Youngstown, city, Mahoning and Trumbull counties, seat (1876) of Mahoning county, northeastern Ohio, U.S. It lies along the Mahoning River, near the Pennsylvania border, and is equidistant (65 miles [105 km]) from Cleveland (northwest) and Pittsburgh (southeast). Youngstown is the heart of a

Rust Belt: How the Belt rusted: …his Rust Belt anthem “Youngstown,” Bruce Springsteen movingly evokes the prideful heartbreak and disillusioned sense of abandonment that resulted from the transformation of that Ohio city and scores like it. Billy Joel paints a similar portrait of industrial upheaval in eastern Pennsylvania in another popular song, “Allentown.”

Youngstown State University, public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Youngstown, Ohio, U.S. It comprises colleges of business administration; science, technology, engineering, and mathematics; liberal arts and social sciences; education; fine and performing arts; and health and

Youngstown State University, public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Youngstown, Ohio, U.S. It comprises colleges of business administration; science, technology, engineering, and mathematics; liberal arts and social sciences; education; fine and performing arts; and health and

Youngstown State University, public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Youngstown, Ohio, U.S. It comprises colleges of business administration; science, technology, engineering, and mathematics; liberal arts and social sciences; education; fine and performing arts; and health and

Alexander City, city, Tallapoosa county, east-central Alabama, U.S., 75 miles (120 km) southeast of Birmingham. Early settlement began in 1836, and gold was discovered in the area in the early 1840s. It was known as Youngsville until 1873, when it was named for General Edward Porter Alexander,

cricket: Bowling: …by bowlers Wasim Akram and Waqar Younnus. If a bowler is able to deliver at speeds of greater than 85 mph (135 kph), he can achieve reverse swing, meaning that without altering the grip on the ball or the motion of delivery, the bowler can cause the ball to swing…

cricket: Bowling: …by bowlers Wasim Akram and Waqar Younnus. If a bowler is able to deliver at speeds of greater than 85 mph (135 kph), he can achieve reverse swing, meaning that without altering the grip on the ball or the motion of delivery, the bowler can cause the ball to swing…

Napa: American settler George Yount, who arrived in 1835, received a land grant from Californio military commander, politician, and rancher Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, for whom the Bay Area city of Vallejo is named. Yount trained his indigenous laborers to till soil and shear sheep, while they taught him…

Milwaukee Brewers: …future Hall of Fame shortstop Robin Yount in 1974 heralded the beginning of a slow turnaround for the Brewers, which was further bolstered in 1978 by the debut of another future Hall of Famer, infielder–designated hitter Paul Molitor. The Brewers ran off three consecutive winning seasons before claiming their first…

Barbara Kruger: In her 1989 work Untitled (Your Body Is a Battleground), for example, she employed an oversized black-and-white image of a female model’s face and divided it vertically into positive and negative halves. Placed across the image is the statement “Your body is a battleground,” by which she called into…

John Mayer: …“No Such Thing” and “Your Body Is a Wonderland” both became hits, and the latter earned Mayer a Grammy Award for best male pop vocal performance. Mayer’s next studio release, Heavier Things (2003), topped the Billboard album chart and featured the hit “Daughters,” which was honoured with two Grammy…

Hank Williams: …including “Cold, Cold Heart,” “Your Cheatin’ Heart,” “Hey, Good Lookin’,” “Jambalaya (On the Bayou),” and “I’ll Never Get Out of This World Alive.” His extraordinary “Lost Highway” peaked at number 12.

Whether you’ve just landed your first job or you’re just starting your retirement savings journey, contributing to an employer 401(k) plan is one of the simplest and most effective ways to build your nest egg. There are several reasons to consider participating in your 401(k) at work, from tax

Olivia Munn: Acting career: …the Apple TV drama series Your Friends & Neighbors with Jon Hamm and Amanda Peet.

