- Richard B. Russell Lake (lake, Georgia-South Carolina, United States)
Abbeville: …the southwest by the state’s Richard B. Russell Lake border with Georgia; the Saluda River forms the county’s northeastern border. Calhoun Falls State Park is on the lake, which is formed by the Richard B. Russell Dam on the Savannah River. A large part of this hilly rural area lies…
- Richard Carvel (work by Churchill)
Winston Churchill: His next, Richard Carvel (1899), a novel of Revolutionary Maryland in which the hero serves as a naval officer under John Paul Jones, sold nearly 1,000,000 copies. Then followed another great success, The Crisis (1901), a novel of the American Civil War, in which the heroine is…
- Richard Chaffers and Company (British pottery manufacturer)
Liverpool porcelain: The earliest factory was Richard Chaffers and Company, which first made phosphatic porcelain and then, in 1756, started producing steatitic, or soaprock, porcelain. The products resembled Worcester porcelain. Most of the plates made by the factory are octagonal, and some tea and coffee sets are six-sided. Liverpool porcelain was…
- Richard Coeur de Lion (opera by Grétry)
André-Ernest-Modeste Grétry: His masterpiece, Richard Coeur de Lion (1784; “Richard the Lionheart”), is an early example of French Romantic opera.
- Richard Coeur de Lion (king of England)
Richard I was the duke of Aquitaine (from 1168) and of Poitiers (from 1172) and king of England, duke of Normandy, and count of Anjou (1189–99). His knightly manner and his prowess in the Third Crusade (1189–92) made him a popular king in his own time as well as the hero of countless romantic
- Richard Cory (poem by Robinson)
Richard Cory, poem by Edwin Arlington Robinson, published in the collection The Children of the Night (1897). “Richard Cory,” perhaps his best-known poem, is one of several works Robinson set in Tilbury Town, a fictional New England village. The Tilbury Town community, represented by the collective
- Richard de Bury (English bishop, diplomat, and scholar)
Richard de Bury was a scholar, diplomat, and bishop of Durham, who was a noted English bibliophile. After studying at the University of Oxford, Richard joined a Benedictine monastery and became a tutor to the future Edward III of England. Having cultivated an interest in books at an early age,
- Richard de Wicio (English bishop)
Saint Richard of Chichester ; canonized Jan. 28, 1262; feast day April 3) was a bishop of Chichester, who championed the ideals of St. Edmund of Abingdon. After becoming an M.A. of Oxford, Richard studied canon law at Paris and perhaps at Bologna and later became chancellor of Oxford. From 1236 to
- Richard de Wych (English bishop)
Saint Richard of Chichester ; canonized Jan. 28, 1262; feast day April 3) was a bishop of Chichester, who championed the ideals of St. Edmund of Abingdon. After becoming an M.A. of Oxford, Richard studied canon law at Paris and perhaps at Bologna and later became chancellor of Oxford. From 1236 to
- Richard Fitznigel (English bishop)
Richard Fitzneale was the bishop of London and treasurer of England under kings Henry II and Richard I and author of the Dialogus de scaccario (“Dialogue of the Exchequer”). Fitzneale was the son of Nigel, bishop of Ely (1133), and the great nephew of Roger, bishop of Salisbury, who had organized
- Richard I (king of England)
Richard I was the duke of Aquitaine (from 1168) and of Poitiers (from 1172) and king of England, duke of Normandy, and count of Anjou (1189–99). His knightly manner and his prowess in the Third Crusade (1189–92) made him a popular king in his own time as well as the hero of countless romantic
- Richard I (duke of Normandy)
Richard I was the duke of Normandy (942–996), son of William I Longsword. Louis IV of France took the boy-duke into his protective custody, apparently intent upon reuniting Normandy to the crown’s domains, but in 945 Louis was captured by the Normans, and Richard was returned to his people. Richard
- Richard II (duke of Normandy)
Richard II was the duke of Normandy (996–1026/27), son of Richard I the Fearless. He held his own against a peasant insurrection, helped Robert II of France against the duchy of Burgundy, and repelled an English attack on the Cotentin Peninsula that was led by the Anglo-Saxon king Ethelred II the
- Richard II (king of England)
Richard II was the king of England from 1377 to 1399. An ambitious ruler with a lofty conception of the royal office, he was deposed by his cousin Henry Bolingbroke (Henry IV) because of his arbitrary and factional rule. Richard was the younger and only surviving son of Edward, the Black Prince,
- Richard II (fictional character)
Richard II: The story of Richard II was taken mainly from Raphael Holinshed’s Chronicles (1577). While much of the play is true to the facts of Richard’s life, Shakespeare’s account of his murder rests on no reliable authority.
