Military Leaders, HER-JOI
Meet the military leaders whose strategy, daring, and command on the battlefield altered wars, empires, and the fate of nations.
Military Leaders Encyclopedia Articles By Title
Herkimer, Nicholas
Nicholas Herkimer was an American general during the American Revolution who led American militiamen in the Battle......
Hermaszewski, MirosĆaw
MirosĆaw Hermaszewski is a Polish pilot who was the first Pole in space. A 1965 graduate of the military pilot......
Hermocrates
Hermocrates was a leader of the moderate democrats of Syracuse, Sicily; he played an important role in saving the......
Herr, John K.
John K. Herr was a U.S. Army officer who was the last branch chief of cavalry (1938â42). He was a controversial......
Hertzog, J.B.M.
J.B.M. Hertzog was a soldier and statesman who held the post of prime minister of the Union of South Africa (see......
Herzog, Chaim
Chaim Herzog was an Irish-born Israeli politician, soldier, lawyer, and author. He was an eloquent and passionate......
Heutsz, Johannes Benedictus van
Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz was a Dutch general and governor-general of the Dutch East Indies (1904â09) who......
Hewitt, Henry K
Henry Kent Hewitt was a U.S. naval officer who directed important amphibious landings in Europe during World War......
Heydrich, Reinhard
Reinhard Heydrich was a Nazi German official who was Heinrich Himmlerâs chief lieutenant in the Schutzstaffel (âProtective......
Heyn, Piet
Piet Heyn was an admiral and director of the Dutch West India Company who captured a Spanish treasure fleet (1628)......
Hieron I
Hieron I was the brother of the tyrant Gelon and tyrant of Syracuse, Sicily, from 478 to 467/466 bce. Hieron became......
Hieron II
Hieron II was a tyrant and then king of Syracuse, Sicily, from about 270 to 216/215 bce, who struggled against......
Higashikuni Naruhiko
Higashikuni Naruhiko was a Japanese imperial prince and army commander who was Japanâs first prime minister after......
Hill, A P
A. P. Hill was a Confederate general during the U.S. Civil War who was particularly active in the fighting around......
Hill, Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount, Baron Hill Of Almaraz And Of Hawkestone, Baron Hill Of Almaraz And Of Hardwicke
Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount Hill was a British general and one of the Duke of Wellingtonâs chief lieutenants in......
Hillier, Rick
Rick Hillier is a Canadian army officer who served as the chief of the defense staff (CDS), the top-ranking officer......
Himilco
Himilco was a Carthaginian general who twice made conquests of the Greeks in Sicily that brought him to the gates......
Himmler, Heinrich
Heinrich Himmler was a German Nazi politician, police administrator, and military commander who became the second......
Hindenburg, Paul von
Paul von Hindenburg was a German field marshal during World War I and the second president of the Weimar Republic......
Hirtius, Aulus
Aulus Hirtius was a Roman soldier and writer. Beginning about 54 bc Hirtius served under Julius Caesar in Gaul......
Hitler, Adolf
Adolf Hitler was the leader of the Nazi Party (from 1920/21) and chancellor (Kanzler) and FĂŒhrer of Germany (1933â45).......
Hobart PaĆa
Hobart PaĆa was an English naval captain and adventurer who commanded the Ottoman squadron in the Russo-Turkish......
Hobart, Percy
Percy Hobart was a British army officer and military theorist who developed specialized tanks that were used in......
Hobby, Oveta Culp
Oveta Culp Hobby was an American editor and publisher of the Houston Post (1952â53), the first director of the......
Hoche, Lazare
Lazare Hoche was a general of the French Revolutionary Wars who drove the Austro-Prussian armies from Alsace in......
Hodges, Courtney Hicks
Courtney Hicks Hodges was an American army officer who led the First Army across western Europe in 1944â45 during......
Hodson, William Stephen Raikes
William Stephen Raikes Hodson was a British cavalry leader in India, whose reputation was clouded by charges of......
Hoffmann, Max
Max Hoffmann was a German officer who was primarily responsible for several striking German victories on the Eastern......
Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, Friedrich Ludwig, FĂŒrst zu
Friedrich Ludwig, prince zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen was a Prussian field marshal who commanded one of the two Prussian......
Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, Kraft, Prinz zu
Kraft, prince zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen was a Prussian army officer and military writer. The son of Adolf, Prinz......
Homma Masaharu
Homma Masaharu was a Japanese army general and commander of the Japanese invasion force of the Philippine Islands......
Hood, John B
John B. Hood was a Confederate officer known as a fighting general during the American Civil War, whose vigorous......
Hood, Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount
Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood was a British admiral who served during the Seven Yearsâ War and the American and......