One way to keep your money safe and make it easier to manage your personal finances is to open a bank account. However, there are different types of accounts, each with its own rules, purposes, and interest rates. Here’s a breakdown of various bank accounts and how they can help you reach your

When you’re in a tight financial spot, you might be looking for a bit of help with your money. A small loan for two or three weeks seems like the perfect solution—especially if you don’t have to worry about a credit check. But such temporary fixes often fall into the “predatory loan” category. That

Creating a monthly budget. It’s one of the first steps in getting your personal finances on track. But many see it as too daunting a task, while others see it as a bunch of busywork that isn’t worth the trouble. They think, “If I make it through the month and have money left over, I don’t need a

Offering a retirement plan can help you attract and retain employees, and give you a way to build for your own retirement savings. Depending on the size of your business and your state’s requirements, you may not be required to offer one, but doing so can show employees they’re valued and give you

College loan debt can be crushing, and many individuals struggle to balance monthly payments with other essential expenses such as rent and utilities. For those who have taken out multiple loans to cover tuition and other higher education costs, managing separate payments for each loan can add to

Student loan debt amounts to nearly $2 trillion in the United States, with about 45 million borrowers holding federal loans and an average balance of over $39,000 in mid-2025. The prospect of broad debt cancellation is no longer an option, but the federal government continues to offer targeted

Natalie Portman: Black Swan and Thor series: …in the bawdy period comedy Your Highness (2011). Portman then appeared as an unfaithful wife in Terrence Malick’s Hollywood parable Knight of Cups (2015) and as a hard-bitten pioneer in the vengeance tale Jane Got a Gun (2016).

Bryan Cranston: Other TV shows: Sneaky Pete and Your Honor: He later starred in Your Honor (2020–23), about a judge who goes to great lengths to protect his son, who killed someone in a hit-and-run accident. In 2025 Cranston had a guest role on the first season of The Studio, for which he won an Emmy Award.

The balance sheet. That’s the realm of accountants, stock analysts, and C-suite executives, right? Actually, if you have your own household budget and some assets in your name, the balance sheet is just as relevant to your personal finances as it is to the pros. A balance sheet is a financial

Sade: …exemplified by the songs “Your Love Is King” and “Smooth Operator,” both tracks from the group’s debut album Diamond Life (1984), which earned Sade and her bandmates a Grammy Award for best new artist. A second album, Promise (1985), enjoyed similar popularity and was followed by a world tour.…

Your Party, centre-right political party in Japan. It was established in August 2009 by Watanabe Yoshimi—formerly of the Liberal-Democratic Party (LDP), who had resigned from the LDP early that year over policy disagreements with the prime minister, Asō Tarō—and several other members, most of whom

Ashton Kutcher: Stardom: …starred opposite Reese Witherspoon in Your Place or Mine (2023), a rom-com about two best friends who eventually embark on a romantic relationship.

Ira Glass: …later adapted for television) called This American Life.

Olafur Eliasson: Your Rainbow Panorama, Fjordenhus, and other architectural projects: The permanent installation Your rainbow panorama was constructed atop the ARoS Aarhus Kunstmuseum in Denmark in 2011. Comprising a circular walkway encased in colored glass, the piece, as its name suggests, offered patrons panoramic views through a spectrum of colors. Eliasson also collaborated with Henning Larsen Architects to…

A required minimum distribution (RMD) is the amount the government requires you to withdraw each year from certain retirement accounts—such as your 401(k) or individual retirement account (IRA)—once you reach a certain age. The basic idea of an RMD may sound straightforward, but there are a number

Jerry Bock: …Holofcener on songs for television’s Your Show of Shows and the musical Mr. Wonderful (1956). With the composer-lyricist Sheldon Harnick he had his greatest successes: Fiorello! (1959, Pulitzer Prize) and Fiddler on the Roof (1964). Bock and Harnick’s other musicals included The Body Beautiful

Elton John: Musical and performing style: John’s first American hit, “Your Song,” in 1970, was a love ballad that combines the introspective mood of the era’s singer-songwriters with a more traditional pop craftsmanship. John’s early 1970s recordings pay homage to country rock and folk rock models such as the Band and Crosby, Stills and Nash.

Olafur Eliasson: Early projects: In Your Strange Certainty Still Kept (1996), droplets of water were frozen in midair through the use of a perforated hose and strobe lights. Ventilator (1997) incorporated a menacing electric fan swinging from a ceiling. In Room for One Colour (1997), he flooded a room with…

Marguerite Yourcenar was a novelist, essayist, and short-story writer who became the first woman to be elected to the Académie Française (French Academy), an exclusive literary institution with a membership limited to 40. Crayencour was educated at home in French Flanders and spent much of her