- Richard II (work by Shakespeare)
Richard II, chronicle play in five acts by William Shakespeare, written in 1595–96 and published in a quarto edition in 1597 and in the First Folio of 1623. The play is the first in a sequence of four history plays (the other three being Henry IV, Part 1, Henry IV, Part 2, and Henry V). Known
- Richard III (film by Loncraine [1995])
Annette Bening: Career: …also played Queen Elizabeth in Richard III (both 1995). She later appeared with Denzel Washington in the thriller The Siege (1998). For her portrayal of the success-obsessed wife of the protagonist in American Beauty (1999), Bening was again nominated for an Oscar.
- Richard III (play by Shakespeare)
Richard III, chronicle play in five acts by William Shakespeare, written about 1592–94 and published in 1597 in a quarto edition seemingly reconstructed from memory by the acting company when a copy of the play was missing. The text in the First Folio of 1623 is substantially better, having been
- Richard III (duke of Normandy)
Richard III was the duke of Normandy (1026–27, or 1027), son of Richard II the Good. He was succeeding in quelling the revolt of his brother, Robert, when he died opportunely, perhaps of poison, making way for his brother’s succession as Robert
- Richard III (fictional character)
Richard III, fictional character, based on the historical Richard III, in William Shakespeare’s group of four plays known as the “first tetralogy,” which chronicle English history during the Wars of the Roses. He is the son of Richard Plantagenet, duke of York, and first appears in Henry VI, Part
- Richard III (king of England)
Richard III was the last Plantagenet and Yorkist king of England. He usurped the throne of his nephew Edward V in 1483 and perished in defeat to Henry Tudor (thereafter Henry VII) at the Battle of Bosworth Field. For almost 500 years after his death, he was generally depicted as the worst and most
- Richard III (film by Olivier [1955])
Richard III: Adaptations: …of Richard III made in 1955 and 1995, respectively. In the Olivier version Richard’s opening soliloquy is combined with his speech from Henry VI, Part 3. Benedict Cumberbatch took the role in The Hollow Crown (2012–16), a BBC series that adapted several of Shakespeare’s history plays. Other actors to have…
- Richard IV of Normandy (king of England)
Richard I was the duke of Aquitaine (from 1168) and of Poitiers (from 1172) and king of England, duke of Normandy, and count of Anjou (1189–99). His knightly manner and his prowess in the Third Crusade (1189–92) made him a popular king in his own time as well as the hero of countless romantic
- Richard IV, duke of Normandy (king of England)
Richard I was the duke of Aquitaine (from 1168) and of Poitiers (from 1172) and king of England, duke of Normandy, and count of Anjou (1189–99). His knightly manner and his prowess in the Third Crusade (1189–92) made him a popular king in his own time as well as the hero of countless romantic
- Richard Jewell (film by Eastwood [2019])
Clint Eastwood: 2000 and beyond: …for his next directorial effort, Richard Jewell (2019), a biopic that centers on the Atlanta Olympic Games bombing of 1996 and Jewell, the security guard who was wrongly suspected of the attack. In 2021 Eastwood directed and starred in Cry Macho, a story of redemption centering on a former rodeo…
- Richard le Bon (duke of Normandy)
Richard II was the duke of Normandy (996–1026/27), son of Richard I the Fearless. He held his own against a peasant insurrection, helped Robert II of France against the duchy of Burgundy, and repelled an English attack on the Cotentin Peninsula that was led by the Anglo-Saxon king Ethelred II the
- Richard le Grant (archbishop of Canterbury)