Hooker, Joseph
Joseph Hooker was a Union general in the American Civil War (1861â65) who successfully reorganized the Army of......
Hopkins, Esek
Esek Hopkins was the first commodore of the United States Navy in the period of the American Revolution (1775â83).......
Hopper, Grace
Grace Hopper was an American mathematician and rear admiral in the U.S. Navy who was a pioneer in developing computer......
Hopton, Ralph Hopton, Baron
Ralph Hopton, Baron Hopton was a Royalist commander in the first phase of the English Civil Wars between King Charles......
Horn, Arvid Bernhard, Greve
Arvid Bernhard, Count Horn was a Swedish soldier and statesman who played a key role in beginning Swedenâs 18th-century......
Horthy, MiklĂłs
MiklĂłs Horthy was a Hungarian naval officer and conservative leader who defeated revolutionary forces in Hungary......
Houston, Sam
Sam Houston was an American lawyer and politician, a leader in the Texas Revolution (1834â36) who later served......
Howard, Michelle
Michelle Howard is a U.S. military officer who was the first woman to become a four-star admiral in the U.S. Navy.......
Howard, Oliver O.
Oliver O. Howard was a U.S. Union officer in the American Civil War (1861â65) who headed the Freedmenâs Bureau......
Howe, Richard Howe, Earl, Baron Howe of Langar
Richard Howe, Earl Howe was a British admiral who commanded the Channel fleet at the Battle of the First of June......
Howe, William
William Howe was the commander in chief of the British army in North America (1776â78) who, despite several military......
Hudner, Thomas
Thomas Hudner was an American naval officer who, in an act of bravery that would be recognized with the first Medal......
Hughes, Everett Strait
Everett Strait Hughes was a U.S. Army officer who served command posts in the North African and European theatres......
Hull, Isaac
Isaac Hull was an American naval commodore noted for the victory of his ship the Constitution over the British......
Hull, William
William Hull was a U.S. soldier and civil governor of Michigan Territory (including present Michigan, Wisconsin,......
Humala, Ollanta
Ollanta Humala was a former Peruvian army commander and politician who led an unsuccessful military coup against......
Hume, Joseph
Joseph Hume was a British radical politician responsible for a number of social reforms. After making his fortune......
Humphrey De Hauteville
Humphrey De Hauteville was a soldier of fortune who led the Norman conquest of southern Italy after the deaths......
Hunt, John Hunt, Baron
John Hunt, Baron Hunt was a British army officer, mountaineer, and explorer who led the expedition on which Edmund......
Hunter, David
David Hunter was a Union officer during the American Civil War who issued an emancipation proclamation (May 9,......
Hunyadi, JĂĄnos
JĂĄnos Hunyadi was a Hungarian general and governor of the kingdom of Hungary from 1446 to 1452, who was a leading......
Hurley, Patrick J
Patrick J. Hurley was a military diplomat who served abroadâespecially in the Far Eastâas a personal representative......
Hyder Ali
Hyder Ali was a Muslim ruler of Mysore princely state and military commander who played an important part in the......
Höss, Rudolf Franz
Rudolf Franz Höss was a German soldier and Nazi partisan who served as commandant of the Auschwitz concentration......
HĂŒlegĂŒ
HĂŒlegĂŒ was a Mongol ruler in Iran who founded the Il-Khanid dynasty and, as part of a Mongol program of subduing......
HĆjĆ Tokimasa
HĆjĆ Tokimasa was a Japanese warrior who aided Minamoto Yoritomo in establishing the Kamakura shogunate, the military......
Iberville, Pierre Le Moyne dâ
Pierre Le Moyne dâIberville was a French-Canadian naval hero and explorer, noted for his exploration and battles......
Ibn al-AshÊżath
Ibn al-AshÊżath was an Umayyad general who became celebrated as the leader of a revolt (ad 699â701) against the......
Ibn TĆ«mart
Ibn Tƫmart was a Berber spiritual and military leader who founded the al-Muwaងងidƫn confederation in North Africa......
Ibrahim Lodi
Ibrahim Lodi was the last Afghan sultan of Delhi of the Lodi dynasty. He was a suspicious tyrant who increasingly......
Ibrahim Pasha
Ibrahim Pasha was a viceroy (wÄlÄ«) of Egypt under Ottoman rule and a general of outstanding ability. A son, or......
Igor Svyatoslavich
Igor Svyatoslavich was a prince of the Russian lands of Novgorod-Seversky (modern Novhorod-Siverskyy, Ukraine)......
Ii Naosuke
Ii Naosuke was a Japanese feudal lord and statesman who was responsible for Japanâs signing the first treaty of......
