Sangallo family
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Who were the Sangallo family?
The Sangallo family was a lineage of Florentine Renaissance architects. The most notable members were Antonio da Sangallo the Elder, his brother Giuliano da Sangallo, Antonio da Sangallo the Younger (Giuliano's nephew), and Francesco da Sangallo (Giuliano's son).
Giuliano was an architect, sculptor, and military engineer. His masterpiece, Santa Maria delle Carceri in Prato, was influenced by Filippo Brunelleschi. Antonio the Elder was a military architect known for the pilgrimage church of the Madonna di San Biago at Montepulciano. Antonio the Younger was an influential architect who built the Palazzo Farnese in Rome and worked on St. Peter's Basilica. Francesco was a sculptor known for minute detailing, and he sculpted tombs in Florence.
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Where did the Sangallo family live in Italy?
The Sangallo family was a family of outstanding Florentine Renaissance architects. Giuliano da Sangallo (1445?–1516) worked for the Medici family in Florence and built their villa at Poggio a Caiano in 1485. Antonio da Sangallo the Elder (1455–1535) is best known for the pilgrimage church of the Madonna di San Biago at Montepulciano, a tiny but important cultural center of Tuscany. Antonio da Sangallo the Younger (1484–1546) arrived in Rome when he was about 20 and built a town house for the Cardinal Alessandro Farnese in 1513. Francesco da Sangallo (1494–1576) sculpted the tomb of Bishop Marzi-Medici (1546) in the church of Santissima Annunziata, Florence, as well as the tomb of Bishop Bonofede (1550) in the Certosa di Val d’Ema, near Florence.
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What kind of work was the Sangallo family known for?
The Sangallo family was a lineage of Florentine Renaissance architects, sculptors, and military engineers. Giuliano da Sangallo (1445?–1516) was an architect, sculptor, and military engineer whose masterpiece, a church of Greek-cross plan, Santa Maria delle Carceri in Prato (1485–91), was strongly influenced by Filippo Brunelleschi. Antonio da Sangallo the Elder (1455–1535) was a military architect known for the pilgrimage church of the Madonna di San Biago at Montepulciano. Antonio da Sangallo the Younger (1484–1546) was an influential architect, who designed the Palazzo Farnese (1534–46). Francesco da Sangallo (1494–1576) was primarily a sculptor known for minute detailing.
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Who were some famous members of the Sangallo family?
The Sangallo family was a family of outstanding Florentine Renaissance architects Antonio da Sangallo the Elder; his elder brother Giuliano da Sangallo; Antonio (Giamberti) da Sangallo the Younger, the nephew of Giuliano and Antonio da Sangallo the Elder; and Francesco da Sangallo, the son of Giuliano.
Giuliano (1445?–1516) was an architect, sculptor, and military engineer. Antonio the Elder (1455–1535) was a military architect. Antonio the Younger (1484–1546) was the most influential architect of his time. Francesco, known as Il Margotta (1494–1576), was a sculptor.
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What important buildings did the Sangallo family design or build?
The Sangallo family was a dynasty of Italian architects prominent during the Renaissance. Key figures include Giuliano da Sangallo, Antonio da Sangallo the Elder, Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, and Francesco da Sangallo.
Important buildings associated with the Sangallo family:
- Giuliano da Sangallo Santa Maria delle Carceri in Prato and the Medici villa at Poggio a Caiano. He also worked on the design of St. Peter’s Basilica.
- Antonio da Sangallo the Elder The pilgrimage church of the Madonna di San Biago at Montepulciano.
- Antonio da Sangallo the Younger The Palazzo Farnese and he also worked on St. Peter's Basilica.
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How did the Sangallo family influence Italian architecture during the Renaissance?
The Sangallo family significantly shaped Italian Renaissance architecture. Giuliano da Sangallo (1445?–1516), an architect and military engineer, designed Santa Maria delle Carceri in Prato, a Greek-cross plan church influenced by Filippo Brunelleschi. His brother, Antonio da Sangallo the Elder (1455–1535), is known for the Madonna di San Biago at Montepulciano, an ideal central-plan church of the High Renaissance. Antonio da Sangallo the Younger (1484–1546), the nephew of Giuliano and Antonio the Elder, was a highly influential architect who designed the Palazzo Farnese in Rome, a fortresslike Florentine palace that influenced architectural design for centuries. He also worked on St. Peter's Basilica, initially as an assistant to Bramante and later as chief architect.
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Sangallo family, family of outstanding Florentine Renaissance architects. Its most prominent members were Antonio da Sangallo the Elder; his elder brother Giuliano da Sangallo; Antonio (Giamberti) da Sangallo the Younger, the nephew of Giuliano and Antonio da Sangallo the Elder; and Francesco da Sangallo, the son of Giuliano.
Giuliano da Sangallo (1445?–1516) was an architect, sculptor, and military engineer whose masterpiece, a church of Greek-cross plan, Santa Maria delle Carceri in Prato (1485–91), was strongly influenced by Filippo Brunelleschi. It is the purest, most classic expression of that style of 15th-century architecture. Giuliano worked for the powerful Medici family in Florence and built their villa at Poggio a Caiano in 1485. As a military engineer he was effective in the defense of Florence against Naples in 1478. In Rome Giuliano worked on the design of St. Peter’s Basilica, but he was overshadowed by Donato Bramante. He designed influential facade projects for San Lorenzo, Florence, in 1515–16.
Antonio da Sangallo the Elder (1455–1535), a military architect in his younger years, is best known for the major work of his life, the pilgrimage church of the Madonna di San Biago at Montepulciano, a tiny but important cultural centre of Tuscany. An ideal central-plan church (i.e., one symmetrical about a central point) of the High Renaissance, it also is a Greek-cross plan built of travertine and designed with three facades; the west tower was never completed, but the east tower stands, and, with the church placed on a peak overlooking the valley, it is a majestic sight.
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Antonio da Sangallo the Younger (1484–1546) was the most influential architect of his time. He arrived in Rome when he was about 20 and built a town house for the cardinal Alessandro Farnese in 1513. When the cardinal became Pope Paul III, he had Antonio the Younger enlarge it into the most important palace in Rome, the Palazzo Farnese (1534–46). A fortresslike 16th-century Florentine palace, this structure was representative of a type of building on which a code of academic rules was based, exercising an immense influence well into the 19th century. The inner court of the palace is entered through an arch entrance, and the carriageway, lined with Roman Doric order antique granite columns, is a superior design. Antonio borrowed from the ancient Roman architectural motifs of the Colosseum and the Theatre Marcellus, but Michelangelo made changes in Antonio’s designs.
Throughout his career, Antonio worked on St. Peter’s, first as Bramante’s assistant and in 1520 as chief architect. His wooden model of St. Peter’s (1539–46), commissioned by Pope Paul III, still stands in the Vatican Museum.
Francesco da Sangallo, known as Il Margotta (1494–1576), the son of Giuliano, was primarily a sculptor whose style was characterized by minute detailing. He sculpted the tomb of Bishop Marzi-Medici (1546) in the church of Santissima Annunziata, Florence, as well as the tomb of Bishop Bonofede (1550) in the Certosa di Val d’Ema, near Florence.