Richard le Grant was the 45th archbishop of Canterbury (1229–31), who asserted the independence of the clergy and of his see from royal control. Richard was the chancellor of Lincoln Cathedral (1221–29), Lincolnshire. He was then appointed archbishop by Pope Gregory IX at the request of King Henry
- Richard Nixon’s “last” press conference (press conference, 1962)
Richard Nixon’s “last” press conference, (1962) press conference at which Republican politician Richard Nixon, the former U.S. vice president (1953–61), having lost a close race for the presidency to John F. Kennedy (1960) and a run for the governorship of California to incumbent Edmund G. (“Pat”)
- Richard of Aversa (prince of Capua)
Nicholas II: …Apulia, Calabria, and Sicily and Richard of Aversa as prince of Capua, making them vassals of Rome. Both princes swore an oath of fealty to the pope and promised aid. Robert also swore to help Nicholas regain control of papal territories, to preserve Nicholas in office, and to aid the…
- Richard of Chichester, Saint (English bishop)
Saint Richard of Chichester ; canonized Jan. 28, 1262; feast day April 3) was a bishop of Chichester, who championed the ideals of St. Edmund of Abingdon. After becoming an M.A. of Oxford, Richard studied canon law at Paris and perhaps at Bologna and later became chancellor of Oxford. From 1236 to
- Richard of Ely (English bishop)
Richard Fitzneale was the bishop of London and treasurer of England under kings Henry II and Richard I and author of the Dialogus de scaccario (“Dialogue of the Exchequer”). Fitzneale was the son of Nigel, bishop of Ely (1133), and the great nephew of Roger, bishop of Salisbury, who had organized
- Richard of Saint-Victor (French theologian)
Richard of Saint-Victor was a Roman Catholic theologian whose treatises profoundly influenced medieval and modern mysticism. Richard entered the Abbey of Saint-Victor, Paris, and studied under the scholastic theologian and philosopher Hugh of Saint-Victor, becoming prior in 1162. Although Richard
- Richard of Wethershed (archbishop of Canterbury)
Richard le Grant was the 45th archbishop of Canterbury (1229–31), who asserted the independence of the clergy and of his see from royal control. Richard was the chancellor of Lincoln Cathedral (1221–29), Lincolnshire. He was then appointed archbishop by Pope Gregory IX at the request of King Henry
- Richard Pryor: Live on the Sunset Strip (film by Layton [1982])
Richard Pryor: …his own concert films, including Richard Pryor: Live on the Sunset Strip (1982). In 1986 he starred in the autobiographical Jo Jo Dancer, Your Life Is Calling. His stand-up performances also were documented in comedy albums, for which he won five Grammy Awards. As a comedy writer, Pryor received an…
- Richard Rolle de Hampole (British mystic)
Richard Rolle was an English mystic and author of mystical and ascetic tracts. Rolle attended the University of Oxford but, dissatisfied with the subjects of study and the disputatiousness there, left without a degree. He established himself as a hermit on the estate of John Dalton of Pickering,
- Richard sans Peur (duke of Normandy)
Richard I was the duke of Normandy (942–996), son of William I Longsword. Louis IV of France took the boy-duke into his protective custody, apparently intent upon reuniting Normandy to the crown’s domains, but in 945 Louis was captured by the Normans, and Richard was returned to his people. Richard
- Richard Savage (work by Gutzkow)
Karl Gutzkow: …release he produced the tragedy Richard Savage (1839), the first in a series of well-constructed and effective plays. His domestic tragedy Werner oder Herz und Welt (1840; “Werner or Heart and World”) long remained in the repertory of the German theatres. Gutzkow also wrote Das Urbild des Tartüffe (1844; “The…
