national railways, rail transportation services owned and operated by national governments. U.S. railways are privately owned and operated, though the Consolidated Rail Corporation was established by the federal government and Amtrak uses public funds to subsidize privately owned intercity

Friedrich Rückert was a prolific German poet known for his facility with many different verse forms. Rückert studied at Würzburg and Heidelberg and qualified for, but withdrew from, an academic career. A gifted linguist, he was self-educated in Oriental languages and, through translations and

Provençal literature: Origins and development: …Vidal of Toulouse; the chivalrous Raimbaut de Vaqueyras; Folquet de Marseille, a monk who became bishop of Toulouse; the truculent monk of Montaudon; and the satirical Peire Cardenal.

Sam Raimi is an American film and television director, producer, and screenwriter whose inventive camera techniques and wry humor breathed life into the horror genre. Saimi also found success with a series of blockbuster adaptations of comic books, most notably the Spider-Man trilogy (2002, 2004,

Sam Raimi is an American film and television director, producer, and screenwriter whose inventive camera techniques and wry humor breathed life into the horror genre. Saimi also found success with a series of blockbuster adaptations of comic books, most notably the Spider-Man trilogy (2002, 2004,

Raymond was the prince of Antioch (1136–49) who successfully resisted the attempts of the Byzantine emperor John II to establish control over the principality. Raymond was the younger son of William VII, count of Poitiers, in west-central France. In 1135 King Fulk of the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem,

Raymond IV was the count of Toulouse (1093–1105) and marquis of Provence (1066–1105), the first—and one of the most effective—of the western European rulers who joined the First Crusade. He is reckoned as Raymond I of Tripoli, a county in the Latin East which he began to conquer from 1102 to 1105.

pre-Columbian civilizations: Chavín monuments and temples: …the god shown on the Raimondi Stone, now in Lima. The stone shows the Staff God, a standing semihuman figure having claws, a feline face with crossed fangs, and a staff in each hand. Above his head, occupying two-thirds of the stone, is a towering, pillarlike structure fringed with snakes…

Marcantonio Raimondi was an Italian Renaissance master of engraving whose production of more than 300 prints did much to disseminate the style of the High Renaissance throughout Europe, especially the work of Raphael. Raimondi received his training in the workshop of the famous goldsmith and

Mondino De’ Luzzi was an Italian physician and anatomist whose Anathomia Mundini (MS. 1316; first printed in 1478) was the first European book written since classical antiquity that was entirely devoted to anatomy and was based on the dissection of human cadavers. It remained a standard text until

Don Raimundo was an archbishop and leading prelate of the 12th-century Spanish Christian church, whose patronage of the Toledan school of translators contributed greatly to medieval learning. Raimundo was one of the many French Cluniac monks who, under the leadership of Bernard of Périgord

Rain is a South Korean pop singer and actor known for his boyish good looks and smooth hip-hop dance moves. Rain began performing in his teens as a rapper in a short-lived band called Fanclub and later became a backup dancer for popular Korean singer Park Ji-Yoon. Deciding to pursue a solo music

Lewis Milestone: Films of the 1930s: Rain (1932), an adaptation of W. Somerset Maugham’s short story, seemed like another sure-fire hit—star Joan Crawford was cast as Sadie Thompson, a prostitute in Pago Pago, and Walter Huston played the island missionary who attempts to reform her while growing increasingly attracted to her.…

rain, precipitation of liquid water drops with diameters greater than 0.5 mm (0.02 inch). When the drops are smaller, the precipitation is usually called drizzle. See also precipitation. Concentrations of raindrops typically range from 100 to 1,000 per cubic m (3 to 30 per cubic foot); drizzle

telecommunications media: Atmospheric propagation: Scattering loss due to heavy rainfall is the dominant form of attenuation for radio frequencies ranging from 10 gigahertz to 500 gigahertz (microwave to submillimetre wavelengths), while scattering loss due to fog dominates for frequencies ranging from 103 gigahertz to 106 gigahertz (infrared through visible light range).

