Internet & Communication, MS--PAR
The development of the World Wide Web had a massive impact on the ways in which people interact and communicate, ultimately paving the way for the heavily interconnected world that we live in today. Although Internet communication dominates in many spheres of life, other means of communication remain no less important.
Internet & Communication Encyclopedia Articles By Title
MS-DOS
MS-DOS, the dominant operating system for the personal computer (PC) throughout the 1980s. The acquisition and......
Muddiman, Henry
Henry Muddiman was an English journalist who supported the Royalist cause during the Civil Wars and became a privileged......
mug shot
mug shot, photographic image taken by law enforcement officials during the booking process to be used to identify......
Muggeridge, Malcolm
Malcolm Muggeridge was a British journalist and social critic. A lecturer in Cairo in the late 1920s, he worked......
multiplexing
multiplexing, simultaneous electronic transmission of two or more messages in one or both directions over a single......
multiprocessing
multiprocessing, in computing, a mode of operation in which two or more processors in a computer simultaneously......
multitasking
multitasking, the running of multiple programs (sets of instructions) in one computer at the same time. Multitasking......
Munday, Anthony
Anthony Munday was an English poet, dramatist, pamphleteer, and translator. The son of a draper, Munday began his......
Munsey, Frank Andrew
Frank Andrew Munsey was a newspaper and magazine publisher, a dominant figure in the trend toward journalistic......
Murdoch, Rupert
Rupert Murdoch is an Australian-born American newspaper publisher and media entrepreneur who founded (1979) the......
Murdock, George P.
George P. Murdock was an American anthropologist who specialized in comparative ethnology, the ethnography of African......
Murrow, Edward R.
Edward R. Murrow was a radio and television broadcaster who was the most influential and esteemed figure in American......
museum
museum, institution dedicated to preserving and interpreting the primary tangible evidence of humankind and the......
- Introduction
- Collections, Preservation, Education
- Renaissance, Italy, Art
- Preservation, Education, Collections
- Art, History, Culture
- Cultural Institution, Preservation, Education
- Cultural Institution, Preservation, Education
- Preservation, Education, Collections
- Conservation, Education, Preservation
- Art, History, Science
- Natural History, Science, Education
- Collections, Preservation, Education
- Art, Collections, Exhibits
- Collections, Preservation, Education
- Collection, Preservation, Education
- Preservation, Education, Exhibition
- Conservation, Preservation, Education
- Education, Preservation, Collections
music recording
music recording, physical record of a musical performance that can then be played back, or reproduced. Because......
MYCIN
MYCIN, an early expert system, or artificial intelligence (AI) program, for treating blood infections. In 1972......
Myspace
Myspace, website and social media platform that was the most popular social network from 2005 to 2008. The site,......
MySQL
MySQL, open-source relational database management software, owned by the computer software company Oracle, that......
Nakae ChĆmin
Nakae ChĆmin was a noted writer who popularized the equalitarian doctrines of the French philosopher Jean-Jacques......
Napster
Napster, music file-sharing computer service created by American college student Shawn Fanning in 1999. Napster......
National Archives and Records Administration
National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), independent federal agency headquartered in Washington, D.C.,......
National Science Foundation
National Science Foundation (NSF), an independent agency of the U.S. government that supports basic research and......
natural language processing
natural language processing (NLP), in computer science, the use of operations, systems, and technologies that allow......
Navajo Code Talkers Infographic
The Navajo code talkers were Native American men serving as U.S. Marines in the Pacific theater of World War II......
navigation chart
navigation chart, map designed and used primarily for navigation. A nautical chart presents most of the information......
NEC Corporation
NEC Corporation, major Japanese multinational corporation, producer of telecommunications equipment and related......
Needham, Marchamont
Marchamont Needham was a British journalist and publisher of the Mercurius Britanicus, an anti-Royalist commentary......
negative
negative, a semitransparent photographic image on a transparent base, which displays an inverted version of the......
Nelson, William Rockhill
William Rockhill Nelson was an American journalist, editor, and publisher who helped found The Kansas City Star......