- Richard Scarry’s Best Word Book Ever (work by Scarry)
Richard Scarry: Career and family life: His first big success was Richard Scarry’s Best Word Book Ever (1963), which was the first large-format title in his Best Ever educational book series. Its pages are crammed with more than 1,400 labeled illustrations arranged in thematic groupings designed to entertain children as they learn new words. His illustrations…
- Richard Strongbow (Anglo-Norman lord)
Richard FitzGilbert, 2nd earl of Pembroke was an Anglo-Norman lord whose invasion of Ireland in 1170 initiated the opening phase of the English conquest. The son of Gilbert FitzGilbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke, he succeeded to his father’s estates in southern Wales in 1148/49. Pembroke had evidently
- Richard the Fearless (duke of Normandy)
Richard I was the duke of Normandy (942–996), son of William I Longsword. Louis IV of France took the boy-duke into his protective custody, apparently intent upon reuniting Normandy to the crown’s domains, but in 945 Louis was captured by the Normans, and Richard was returned to his people. Richard
- Richard the Good (duke of Normandy)
Richard II was the duke of Normandy (996–1026/27), son of Richard I the Fearless. He held his own against a peasant insurrection, helped Robert II of France against the duchy of Burgundy, and repelled an English attack on the Cotentin Peninsula that was led by the Anglo-Saxon king Ethelred II the
- Richard the Justiciar (count of Autun)
France: Principalities north of the Loire: …first achieved princely identity under Richard the Justiciar (880–921). Defeating Magyars and Vikings as well as exploiting the rivalries of his neighbours, Richard was regarded (like his near contemporary Arnulf I of Flanders) as virtually a king. Ducal power was contested and diminished thereafter, but it survived as the patrimony…
- Richard the Lionheart (king of England)
Richard I was the duke of Aquitaine (from 1168) and of Poitiers (from 1172) and king of England, duke of Normandy, and count of Anjou (1189–99). His knightly manner and his prowess in the Third Crusade (1189–92) made him a popular king in his own time as well as the hero of countless romantic
- Richard the Lionhearted (king of England)
Richard I was the duke of Aquitaine (from 1168) and of Poitiers (from 1172) and king of England, duke of Normandy, and count of Anjou (1189–99). His knightly manner and his prowess in the Third Crusade (1189–92) made him a popular king in his own time as well as the hero of countless romantic
- Richard, Cliff (British singer)
Cliff Richard is a British singer whose “Move It” (1958) was the first great British rock-and-roll song. Having played in skiffle bands during his youth in northern London, Richard, backed by a band that eventually became known as the Shadows, moved on to rock and roll. Dubbed the British Elvis
- Richard, Maurice (Canadian ice hockey player)
10 Best Hockey Players of All Time: Maurice Richard: …years with the Montreal Canadiens, Maurice Richard won eight Stanley Cups (1944, 1946, 1953, 1956–60). He was also known for his aggressive play and hot temper. An idol among French Canadians, his suspension (for fighting) in 1955 caused fans to riot in Montreal.
- Richard, Mira (French Hindu teacher)
Hinduism: Aurobindo Ashram: …Aurobindo Ashram was assumed by Mira Richard, a Frenchwoman who had been one of his disciples.
- Richard, Rocket (Canadian ice hockey player)
10 Best Hockey Players of All Time: Maurice Richard: …years with the Montreal Canadiens, Maurice Richard won eight Stanley Cups (1944, 1946, 1953, 1956–60). He was also known for his aggressive play and hot temper. An idol among French Canadians, his suspension (for fighting) in 1955 caused fans to riot in Montreal.