Ariana Grande: Yours Truly: Her debut album, Yours Truly, appeared two years later and included the popular single “The Way,” a collaboration with rapper Mac Miller. The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 chart and was widely praised. With her R&B-infused pop music and impressive vocal range, Grande earned…

yogurt, semifluid fermented milk food having a smooth texture and mildly sour flavour because of its lactic acid content. Yogurt may be made from the milk of cows, sheep, goats, or water buffalo. Cow’s milk is used in the United States and north-central Europe; sheep’s and goat’s milk are preferred

Humza Yousaf is a Scottish politician who in 2023 became the leader of the Scottish National Party (SNP) and the sixth first minister of Scotland when he replaced the long-serving Nicola Sturgeon. Yousaf, who is of Pakistani heritage, is the second Muslim to lead a major British political party and

Humza Yousaf is a Scottish politician who in 2023 became the leader of the Scottish National Party (SNP) and the sixth first minister of Scotland when he replaced the long-serving Nicola Sturgeon. Yousaf, who is of Pakistani heritage, is the second Muslim to lead a major British political party and

Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani activist who, while a teenager, spoke out publicly against the prohibition on the education of girls that was imposed by the Tehreek-e Taliban Pakistan (TTP; sometimes called Pakistani Taliban). She gained global attention when she survived an assassination attempt

Ramzi Ahmed Yousef is a Kuwaiti-born militant who masterminded the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. He was part of some of the most ambitious terrorist conspiracies discovered to date, including a thwarted plot to blow up 11 airliners over the Pacific Ocean. Born in Kuwait to Pakistani and

Xu Zhimo was a Chinese poet who strove to loosen Chinese poetry from its traditional forms and to reshape it under the influences of Western poetry and the vernacular Chinese language. After graduating from Peking University, Xu went to the United States in 1918 to study economics and political

Alicia Alonso: …guest dancer, often with partner Igor Youskevitch. In 1948 she cofounded (with her husband and his brother, Alberto) the Alicia Alonso Ballet Company in Cuba, through which she became known for her artistry as a choreographer, which ranged from variations on classic works such as Swan Lake to the comic…

Ramy Youssef is an American writer, comedian, and actor best known for exploring his experience as the son of Egyptian immigrants and as an observant Muslim in stand-up comedy specials and the award-winning, semi-autobiographical television series Ramy (2019– ). Youssef grew up in suburban

Morocco: Hassan’s last years: …house, and in March 1998 Abderrahmane Youssoufi (ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Yūsufī), a leader of the Socialist Union of Popular Forces, was appointed as prime minister. Under pressure from human rights organizations, Hassan also directed a vigorous cleanup campaign that led to the ousting and even execution of corrupt officials as well…

Leo Tolstoy: First publications of Leo Tolstoy: (1854; Boyhood) and Yunost (1857; Youth). A number of stories center on a single semiautobiographical character, Dmitry Nekhlyudov, who later reappeared as the hero of Tolstoy’s novel Resurrection. In “Lyutsern” (1857; “Lucerne”), Tolstoy uses the diary form first to relate an incident, then to reflect on its timeless meaning, and…

Joseph Conrad: Life at sea: …alterations, as the short story “Youth,” a remarkable tale of a young officer’s first command.

rock: Rock and youth culture: But by the mid-1960s youth had become an ideological category that referred to a particular kind of hedonism, individualism, and modernism. Whereas youth once referred to high-school students, it came to include college students. Moreover, rock became multifunctional—dance and party music on the one hand, a matter of serious…

Michael Caine: …performance as a composer in Youth (2015), director Paolo Sorrentino’s paean to aging artists. He followed with a remake (2017) of the 1970s film Going in Style, playing a retiree planning a bank heist with his fellow pensioners. He had a similar role in King of Thieves (2018), based on…

Giorgione: Influence and significance: Nevertheless, the portrait of a Youth (c. 1504) is universally considered to be by Giorgione. The indescribably subtle expression of serenity and the immobile features, added to the chiseled effect of the silhouette and modeling, combine to make the Youth an unforgettable expression of Renaissance man. The same sort of…

Henrietta Szold: …she was director of the Youth Aliyah, an agency created to rescue Jewish children from Nazi Germany and bring them to Palestine. Late in life she founded Lemaan ha-Yeled, an institution dedicated to child welfare and research; after her death it was renamed Mosad Szold (The Szold Foundation). Szold died…