rainwater harvesting system: …harvesting systems range from simple rain barrels to more elaborate structures with pumps, tanks, and purification systems. The nonpotable water can be used to irrigate landscaping, flush toilets, wash cars, or launder clothes, and it can even be purified for human consumption. With water scarcity a pressing problem for many…

Native American dance: Mexico and Mesoamerica: …Tarahumara for three agricultural festivals—rain, green corn, and harvest—and for death and memorial rites. After triple invocations by a shaman, the women cross the dance space six times, then circle counterclockwise, holding hands and leaping with a stamp from left to right foot.

rainforest, luxuriant forest, generally composed of tall, broad-leaved trees and usually found in wet tropical uplands and lowlands around the Equator. A brief treatment of rainforests follows. For full treatment, see tropical forest. Rainforests usually occur in regions where there is a high

narrow-mouthed toad: The genus Breviceps (rain frogs) includes a number of plump, short-faced, African species. These live and breed on land. B. gibbosus is a burrowing South African form that is traditionally thought to control the coming of rain.

climate: Precipitation: …Earth’s surface by rather simple rain gauges. Measurement of precipitation intensity requires a recording rain gauge, in which water falling into a collector of known surface area is continuously recorded on a moving chart or a magnetic tape. Investigations are being carried out on the feasibility of obtaining continuous measurements…

Native American dance: Religious expression in dance: …Mexico, the appearance of the rain gods is heralded by two ceremonial clowns using traditional gestures. Looking for the rain gods in the clouds, one of the clowns claps ashes from his hands, representing a cloud. He looks upward, shading his eyes to indicate his attempt to see into the…

Rain Man, American dramatic film, released in 1988 and starring Tom Cruise and Dustin Hoffman, that was a hit with both critics and audiences and won four Academy Awards, including that for best picture, as well as two Golden Globe Awards, including that for best drama. (Read Martin Scorsese’s

Frank Capra: The early 1930s: …adapted the 1928 Broadway hit Rain or Shine for film in 1930, he retained comedian Joe Cook in the role of the saviour of a circus, but he dropped the stage show’s music. Capra’s next film was the ambitious Dirigible (1931), an expensive aerial adventure set at the South Pole.…

Ma Yuan: Landscape painting: …picture is the tall, unsigned Rain over Trees on a Rocky Shore in the Seikadō Foundation in Tokyo. The monumental composition, the expressive use of monochrome ink, and the powerful angularity of the brush work, in which the artist hacks out the facets of his rocks by means of a…

Francis Ford Coppola: Early years: …($750,000) for Coppola’s next project, The Rain People (1969). Scripted and directed by Coppola, it followed a pregnant Long Island housewife (Shirley Knight) who leaves her husband and takes to the road. Her path crosses most significantly with those of a former football player with a brain injury (James Caan)…

Lovedu: …in the person of the Rain Queen. Her lineage is traced to Karanga (Shona) immigrants from what is now southern Zimbabwe. The Rain Queen is believed to provide the rain crucial to agriculture through rituals and appeals to her divine ancestors. The Lovedu expect a queen’s death to result in…

rain shadow, lee side of an orographic (mountainous) barrier, which receives considerably less precipitation than the windward side. See orographic

Andy Goldsworthy: Art from the 1980s to the 2000s: His Rain Shadows (1984– ) involved lying down on the ground just before a rainfall and remaining in that spot until the rain stopped, thereby creating a “shadow” in the shape of his body, which he then photographed. In the 1980s Goldsworthy worked often with snow…

sheet erosion: The first is rain splash, in which soil particles are knocked into the air by raindrop impact. A hundred tons of particles per acre may be dislodged during a single rainstorm. In the second stage, the loose particles are moved downslope, commonly by sheetflooding. Broad sheets of rapidly…

agricultural technology: Rainmaking: …to increase the amount of precipitation from clouds by seeding them with salt or silver iodide have been made for nearly three decades. Both aircraft and ground generators have been employed, but the techniques are typically beyond the means of an individual farmer. Results suggest that cloud modification is entirely…