- Richard, Sir Cliff (British singer)
Cliff Richard is a British singer whose “Move It” (1958) was the first great British rock-and-roll song. Having played in skiffle bands during his youth in northern London, Richard, backed by a band that eventually became known as the Shadows, moved on to rock and roll. Dubbed the British Elvis
- Richard-Ginori porcelain (art)
Doccia porcelain, porcelain produced at a factory near Florence founded by Marchese Carlo Ginori in 1735; until 1896 the enterprise operated under the name Doccia, since then under the name Richard-Ginori. After an initial experimental period, during which he imported Chinese porcelain samples,
- Richard-Molard, Jacques (French geographer)
Richat Structure: …in 1948, by French geographer Jacques Richard-Molard, who called it the “Richat boutonniere.” It has often been photographed from space since astronauts James McDivitt and Edward White captured a spectacular image of it during the Gemini 4 mission in June 1965.
- Richard-Toll (Senegal)
Sénégal River: Agriculture and irrigation: At Richard-Toll a large area is irrigated by means of a dam across the Taoué (Taouey), a tributary stream up which Sénégal floods penetrate to Lake Guier. Rice and sugarcane have been grown there by the use of mechanized equipment and paid labour, although rice yields…
- Richards Medical Research Building (building, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States)
Louis Kahn: His Richards Medical Research Building (1960–65) at the university is outstanding for its expression of the distinction between “servant” and “served” spaces. The servant spaces (stairwells, elevators, exhaust and intake vents, and pipes) are isolated in four towers, distinct from the served spaces (laboratories and offices).…
- Richards, Amy (American feminist)
feminism: Foundations: Jennifer Baumgardner and Amy Richards, authors of Manifesta: Young Women, Feminism, and the Future (2000), were both born in 1970 and raised by second wavers who had belonged to organized feminist groups, questioned the sexual division of labor in their households, and raised their daughters to be self-aware,…
- Richards, Ann (governor of Texas, United States)
Ann Richards was an American Democratic politician who served as governor of Texas from 1991 to 1995. A prominent figure in that state’s politics, Richards gained national attention for her keynote speech at the 1988 Democratic National Convention. Throughout her career she fought for civil rights
- Richards, Audrey I. (British anthropologist)
Audrey I. Richards was an English social anthropologist and educator known chiefly for her researches among several eastern African peoples, especially the Bemba. She did fieldwork in Northern Rhodesia (Zambia), Uganda, and the Transvaal. Among her subjects of study were social psychology, food
- Richards, Audrey Isabel (British anthropologist)
Audrey I. Richards was an English social anthropologist and educator known chiefly for her researches among several eastern African peoples, especially the Bemba. She did fieldwork in Northern Rhodesia (Zambia), Uganda, and the Transvaal. Among her subjects of study were social psychology, food
- Richards, Bob (American athlete)
Bob Richards was an American athlete, the first pole-vaulter to win two Olympic gold medals. Sportswriters called him “the Vaulting Vicar” because he was an ordained minister. Richards was interested in athletics from boyhood, participating in diving and tumbling before taking up the pole vault in
- Richards, Cecile (American activist and administrator)
Cecile Richards was an American activist and administrator who was president of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America (2006–18). Richards grew up in a liberal family; her father, David, was a civil rights attorney, and her mother, Ann, was a homemaker who later became a politician. As a
- Richards, David Adams (Canadian author)
Canadian literature: Fiction: David Adams Richards’s novels depict the bleakness of New Brunswick communities (Lives of Short Duration, 1981; Nights Below Station Street, 1988; Mercy Among the Children, 2000), while Guy Vanderhaeghe’s fiction has its roots in the Prairies (The Englishman’s Boy, 1996). In Clara Callan (2001), Richard…
- Richards, Dickinson Woodruff (American physiologist)
