A top U.S. general (played by Robert Beatty) is captured by the Germans during

Maxine Kumin: …Still to Mow (2007), and Where I Live (2010) continue to mine Kumin’s abiding interests in country life and family while expanding to encompass seemingly disparate topics, from the Iraq War to the deaths of beloved pets.

Joan Didion: Journalism, Play It as It Lays, screenplays, and memoirs: Where I Was From (2003) pays homage to the peculiarities and history of her home state. After Dunne’s death in 2003, she wrote The Year of Magical Thinking (2005), in which she recounts their marriage and mourns her loss. The memoir won a National Book…

Joyce Carol Oates: Mysteries and memoirs: …prose pieces are included in Where I’ve Been, and Where I’m Going (1999) and In Rough Country (2010). In 2011 Oates published the memoir A Widow’s Story, in which she mourned her husband’s death. The Lost Landscape: A Writer’s Coming of Age (2015) is a memoir elliptically documenting her childhood.