Beijing Convention
Quick Summary
The Beijing Convention of 1860 concluded the Second Opium War, also known as the Arrow War, between China and allied British and French forces. This conflict, along with the first Opium War, stemmed from China's attempts to curb the illegal opium trade and resulted in significant concessions to Western powers.12
Key outcomes of the Beijing Convention included:
* China agreeing to the terms of the earlier Treaties of Tianjin.12
* These treaties granted foreign envoys residence in Beijing, opened new ports to foreign trade, and allowed foreign travel within China.12
* China ceded the southern portion of the Kowloon Peninsula to Britain.12
These agreements marked the beginning of the era of "unequal treaties," which weakened Qing dynasty sovereignty and contributed to its eventual overthrow.13
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Opium WarsThe second Opium War…month the Chinese signed the Beijing Convention, in which they agreed to observe the treaties of Tianjin and also ceded to the British the southern portion of the Kowloon Peninsula adjacent to Hong Kong.
Read More…month the Chinese signed the Beijing Convention, in which they agreed to observe the treaties of Tianjin and also ceded to the British the southern portion of the Kowloon Peninsula adjacent to Hong Kong.
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unequal treaty…the Chinese to sign the Beijing Convention, in which they agreed to carry out the initial settlements. Other Western countries again exacted similar agreements. The Chefoo Convention, negotiated at Yantai (Chefoo) with Britain in 1876 (although not ratified by Britain until 1885) following the murder of a British explorer by…
Read More…the Chinese to sign the Beijing Convention, in which they agreed to carry out the initial settlements. Other Western countries again exacted similar agreements. The Chefoo Convention, negotiated at Yantai (Chefoo) with Britain in 1876 (although not ratified by Britain until 1885) following the murder of a British explorer by…
Read More