Dickinson Woodruff Richards was an American physiologist who shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1956 with Werner Forssmann and André F. Cournand. Cournand and Richards adapted Forssmann’s technique of using a flexible tube (catheter), conducted from an elbow vein to the heart, as
- Richards, Ellen Swallow (American chemist)
Ellen Swallow Richards was an American chemist and founder of the home economics movement in the United States. Ellen Swallow was educated mainly at home. She briefly attended Westford Academy and also taught school for a time. Swallow was trained as a chemist, earning an A.B. from Vassar College
- Richards, Gordon Waugh (British jockey and racehorse trainer)
Sir Gordon Richards was an English jockey, the first to ride 4,000 winners and the leading rider in British flat (Thoroughbred) racing for 26 of his 34 seasons (1921–54). His career total of 4,870 victories was a world record, broken by Johnny Longden of the United States on Sept. 3, 1956. He was
- Richards, I.A. (British critic and poet)
I.A. Richards was an English critic, poet, and teacher who was highly influential in developing a new way of reading poetry that led to the New Criticism and that also influenced some forms of reader-response criticism. Richards was educated at Magdalene College, Cambridge, and was a lecturer in
- Richards, Ivor Armstrong (British critic and poet)
I.A. Richards was an English critic, poet, and teacher who was highly influential in developing a new way of reading poetry that led to the New Criticism and that also influenced some forms of reader-response criticism. Richards was educated at Magdalene College, Cambridge, and was a lecturer in
- Richards, Kathleen (American reformer)
Kate Richards O’Hare Cunningham was an American socialist and reformer whose vocal political activism led to a brief prison stint and a longer subsequent career as a prison-reform advocate. After brief attendance at a normal (teachers) school in Nebraska, Kathleen Richards taught for a short time
- Richards, Keith (British musician)
Keith Richards is a British musician and guitar innovator best known as the guitarist and songwriter for the British rock band the Rolling Stones. The hard-edged, energetic rock act, one of the most successful in music history, owes much of its success to Richards’s chord-heavy playing style, which
- Richards, Laura E. (American author)
children’s literature: Peaks and plateaus (1865–1940): …the topflight nonsense verses of Laura E. Richards, whose collected rhymes in Tirra Lirra (1932) will almost bear comparison with those of Edward Lear. Less memorable are the works of Lucy Fitch Perkins, Joseph Altsheler, Ralph Henry Barbour, Kate Douglas Wiggin, Eliza Orne White, and the two Burgesses—Thornton and Gelett.…
- Richards, Lloyd (American theatrical director)
Today in History—March 11: A Raisin in the Sun Makes Theatrical History: …play produced on Broadway, and Lloyd Richards became the first Black director of a Broadway production. That night marked the beginning of the play’s unlikely ascent to becoming one of the most important works in American drama.
- Richards, Mark (Australian surfer)
Mark Richards is an Australian surfer who was a four-time world champion (1979–82) and the first professional surfer to win multiple world titles. Richards was taken to the beach by his sun-loving parents at an early age and was riding a scaled-down surfboard at age six. By the 1970s he had emerged
- Richards, Michael (American actor and comedian)
Michael Richards is an American actor and comedian best known for his portrayal of Cosmo Kramer on the critically acclaimed situation comedy Seinfeld (1989–98). In addition to Seinfeld, Richards has appeared in numerous television shows and films, including the late-night sketch comedy show Fridays
- Richards, Michael Anthony (American actor and comedian)
Michael Richards is an American actor and comedian best known for his portrayal of Cosmo Kramer on the critically acclaimed situation comedy Seinfeld (1989–98). In addition to Seinfeld, Richards has appeared in numerous television shows and films, including the late-night sketch comedy show Fridays
- Richards, Norah (Irish-Indian actress)
South Asian arts: Modern theatre: Norah Richards, an Irish-born actress who came to the Punjab in 1911, produced in 1914 the first Punjabi play, Dulhan (“The Bride”), written by her pupil I.C. Nanda. For 50 years she promoted rural drama and inspired actors and producers, including Prithvi Raj Kapoor.