Iphicrates
Iphicrates was an Athenian general known chiefly for his use of lightly armed troops (peltasts); he increased the......
Ireton, Henry
Henry Ireton was an English soldier and statesman, a leader of the Parliamentary cause during the Civil Wars between......
Ironside, William Edmund Ironside, 1st Baron
William Edmund Ironside, 1st Baron Ironside was a British field marshal. After serving in the South African War,......
Isherwood, B F
...
Ishida Mitsunari
Ishida Mitsunari was a Japanese warrior whose defeat in the famous Battle of Sekigahara (1600) allowed the Tokugawa......
IsmÄÊżÄ«l
IsmÄÊżÄ«l was the second ruler of the ÊżAlawÄ« dynasty of Morocco; his long reign (1672â1727) saw the consolidation......
IsmÄÊżÄ«l I
IsmÄÊżÄ«l I was the shah of Iran (1501â24) and religious leader who founded the Safavid dynasty (the first Persian......
Itagaki Taisuke, Hakushaku
Hakushaku Itagaki Taisuke was the founder of Japanâs first political party, the Liberal Party, or JiyĆ«tĆ. Born......
Ivar the Boneless
Ivar the Boneless was a Viking chieftain, of Danish origin, whose life story is suffused with legend. He is best......
Jackson, Andrew
Andrew Jackson was a military hero and the seventh president of the United States (1829â37). He was the first U.S.......
Jackson, Sir Henry Bradwardine
Sir Henry Bradwardine Jackson was a British naval officer responsible for the development of radio telegraphy in......
Jackson, Stonewall
Stonewall Jackson was a Confederate general in the American Civil War, one of its most skillful tacticians, who......
JahÄn ShÄh
JahÄn ShÄh was the leader (c. 1438â67) of the Turkmen Kara Koyunlu (âBlack Sheepâ) in Azerbaijan. Under JahÄn ShÄhâs......
James IV
James IV was the king of Scotland from 1488 to 1513. An energetic and popular ruler, he unified Scotland under......
Jaruzelski, Wojciech Witold
Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski was a Polish army general and political leader who served as premier (1981â85), chairman......
JelaÄiÄ, Josip, Count
Josip, Count JelaÄiÄ was a Croatian politician and soldier who, as ban, or provincial governor, of Croatia under......
Jellicoe, John Rushworth Jellicoe, 1st Earl
John Rushworth Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe was a British admiral of the fleet who commanded at the crucial Battle......
Joab
Joab was a Jewish military commander under King David, who was his motherâs brother. He led the commando party......
Joan of Arc, St
St. Joan of Arc ; canonized May 16, 1920; feast day May 30; French national holiday, second Sunday in May) is a......
Jodl, Alfred
Alfred Jodl was a German general who, as head of the armed forces operations staff, helped plan and conduct most......
Joffre, Joseph-Jacques-CĂ©saire
Joseph-Jacques-CĂ©saire Joffre was the commander in chief (1914â16) of the French armies on the Western Front in......
John
John was the second duke of Burgundy (1404â19) of the Valois line, who played a major role in French affairs in......
John
John was the king of Bohemia from 1310 until his death, and one of the more popular heroic figures of his day,......
John I Albert
John I Albert was the king of Poland and a military leader whose reign marked the growth of Polish parliamentary......
John I Tzimisces
John I Tzimisces was a Byzantine emperor (969â976) whose extension of Byzantine influence into the Balkans and......
John II
John II was the king of France from 1350 to 1364. Captured by the English at the Battle of Poitiers on Sept. 19,......
John II Casimir Vasa
John II Casimir Vasa was the king of Poland (1648â68) and pretender to the Swedish throne, whose reign was marked......
John II Comnenus
John II Comnenus was a Byzantine emperor (1118â43) whose reign was characterized by unremitting attempts to reconquer......
John III Sobieski
John III Sobieski was the elective king of Poland (1674â96), a soldier who drove back the Ottoman Turks and briefly......
John Maurice Of Nassau
John Maurice Of Nassau was a Dutch colonial governor and military commander who consolidated Dutch rule in Brazil......
Johnson, Harold K.
Harold K. Johnson was a U.S. Army officer who fought in World War II and the Korean War and who served as army......
Johnston, Albert Sidney
Albert Sidney Johnston was the commander of the Confederate forces in the Western theatre during the early stages......
Johnston, Joseph E.
Joseph E. Johnston was a Confederate general who never suffered a direct defeat during the American Civil War (1861â65).......
Joinville, François-Ferdinand-Philippe-Louis-Marie dâOrlĂ©ans, prince de
François-Ferdinand-Philippe-Louis-Marie dâOrlĂ©ans, prince de Joinville was a naval officer and writer on military......