Youth and the Bright Medusa, collection of eight short stories about artists and the arts by Willa Cather, published in 1920. Four of the stories were reprinted from Cather’s first published collection of fiction, The Troll Garden (1905). The stories include “Flavia and Her Artists,” in which an

juvenile court, special court handling problems of delinquent, neglected, or abused children. The juvenile court fulfills the government’s role as substitute parent, and, where no juvenile court exists, other courts must assume the function. Two types of cases are processed by a juvenile court:

gang, a group of persons, usually youths, who share a common identity and who generally engage in criminal behaviour. In contrast to the criminal behaviour of other youths, the activities of gangs are characterized by some level of organization and continuity over time. There is no consensus on the

youth hostel, supervised shelter providing inexpensive overnight lodging, particularly for young people. Hostels range from simple accommodations in a farm house to hotels able to house several hundred guests for days at a time. They are located in many parts of the world, usually in scenic areas,

Chicago Seven: …Jerry Rubin, cofounders of the Youth International Party (Yippies); Tom Hayden, cofounder of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS); Black Panther Chairman Bobby Seale, the only African American of the group; David

Jacques Rogge: In 2007 he added the Youth Olympics to the Olympic calendar; the inaugural event was held in Singapore in 2010.

Indonesia: The rise of nationalism: …youth organizations issued the historic Youth Pledge (Sumpah Pemuda), whereby they vowed to recognize only one Indonesian motherland, one Indonesian people, and one Indonesian language. It was a landmark event in the country’s history and also is considered the founding moment of the Indonesian language.

Osvaldo Golijov: … (2000) and Francis Ford Coppola’s Youth Without Youth (2007).

history of publishing: General periodicals: …Post (1821–1969; revived 1971) and Youth’s Companion (1827–1929). The latter, published in Boston, was typically wholesome in content, intended to “warn against the ways of transgression” and to encourage “virtue and piety.”

Isla de la Juventud, island and municipio especial (special municipality) of Cuba, in the Caribbean Sea. It is bounded to the northwest by the Canal de los Indios and on the north and northeast by the Gulf of Batabanó, which separate it from the mainland of western Cuba. A 1904 treaty recognizing

Mikhail Vasilyevich Matyushin: …the group known as the Union of Youth, which was mainly made up of former members of Triangle. Though the couple was soon to leave the group because of differences in their aesthetic views, Guro and Matyushin remained in close contact and participated in Union of Youth exhibitions, the last…

YouTube, social media platform and website for sharing videos. It was registered on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim, three former employees of the American e-commerce company PayPal. They had the idea that ordinary people would enjoy sharing their “home videos.” The

China: The Zhou feudal system: …line was again broken when Youwang was killed by invading tribes. The nobles apparently were split at that time, because the break gave rise to two courts, headed by two princes, each of whom had the support of part of the nobility. One of the pretenders, Pingwang, survived the other…

Beijing: The early empires: …when it became known as Youzhou. By the middle of the Tang, measures were being taken to prevent the nomadic Tangut tribes of Tibet, such as the Xi Xia, and the Khitans (a Turco-Mongolian people from Manchuria) from raiding the borderlands and the local capital. The position of Youzhou consequently…

Yordan Yovkov was a Bulgarian short-story writer, novelist, and dramatist whose stories of Balkan peasant life and military experiences show a fine mastery of prose. Yovkov grew up in the Dobruja region and, after studying in Sofia, returned there to teach. He later worked in the Bulgarian legation

Yordan Yovkov was a Bulgarian short-story writer, novelist, and dramatist whose stories of Balkan peasant life and military experiences show a fine mastery of prose. Yovkov grew up in the Dobruja region and, after studying in Sofia, returned there to teach. He later worked in the Bulgarian legation

Japanese music: Melodic principles: …(tsuyogin) and the lyric (yowagin). Their differences are most evident in the placement of fundamental tones and the use of auxiliary tones around them. In the lyric style the three basic tones (jō, chū, and ge) are a fourth apart. The movement to and from each note is regulated…

pyŏlgok, Korean poetic form that flourished during the Koryŏ period (935–1392). Of folk origin, the pyŏlgok was sung chiefly by women performers (kisaeng) and was intended for performance on festive occasions. The theme of most of these anonymous poems is love, and its joys and torments are

Japan: Changes in ritsuryō government: …minority of the succeeding emperor Yōzei, and then in the reign of the emperor Uda, he created the post of kampaku. It thus became the established custom that a member of the Fujiwara family should serve as sesshō and kampaku. In order to hold the sekkan offices, it was necessary…