- Richards, Robert Eugene (American athlete)
Bob Richards was an American athlete, the first pole-vaulter to win two Olympic gold medals. Sportswriters called him “the Vaulting Vicar” because he was an ordained minister. Richards was interested in athletics from boyhood, participating in diving and tumbling before taking up the pole vault in
- Richards, Sir Gordon (British jockey and racehorse trainer)
Sir Gordon Richards was an English jockey, the first to ride 4,000 winners and the leading rider in British flat (Thoroughbred) racing for 26 of his 34 seasons (1921–54). His career total of 4,870 victories was a world record, broken by Johnny Longden of the United States on Sept. 3, 1956. He was
- Richards, Sir Isaac Vivian Alexander (Antiguan cricket player)
Viv Richards is a West Indian cricketer, arguably the finest batsman of his generation. The son of Malcolm Richards, Antigua’s leading fast bowler, Viv Richards followed in a family tradition that included two brothers who also played cricket for Antigua. Richards began his Test (international)
- Richards, Sir William Buell (Canadian jurist)
Sir William Buell Richards was a politician and jurist who was the first chief justice of the Supreme Court of Canada (1875–79). He was educated at Johnstown District Grammar School in his native Brockville and at the St. Lawrence Academy in Potsdam, N.Y., and then studied law in an uncle’s law
- Richards, Theodore William (American chemist)
Theodore William Richards was an American chemist whose accurate determination of the atomic weights of approximately 25 elements indicated the existence of isotopes and earned him the 1914 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Richards graduated from Haverford College, Pa., in 1885 and took advanced degrees
- Richards, Viv (Antiguan cricket player)
Viv Richards is a West Indian cricketer, arguably the finest batsman of his generation. The son of Malcolm Richards, Antigua’s leading fast bowler, Viv Richards followed in a family tradition that included two brothers who also played cricket for Antigua. Richards began his Test (international)
- Richards, William (American missionary)
William Richards was an American missionary who helped to promote a liberal constitutional monarchy in the Hawaiian Islands. He graduated from Williams College (Massachusetts) in 1819 and from Andover Theological Seminary in 1822. In the fall of 1822 he married and, with his bride, sailed for the
- Richardson (Texas, United States)
Richardson, city, northern suburb of Dallas, Dallas and Collin counties, northern Texas, U.S. The original founders settled Breckenridge township (c. 1853) south of the present city limits in what is now Restland. In 1872 Ryley and Jack Wheeler gave land for a town site and right-of-way to the
- Richardson Mountains (mountains, Canada)
Richardson Mountains, range of the Canadian Rocky Mountains that parallels the northernmost part of the boundary of the Yukon and Northwest Territories, northwestern Canada. Trending northwest-southeast, the Richardson Mountains are the northern extremity of the Rockies. They rise to an elevation
- Richardson number (meteorology)
Richardson number, parameter that can be used to predict the occurrence of fluid turbulence and, hence, the destruction of density currents in water or air. It was defined by the British meteorologist Lewis Fry Richardson, a pioneer in mathematical weather forecasting. Essentially the ratio of the
- Richardson’s ground squirrel (rodent)
Canada: Grasslands: …the common grassland mammals are Richardson’s ground squirrel and the pocket gopher, both of which damage young grain crops. They continue to proliferate despite predation by badgers, hawks, and owls and farmers’ attempts at control. The first settlers to cross the Canadian prairies encountered enormous herds of bison (often called…
- Richardson’s law (physics)
electricity: Thermionic emission: A formula known as Richardson’s law (first proposed by the English physicist Owen W. Richardson) is roughly valid for all metals. It is usually expressed in terms of the emission current density (J) as in amperes per square metre. The Boltzmann constant k has the value
- Richardson, Anna M. (American philanthropist)
Anna M. Richardson Harkness was an American philanthropist, perhaps best remembered for establishing the Commonwealth Fund, which continues as a major foundation focusing largely on health services and medical education and research. Anna Richardson married Stephen V. Harkness, a businessman, in
- Richardson, Benjamin (British glassmaker)
Benjamin Richardson was the founder of one of the great English glass-manufacturing houses, who was instrumental in the introduction of modern glass-working methods to England. Richardson’s Stourbridge factory was the first in the country to have a threading machine for making filigree glass and