Rainald Of Dassel was a German statesman, chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire, and archbishop of Cologne, the chief executor of the policies of the emperor Frederick I Barbarossa in Italy. After studying at Hildesheim and Paris and serving as a church provost, Rainald became (1153) a member of

Rainald Of Dassel was a German statesman, chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire, and archbishop of Cologne, the chief executor of the policies of the emperor Frederick I Barbarossa in Italy. After studying at Hildesheim and Paris and serving as a church provost, Rainald became (1153) a member of

Carlo Rainaldi was a Baroque architect, one of the leading architects of 17th-century Rome, noted for the scenic grandeur of his designs. He collaborated with his father, Girolamo Rainaldi, a distinguished architect who transplanted to Rome the north Italian Mannerist tradition of Pellegrino

Girolamo Rainaldi was an Italian architect in the northern Italian Mannerist tradition, who became chief architect of Rome (in 1602) and of the papacy (1644). Rainaldi’s most important church is the Carmelite church of San Silvestro at Caprarola, near Rome. Pope Sixtus V was his patron, and

Girolamo Rainaldi was an Italian architect in the northern Italian Mannerist tradition, who became chief architect of Rome (in 1602) and of the papacy (1644). Rainaldi’s most important church is the Carmelite church of San Silvestro at Caprarola, near Rome. Pope Sixtus V was his patron, and

Nicholas (V) was the last imperial antipope, whose reign (May 1328 to August 1330) in Rome rivalled the pontificate of Pope John XXII at Avignon. An assembly of priests and laymen in Rome under the influence of the Holy Roman emperor Louis IV the Bavarian, whom John had excommunicated, elected the

Nicholas (V) was the last imperial antipope, whose reign (May 1328 to August 1330) in Rome rivalled the pontificate of Pope John XXII at Avignon. An assembly of priests and laymen in Rome under the influence of the Holy Roman emperor Louis IV the Bavarian, whom John had excommunicated, elected the

Nicholas (V) was the last imperial antipope, whose reign (May 1328 to August 1330) in Rome rivalled the pontificate of Pope John XXII at Avignon. An assembly of priests and laymen in Rome under the influence of the Holy Roman emperor Louis IV the Bavarian, whom John had excommunicated, elected the

tropical cyclone: Rainbands: In addition to deep convective cells (compact regions of vertical air movement) surrounding the eye, there are often secondary cells arranged in bands around the centre. These bands, commonly called rainbands, spiral into the centre of the storm. In some cases the rainbands are…

Janet Frame: …start a new life, and The Rainbirds (1968; also published as Yellow Flowers in the Antipodean Room), about a man resurrected from the dead. Intensive Care (1970) combines a story of thwarted love with a dystopian tale of a society that eliminates its weakest members. Her later novels include Daughter…

Thomas Rainborow was an English soldier and republican who fought for Parliament during the English Civil Wars. His father, Captain William Rainborow, had been an officer in the royal navy. Thomas commanded the Swallow in the Parliamentary fleet in 1643. Transferred to the land forces, he became a

rainbow, series of concentric coloured arcs that may be seen when light from a distant source—most commonly the Sun—falls upon a collection of water drops—as in rain, spray, or fog. The rainbow is observed in the direction opposite to the Sun. The coloured rays of the rainbow are caused by the

John Willis Griffiths: …first extreme clipper ship, the Rainbow, which was designed to engage in the China trade. The Rainbow was launched in 1845 and began a new era in shipbuilding.

