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Treaty of Aigun
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Treaty of Aigun

Sino-Russian relations
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The Treaty of Aigun, signed in 1858, was a pivotal agreement between Russia and the Manchu Chinese empire. This treaty, later confirmed by the Beijing Convention in 1860, significantly altered Sino-Russian relations and territorial boundaries.

Under the terms of the Treaty of Aigun, Russia gained jurisdiction over the lands north of the Amur River, from its confluence with the Argun River to the Tatar Strait. China retained control of the territory south of the Amur River up to the Ussuri River. The treaty also stipulated that only Russian and Chinese vessels could navigate the Amur, Ussuri, and Sungari Rivers. This agreement was part of a series of "unequal treaties" that China was compelled to sign with foreign imperialist powers during the 19th and early 20th centuries, often resulting in concessions of territory and sovereignty.123

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3 Britannica Sources
  1. Treaty of Nerchinsk
  2. unequal treaty
  3. Russo-Japanese War

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