Yozgat, city, central Turkey. The city lies on the site of a Bronze Age settlement 100 miles (160 km) east of Ankara in a valley of the Ak Mountains, at an elevation of 4,360 feet (1,329 metres). The main road between Sivas and Ankara passes through Yozgat, but the rail line bypasses it to the

Bosnia and Herzegovina: Security: The Yugoslav People’s Army was designed to repel invasion, and, as part of its strategy, it used the geographically central republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina as a storehouse for armaments and as the site of most military production. Bosnian Serb forces, aided by the Yugoslav People’s…

Ypacaraí, town, central Paraguay. It is situated in the westward extension of the Brazilian Highlands. Its name means “water of God” in the ancient Guaraní language. Founded in 1887, it serves as a commercial and manufacturing centre for the agricultural and pastoral hinterland, the major yields of

Paraguay: Drainage: Lake Ypacaraí, about 30 miles (50 km) east of Asunción, is the site of a favourite summer resort at San Bernardino.

Bolivia: Hydrocarbons of Bolivia: …1937 to form the nationalized Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales Bolivianos (YPFB). In the mid-1950s North American companies were again encouraged to resume operations, and in 1956 the Bolivian Gulf Oil Company (a branch of Gulf Oil Corporation) began a decade of successful oil and natural gas strikes in the Santa Cruz…

Paraguay: Drainage: The largest, Lake Ypoá, about 40 miles (65 km) south of Asunción, merges into Lake Verá; it is drained by channels of the Tebicuary and feeds the marshes of the Ñeembucú plain. Lake Ypacaraí, about 30 miles (50 km) east of Asunción, is the site of a…

ermine moth, any of several species of insects belonging to the family Yponomeutidae (order Lepidoptera). Ermine moths are widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. The hairy caterpillars feed on dandelions and other weeds, cultivated shrubs, and trees, particularly fruit trees. Ermine moths

Lepidoptera: Annotated classification: Superfamily Yponomeutoidea More than 1,500 species worldwide; a limited and not very distinctive superfamily; larvae possess distinctive primary setation. Family Yponomeutidae (ermine moths) Almost 600 species worldwide; adults brightly colored, especially in the tropics; pupae of some make lacework cocoons; related

Ypres, municipality, West Flanders province (province), western Belgium. It lies along the Yperlee (Ieperlee) River, south of Ostend. Ypres became a major cloth-weaving city in the Middle Ages, and together with Brugge and Ghent it virtually controlled Flanders in the 13th century. At that time it

Rye: …remains, together with the earlier Ypres Tower (12th century). Buildings of special interest include the Mermaid Inn (1420) and the 18th-century house in which the novelist Henry James spent his later years. From the 15th century the port declined as silting proceeded, and the town has grown little outside its…

First Battle of Ypres, (October 19–November 22, 1914), first of three costly World War I battles centred on the city of Ypres (now Ieper) in western Flanders. Attempted flank attacks by both the Allies and the Germans failed to achieve significant breakthroughs, and both sides settled into the

John French, 1st earl of Ypres was a field marshal who commanded the British army on the Western Front between August 1914, when World War I began, and December 17, 1915, when he resigned under pressure and was succeeded by Gen. (afterward Field Marshal) Douglas Haig. The battles fought under his

Second Battle of Ypres, (April 22–May 25, 1915), second of three costly battles in World War I at Ypres (now Ieper), in western Flanders. The battle marked the Germans’ first use of poison gas as a weapon. Although the gas attack opened a wide hole in the Allied line, the Germans failed to exploit

Battle of Passchendaele, (July 31–November 6, 1917), World War I battle that served as a vivid symbol of the mud, madness, and senseless slaughter of the Western Front. The third and longest battle to take place at the Belgian city of Ypres, Passchendaele was ostensibly an Allied victory, but it

Ypresian Stage, oldest division of Eocene rocks, representing all rocks deposited worldwide during the Ypresian Age (56 million to 47.8 million years ago) of the Paleogene Period (66 million to 23 million years ago). The Ypresian Stage is named for exposures in the region of Ypres, Belgium. The

Ypsilanti, city, Washtenaw county, southeastern Michigan, U.S. It lies along the Huron River just east of Ann Arbor. The settlement of Woodruff’s Grove was established on the Huron River in 1823, near the site of a French trading post (1809–19). In 1824 surveying crews for a proposed