Richard Quine: …Off starred Mickey Rooney, and Rainbow ’Round My Shoulder (both 1952) was another Laine musical; Quine cowrote the latter with Blake Edwards, and the two collaborated on several other screenplays. After Siren of Bagdad (1953) and several forgettable films, Quine garnered attention for Pushover (1954), a film noir starring Fred…

boa: The rainbow boa (Epicrates cenchria) of Costa Rica to Argentina is not strongly patterned but is markedly iridescent. Except for the anacondas, most boines are terrestrial to strongly arboreal. The young often move from the trees to the ground as they get older and larger. Most…

Niagara Falls: Rainbow Bridge, which was completed in 1941 to replace the Falls View Bridge that collapsed in 1938, is one of several that cross the river downstream from the falls. Niagara County Community College, part of the State University of New York system, was founded in…

Rainbow Bridge National Monument, rainbow-shaped natural bridge of pink sandstone spanning a canyon 290 feet (88 metres) above a creek that winds toward man-made Lake Powell in southern Utah, U.S., near the Utah-Arizona boundary. The monument is located in the Navajo Reservation, where it lies on

How Did the Rainbow Flag Become a Symbol of LGBTQ Pride?: …not uncommon to see the rainbow flag being proudly displayed as a symbol for the LGBTQ rights movement. But how did that flag become a symbol of LGBTQ pride?

Calotes, genus of arboreal (tree-dwelling) lizards of the family Agamidae, remarkable for their extreme colour changes when excited. It is found in gardens and forests of India, Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia, and some Pacific islands. The taxonomy is uncertain, however, and about 21 species, differing

lorikeet: The rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus) is among the most spectacular and variable of the group, with 21 races scattered over the southwestern Pacific. Most races of this 150-gram (5-ounce) species have red bills, blue heads, green wings, and black feet, though the colour and pattern of…

pink: Major species: deltoides); and rainbow, or China, pink (D. chinensis). Other important plants of the genus Dianthus are also sometimes referred to as pinks. The popular carnation (D. caryophyllus), for example, is often called clove pink in reference to its spicy scent, and sweet William (D. barbatus), a garden favourite, is…

Lamiales: Carnivorous families: …with a single genus (Byblis) and six species native to Australia and New Guinea. These are herbs with narrowly linear leaves densely covered by glandular hairs that trap and absorb nutrients from insects.

Jesse Jackson: The PUSH era: …in 1996 to form the Rainbow PUSH Coalition.

Howard W. Odum: …Odum’s books on African Americans, Rainbow Round My Shoulder: The Blue Trail of Black Ulysses (1928), was praised for its literary quality. Among his other works are Southern Regions of the United States (1936), Understanding Society (1947), and American Sociology (1951). At President Herbert Hoover’s request, Odum and William Fielding…

runner: The rainbow runner (Elagatis bipinnulata) is a spectacularly coloured fish, metallic blue on the upper half of the body and yellow on the lower. Two deeper blue longitudinal lines complement the brilliant colour pattern. Rainbow runners attain lengths of more than 1.2 m (4 feet).

Tom Clancy: …All Fears (1991; film 2002), Rainbow Six (1998), The Bear and the Dragon (2000), The Teeth of the Tiger (2003), Dead or Alive (2010), and Command Authority (2013) are subsequent novels.

Alejandro Jodorowsky: Later films, comic books, and psychomagic: Jodorowsky was a director-for-hire on The Rainbow Thief (1990), a gentle fantasy in which a petty thief (Omar Sharif) befriends a prince (Peter O’Toole) and the two live underground in the sewers while waiting for the prince to assume his inheritance. Jodorowsky subsequently disowned the film.

rainbow trout, (Oncorhynchus mykiss), game fish of the family Salmonidae noted for its spectacular leaps and hard fighting when hooked. It has been introduced from western North America to many other countries. A brightly coloured fish of lakes and swift streams, it is covered with small black

Greenpeace: …10, 1985, the Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior, which was due to sail to Moruroa Atoll to protest French atmospheric nuclear-weapons tests there, was sunk by two bomb explosions while berthed in Auckland Harbour, New Zealand. Subsequent revelations that French intelligence agents had planted the bombs caused a major international scandal…

The Rainbow, novel by D.H. Lawrence, published in 1915. The novel was officially banned after it was labeled obscene, and unsold copies were confiscated. The story line traces three generations of the Brangwen family in the Midlands of England from 1840 to 1905. The marriage of farmer Tom Brangwen

Taviani brothers: …was Una questione privata (2017; Rainbow: A Private Affair), which they cowrote, though only Paolo directed the war drama.