Net neutrality
...
net neutrality
net neutrality, principle that Internet service providers (ISPs) should not discriminate among providers of content.......
netbook
netbook, informal classification used in the early 21st century for a variety of small low-cost mobile personal......
netiquette
netiquette, guidelines for courteous communication in the online environment. It includes proper manners for sending......
Netscape Communications Corp.
Netscape Communications Corp. , American developer of Internet software with headquarters in Mountain View, California.......
neural network
neural network, a computer program that operates in a manner inspired by the natural neural network in the brain.......
new media
New media is a complex, relative term. It broadly refers to new environments of communication that arose from the......
Newbery, John
John Newbery was an English publisher. In 1744, he set up a bookshop and publishing house in London, and it became......
Newhouse family
Newhouse family, family that built the second largest publishing empire in the United States in the second half......
news agency
news agency, organization that gathers, writes, and distributes news from around a nation or the world to newspapers,......
news aggregator
news aggregator, online platform or software device that collects news stories and other information as that information......
News Corporation
News Corporation (âNews Corpâ) is a multinational media and information services conglomerate that was originally......
newscast
newscast, radio or television summary of news events read by a newscaster or produced with a combination of reading......
newsgroup
newsgroup, Internet-based discussion group, similar to a bulletin board system (BBS), where people post messages......
newsletter
newsletter, informal publication, often simple in format and crisp in style, that provides special information,......
newspaper
newspaper, a publication and form of mass communication and mass media usually issued daily, weekly, or at other......
newspaper syndicate
newspaper syndicate, agency that sells to newspapers and other media special writing and artwork, often written......
Ngubane, Jordan Kush
Jordan Kush Ngubane was a Zulu novelist, scholar, and editor for the South African publications Ilanga lase Natal......
Nichols, John
John Nichols was a writer, printer, and antiquary who, through numerous volumes of literary anecdotes, made an......
Nichols, Mary Gove
Mary Gove Nichols was an American writer and advocate of womenâs rights and health reform. Nichols is best known......
Nicholson, Eliza Jane Poitevent Holbrook
Eliza Jane Poitevent Holbrook Nicholson was an American poet and journalist, the first woman publisher of a daily......
Niles, Hezekiah
Hezekiah Niles was an editor and newspaper publisher who was one of the foremost figures in early American journalism.......
Nintendo console
Nintendo console, groundbreaking eight-bit video game console created by Japanese designer Uemura Masayuki. The......
Nintendo Wii
Nintendo Wii, electronic game console, released by the Nintendo Company of Japan in 2006. Instead of directly competing......
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT), Japanese telecommunications company that almost monopolizes Japanâs......
Nishi Amane
Nishi Amane was a philosopher, writer, and publisher who helped introduce Western philosophy, especially British......
non-fungible token
non-fungible token (NFT), a non-interchangeable digital asset such as a photograph, song, or video whose ownership......
Northcliffe, Alfred Charles William Harmsworth, Viscount
Alfred Charles William Harmsworth, Viscount Northcliffe was one of the most successful newspaper publishers in......
Northrop Grumman Corporation
Northrop Grumman Corporation, major American manufacturer specializing in defense and commercial aerospace, electronics,......
Norton, Charles Eliot
Charles Eliot Norton was an American scholar and man of letters, an idealist and reformer by temperament, who exhibited......
NougayrĂšde, Natalie
Natalie NougayrĂšde is a French journalist who served as executive editor and managing editor of the flagship French......
nouvelle artificial intelligence
nouvelle artificial intelligence, an approach to artificial intelligence (AI) pioneered at the Massachusetts Institute......
Novikov, Nikolay Ivanovich
Nikolay Ivanovich Novikov was a Russian writer, philanthropist, and Freemason whose activities were intended to......
number
number, any of the positive or negative integers or any of the set of all real or complex numbers, the latter containing......
number sign
number sign, versatile symbol (#) most commonly used to preface numbers (e.g., apartment #1) but which encompasses......
numerals and numeral systems
Numerals are the symbols used to represent small numbers, and numeral systems are collections of these symbols......