Ypsilanti family, Greek family prominent in the 19th century. Early members were Greek Phanariots (residents of the Greek quarter of Constantinople) distinguished in the Ottoman imperial service. Constantine Ypsilanti (1760–1816) was governor of Moldavia (1799–1801) and Walachia (1802–6) when he

Tudor Vladimirescu: …Etairist rising in Moldavia under Gen. Alexander Ypsilantis (March 1821), however, he disavowed the Greek leadership of the revolution in the Romanian principalities. He organized a popular rising in Walachia to evict the predominantly Greek administration imposed by the Turkish government and end the spoliation of the native Romanian aristocracy…

Tudor Vladimirescu: …Etairist rising in Moldavia under Gen. Alexander Ypsilantis (March 1821), however, he disavowed the Greek leadership of the revolution in the Romanian principalities. He organized a popular rising in Walachia to evict the predominantly Greek administration imposed by the Turkish government and end the spoliation of the native Romanian aristocracy…

Caudata: Bones and cartilage: An ypsiloid cartilage, attached to the front of the pelvic girdle, is used in exhalation in several groups, especially ambystomatids, dicamptodontids, hynobiids, and salamandrids. Digits and digital bones have been lost in many different groups. There are never more than four fingers, but nearly all species…

Snowdon: …highest of these peaks is Yr Wyddfa, which reaches an elevation of 3,560 feet (1,085 metres). Snowdon is composed mainly of slates and porphyries that date from the Ordovician Period (490 million to 443 million years ago). Intense glaciation has affected the entire locality, producing the ridges, cirques, and numerous…

Mold, town, historic and present county of Flintshire (Sir Fflint), northeastern Wales. It is situated on a small stretch of farmland between the two industrial centres of Deeside (region of the River Dee) and Wrexham. Mold grew up around a motte-and-bailey castle that the Normans built in the 12th

YRF Spy Universe, Bollywood film franchise in which spy thrillers with distinct storylines occupy a shared cinematic universe. The franchise is produced by and named for the Yash Raj Films (YRF) studio and consists of separate but interconnected films or series of films centering on different

Hipólito Irigoyen was an Argentine statesman who became his country’s first president elected by broad popular suffrage. He was driven from office during his second term by a military coup in 1930. Irigoyen became a lawyer, teacher, rancher, and politician and in 1896 took control of the

Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen was a historian and politician, author of the first history of Finland in Finnish. Later he guided the Old Finn Party in its policy of compliance with Russia’s unconstitutional Russification program in Finland. Forsman—later, when he was made a baron, named Yrjö-Koskinen—was a

children’s literature: Russia/Soviet Union: …to children; the classic by Pyotr Yrshov, Konyok gorbunok (1834; English adaption by Ireene Wicker, The Little Hunchback Horse, 1942); and other stories and poems enjoyed by young Russians but not originally designed for them. To this folk material should be added the McGuffeyish moral tales that Tolstoy wrote for…

Douarnenez: …with the legendary city of Ys, which was believed to lie beneath the waters of the bay, and also with the medieval story of Tristan, lover of Iseult, for whom the island astride the estuary is named. Tristan Island was formerly named Saint-Tutuarn Island for the priory founded there in…

Santa Isabel, island, central Solomon Islands, southwestern Pacific Ocean, 50 miles (80 km) northwest of Guadalcanal. About 130 miles (209 km) long and 20 miles (32 km) across at its widest point, it has a mountainous backbone with Mount Marescot (4,000 feet [1,219 metres]) as its highest peak. A

Eugène Ysaÿe was a Belgian violinist, conductor, and composer, the foremost interpreter of the string works of French and Belgian composers of his time. After a year as conductor of an orchestra in Berlin, Ysaÿe toured Norway, Russia, and France. From 1886 to 1897 he was professor of violin at the

Isengrim, greedy and dull-witted wolf who is a prominent character in many medieval European beast epics. Often cast as a worldly and corrupt churchman, he appears first as a character in the Latin Ecbasis captivi (c. 940), in which the beasts are unnamed, and under his own name in Ysengrimus

French literature: Satire, the fabliaux, and the Roman de Renart: Ysengrimus), the collection of ribald comic tales known as the Roman de Renart (Renard the Fox) began to circulate in the late 12th century, chronicling the rivalry of Renart the Fox and the wolf Isengrin, and the lively and largely scandalous goings-on in the animal…