- Richardson, Bill (American politician)
Bill Richardson was an American politician, who served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1983–97), a member of Pres. Bill Clinton’s cabinet (1997–2001), and governor of New Mexico (2003–11) and who sought the Democratic nomination for president in 2008. Richardson’s father, an
- Richardson, Cecil Antonio (British director and producer)
Tony Richardson was an English theatrical and motion-picture director whose experimental productions stimulated a renewal of creative vitality on the British stage during the 1950s. He was also known for his film adaptations of literary and dramatic works. In 1953, after graduating from the
- Richardson, Charles (British lexicographer)
dictionary: Since 1828: Charles Richardson was also an industrious collector, presenting his dictionary, from 1818 on, distributed alphabetically throughout the Encyclopaedia Metropolitana (vol. 14 to 25) and then reissued as a separate work in 1835–37. Richardson was a disciple of the benighted John Horne Tooke, whose 18th-century theories…
- Richardson, Clifford (American engineer)
road: New paving materials: …of asphalts and cements by Clifford Richardson, who set about the task of codifying the specifications for asphalt mixes. Richardson basically developed two forms of asphalt: asphaltic concrete, which was strong and stiff and thus provided structural strength; and hot-rolled asphalt, which contained more bitumen and thus produced a far…
- Richardson, Dorothy Gay (American softball player)
Dot Richardson is an American physician and a former softball player who was a member of Olympic gold-medal-winning teams in 1996 and 2000. Because Richardson’s father was an air force mechanic, she spent her early years on various military bases in the United States and abroad. She began playing
- Richardson, Dorothy M. (British novelist)
Dorothy M. Richardson was an English novelist, an often neglected pioneer in stream-of-consciousness fiction. Richardson passed her childhood and youth in secluded surroundings in late Victorian England. After her schooling, which ended when, in her 17th year, her parents separated, she engaged in
- Richardson, Dorothy Miller (British novelist)
Dorothy M. Richardson was an English novelist, an often neglected pioneer in stream-of-consciousness fiction. Richardson passed her childhood and youth in secluded surroundings in late Victorian England. After her schooling, which ended when, in her 17th year, her parents separated, she engaged in
- Richardson, Dot (American softball player)
Dot Richardson is an American physician and a former softball player who was a member of Olympic gold-medal-winning teams in 1996 and 2000. Because Richardson’s father was an air force mechanic, she spent her early years on various military bases in the United States and abroad. She began playing
- Richardson, Ebenezer (British loyalist)
Boston Massacre: The killing of Christopher Seider and the end of the rope: On February 22, when Ebenezer Richardson, who was known to the radicals as an informer, tried to take down one of those signs from the shop of his neighbour Theophilus Lillie, he was set upon by a group of boys. The boys drove Richardson back into his own nearby…
- Richardson, Elaine Potter (Caribbean American author)
Jamaica Kincaid is a Caribbean American writer whose essays, stories, and novels are lyrical, evocative portrayals of family relationships and her native Antigua. Other notable themes in her work include feminism, postcolonialism, and gardening. Born Elaine Potter Richardson, she was raised by her
- Richardson, Elliot Lee (American lawyer)
Richard Nixon: Watergate and other scandals: …Massacre, Nixon ordered Attorney General Elliot Richardson to fire Cox, and Richardson resigned rather than comply. Nixon then fired Richardson’s assistant, William Ruckelshaus, when he too refused to fire Cox. Cox was finally removed by Solicitor General Robert Bork, though a federal district court subsequently ruled the action illegal.
- Richardson, Eveline Mabel (American economist and educator)
Eveline M. Burns was a British-born American economist and educator, best remembered for her role in creating U.S. social security policy and for her work to further public understanding of it. Eveline Richardson worked as an administrative assistant in Great Britain’s Ministry of Labour while
- Richardson, H.H. (American architect)
H.H. Richardson was an American architect, the initiator of the Romanesque revival in the United States and a pioneer figure in the development of an indigenous, modern American style of architecture. Richardson was the great-grandson of the discoverer of oxygen, Joseph Priestley. His distinguished