Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security

The Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan, signed in 1960, is a revision of the 1951 security treaty. This agreement allows U.S. forces to remain stationed in Japan, providing a security umbrella in exchange for Japan's cooperation and adherence to certain conditions, such as not granting similar rights to a third power without U.S. consent.1

The treaty's renewal in 1960 was a contentious issue in Japan, marked by significant public demonstrations. Despite the domestic opposition, the treaty was ultimately approved, though it led to the resignation of Prime Minister Kishi Nobusuke. The U.S.-Japan relationship, founded on this treaty, has evolved over time, with subsequent agreements addressing issues like the return of territories and the maintenance of U.S. bases.1