mackintosh, waterproof outercoat or raincoat, named after a Scottish chemist, Charles Macintosh (1766–1843), who invented the waterproof material that bears his name. The fabric used for a mackintosh was made waterproof by cementing two thicknesses of it together with rubber dissolved in a coal-tar

climate: Mechanisms of precipitation release: Considerable growth of the cloud droplets (with falling speeds of only about 1 cm, or 0.4 inch, per second) is therefore necessary if they are to fall through the cloud, survive evaporation in the unsaturated air below, and reach the ground as drizzle or rain. The production of a few…

raindrop cake, delicate gelatinous dessert of Japanese origin that is made of spring water or mineral water and agar powder and that derives its name from its large raindrop shape. It is virtually calorie-free and has a fresh, subtle taste. Without refrigeration, the dessert loses its shape in

Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid: Academy Award nominations (* denotes win): Assorted Referencesdiscussed in biography

English literature: Poetry: …in the narrative genre was Craig Raine’s History: The Home Movie (1994), a huge semifictionalized saga, written in three-line stanzas, chronicling several generations of his and his wife’s families. Before this, three books of dazzling virtuosity (The Onion, Memory [1978], A Martian Sends a Postcard Home [1979], and Rich [1984])…

Kathleen Raine was an English poet, scholar, and critic noted for her mystical and visionary poetry. Raine studied psychology and the natural sciences at Girton College in Cambridge (M.A., 1929) and in the 1930s was one of a group of Cambridge poets. Inspired by Plato, W.B. Yeats, William Blake,

Kathleen Raine was an English poet, scholar, and critic noted for her mystical and visionary poetry. Raine studied psychology and the natural sciences at Girton College in Cambridge (M.A., 1929) and in the 1930s was one of a group of Cambridge poets. Inspired by Plato, W.B. Yeats, William Blake,

Nancy Greene Raine is a Canadian Alpine skier and politician who was the winner of the inaugural women’s World Cup (1967–68). Greene’s family were all avid skiers, and she began skiing before she was six years old. Two of her sisters were also members of the national women’s team. She was educated

Luise Rainer was a German-born film actress who was the first person to receive two Academy Awards for acting. Rainer spent portions of her childhood in Vienna (where some sources say she was born) as well as in Munich and Switzerland. She began acting at the age of 16 and became a distinguished

Yvonne Rainer is an American avant-garde choreographer and filmmaker whose work in both disciplines often featured the medium’s most fundamental elements rather than meeting conventional expectations. Rainer moved to New York City in 1957 to study theatre. She found herself more strongly drawn to

Washington Nationals: … and outfielders Andre Dawson and Tim Raines, the Expos advanced to their first postseason appearance two years later during the strike-shortened 1981 season. That year they won their first-round series against the Philadelphia Phillies before losing to the eventual world champion Los Angeles Dodgers as the result of a ninth-inning…

Ma Rainey was an American singer who was known as the “mother of the blues” and who was recognized as the first great professional blues vocalist. While most sources state that she was born on April 26, 1886, in Columbus, Georgia, some suggest that her birth occurred in September 1882 in Alabama.

Joseph Hayne Rainey was a formerly enslaved American who was the first Black person to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives (1870–79). The son of a barber who bought the family’s freedom, Rainey received some private schooling and took up his father’s trade in Charleston, South Carolina.

Ma Rainey was an American singer who was known as the “mother of the blues” and who was recognized as the first great professional blues vocalist. While most sources state that she was born on April 26, 1886, in Columbus, Georgia, some suggest that her birth occurred in September 1882 in Alabama.

precipitation, all liquid and solid water particles that fall from clouds and reach the ground. These particles include drizzle, rain, snow, snow pellets, ice crystals, and hail. (This article contains a brief treatment of precipitation. For more-extensive coverage, see climate: Precipitation.) The

agricultural technology: Rainmaking: …to increase the amount of precipitation from clouds by seeding them with salt or silver iodide have been made for nearly three decades. Both aircraft and ground generators have been employed, but the techniques are typically beyond the means of an individual farmer. Results suggest that cloud modification is entirely…

rainforest, luxuriant forest, generally composed of tall, broad-leaved trees and usually found in wet tropical uplands and lowlands around the Equator. A brief treatment of rainforests follows. For full treatment, see tropical forest. Rainforests usually occur in regions where there is a high