Nyquist, Harry
Harry Nyquist was an American physicist and electrical and communications engineer, a prolific inventor who made......
object-oriented programming
object-oriented programming, use of predefined programming modular units (objects, classes, subclasses, and so......
Ochs, Adolph Simon
Adolph Simon Ochs was an American newspaper publisher under whose ownership (from 1896) The New York Times became......
offset printing
offset printing, in commercial printing, widely used printing technique in which the inked image on a printing......
Ogilby, John
John Ogilby was a British printer who was a pioneer in the making of road atlases; as a poet and translator he......
Okumura Masanobu
Okumura Masanobu was a painter and publisher of illustrated books who introduced innovations in woodblock printing......
Olcott, Henry Steel
Henry Steel Olcott was an American author, attorney, philosopher, and cofounder of the Theosophical Society, a......
Olsen, Tillie
Tillie Olsen was an American writer and social activist known for her powerful fiction about the inner lives of......
online gaming
online gaming, electronic game playing over a computer network, particularly over the Internet. Electronic game......
op-ed page
An op-ed is an essay published by a news outlet, either in print or online, that expresses the authorâs viewpoint.......
open source
open source, social movement, begun by computer programmers, that rejects secrecy and centralized control of creative......
operating system
operating system (OS), program that manages a computerâs resources, especially the allocation of those resources......
optical densitometer
optical densitometer, device that measures the quantity of light that passes through a material or is reflected......
optical sound recording
optical sound recording, use of an optical system for registering sound on photographic film; it is a technique......
optical storage
optical storage, electronic storage medium that uses low-power laser beams to record and retrieve digital (binary)......
Orange SA
Orange SA (formerly France TĂ©lĂ©com) is a Paris-based telecommunications company that held a monopoly in Franceâs......
Ortelius, Abraham
Abraham Ortelius was a Flemish cartographer and dealer in maps, books, and antiquities, who published the first......
oscillator
oscillator, any of various electronic devices that produce alternating electric current, commonly employing tuned......
Otis, Harrison Gray
Harrison Gray Otis was an American newspaper publisher who directed the Los Angeles Times from 1886 until after......
Ottendorfer, Anna Sartorius Uhl
Anna Sartorius Uhl Ottendorfer was a publisher and philanthropist who helped establish a major German-American......
Oughtred, William
William Oughtred was an English mathematician and Anglican minister who invented the earliest form of the slide......
Ouologuem, Yambo
Yambo Ouologuem was a Malian writer who was highly acclaimed for his first novel, Le Devoir de violence (1968;......
OâBrien, Conor Cruise
Conor Cruise OâBrien was an Irish diplomat, politician, educator, and journalist who was one of Irelandâs most......
P2P
P2P, type of computer network often used for the distribution of digital media files. In a peer-to-peer (P2P) network,......
packet-switched network
packet-switched network, digital network that transfers data files by breaking them up into smaller units (âpacketsâ)......
Page, Clarence
Clarence Page is an American newspaper columnist and television commentator specializing in urban affairs. While......
Page, Larry
Larry Page is an American computer scientist and entrepreneur who, with Sergey Brin, created the online search......
Page, Walter Hines
Walter Hines Page was a journalist, book publisher, author, and diplomat who, as U.S. ambassador to Great Britain......
Paley, William S.
William S. Paley was an American broadcaster who personified the power and influence of Columbia Broadcasting System......
Pali Text Society
Pali Text Society, organization founded with the intention of editing and publishing the texts of the TheravÄda......
palimpsest
palimpsest, manuscript in roll or codex form carrying a text erased, or partly erased, underneath an apparent additional......
Palm OS
Palm OS, a proprietary operating system used in the late 20th and early 21st centuries for personal computing devices,......
pamphlet
pamphlet, brief booklet; in the UNESCO definition, it is an unbound publication that is not a periodical and contains......
paparazzi
paparazzi, freelance photographers who specialize in capturing candid photos of celebrities for media outlets.......
Parker, Sean
Sean Parker is an American entrepreneur who cofounded the file-sharing service Napster in 1999 and was the first......