Old Age Pensions Act

New Zealand [1898]

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July 1, 2026

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The Old Age Pensions Act of 1898 in New Zealand was the first measure of social security in the country. This act provided a flat-rate pension, financed from general taxation, to all who met residence requirements at age 60. The pension rate for married couples was double that for single individuals and represented a significant percentage of average earnings. This approach, where pensions are based on residence rather than income or contributions, is characteristic of schemes found in some Commonwealth countries. The Liberal government of the time introduced this act as part of broader social reforms aimed at addressing urban distress and improving workers' welfare.12

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New Zealand
The Liberal era (1891–1912)
…poverty, and old age; the Old Age Pensions Act of 1898 was the first measure of social security. Tariff protection to foster industrial employment was halfheartedly applied in the late 1880s. Revelations of oppression in industry led in the 1890s to a labour code to protect workers.
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…poverty, and old age; the Old Age Pensions Act of 1898 was the first measure of social security. Tariff protection to foster industrial employment was halfheartedly applied in the late 1880s. Revelations of oppression in industry led in the 1890s to a labour code to protect workers.
Read More