Rainforest Alliance, international organization dedicated to conserving biodiversity and promoting environmentally sustainable and socially just practices in the farming and forestry industries, primarily in rainforests, in over 60 countries. The organization was founded in 1986. It gives its “seal

South American forest Indian, indigenous inhabitants of the tropical forests of South America. The tribal cultures of South America are so various that they cannot be adequately summarized in a brief space. The mosaic is baffling in its complexity: the cultures have interpenetrated one another as a

Forest regeneration, following such events as forest clearing by humans or as part of a natural process, results from interactions among diverse groups of organisms and the environment. Depending upon factors such as survivorship, pollination, and seed production and dispersal, different tree

She Done Him Wrong: Production notes and credits:

Fernanda Montenegro: ” In the television serial Rainha da sucata (1990; “The Queen of Scrap Iron”), a lampoon of soaps that was dubbed into Spanish and distributed throughout North and South America, she took on a self-effacing role as the matriarch of a quarreling family. An astonishingly versatile actress, she was respected…

Osman Lins: Avalovara), a novel; and A rainha dos cárceres da Grécia (1976; The Queen of the Prisons of Greece). These works subject fictional narrative to an order determined by external elements of “literary architecture.” Several narratives of Nine, Novena parallel signs of the zodiac and geometric ideograms. The Queen of…

railroad: The Liverpool and Manchester Railway: The Rainhill locomotive trials were conducted in 1829 to assure that those prime movers would be adequate to the demands placed on them and that adhesion was practicable. Stephenson’s entry, the Rocket, which he built with his son, Robert, won the trials owing to the increased…

Rainier III, prince de Monaco was the 31st hereditary ruler of the principality of Monaco (1949–2005). He was the son of Prince Pierre, count de Polignac, and Princess Charlotte de Monaco, daughter of Louis II, prince de Monaco. Rainier became a Grimaldi (i.e., received his mother’s family name) in

Mount Rainier, highest mountain (14,410 feet [4,392 metres]) in the state of Washington, U.S., and in the Cascade Range. It lies about 40 miles (64 km) southeast of the city of Tacoma, within Mount Rainier National Park. The mountain is geologically young, formed by successive lava flows from

Madagascar: Outside influences (1861–95): The head of the army, Rainilaiarivony, a Hova, became prime minister and remained in power by marrying three queens in succession: Rasoherina, Ranavalona II, and Ranavalona III. He embarked on a program of modernization, and in 1869 he caused Protestantism to be adopted and suppressed the traditional Malagasy religion. European-style…

Ken Loach: …a London construction crew, and Raining Stones (1993) follows a man searching for money to buy a dress for his daughter. The latter took the jury prize at Cannes. Loach also received praise for Ladybird Ladybird (1994), a downbeat portrayal of a single mother struggling to hold her family together…

Rainis was a Latvian poet and dramatist whose works were outstanding as literature and for their assertion of national freedom and social consciousness. From 1891 to 1895 Rainis edited the newspaper Dienas Lapa, aimed at promoting social and class consciousness in the peasantry. Inspired by Marxist

John Grisham: Other novels: >The Rainmaker (1995; film 1997), The Runaway Jury (1996; film 2003), and The Testament (1999).

Francis Ford Coppola: The 1990s: …best-selling novel by John Grisham, The Rainmaker (1997) starred Matt Damon as a young attorney in Memphis whose idealism clashes with the greed of his ambulance-chasing boss. Although it was only a modest commercial success, The Rainmaker received positive reviews. Coppola then entered into a long fallow period, primarily as…

rainmaking, any process of increasing the amount of precipitation discharged from a cloud. Primitive methods, such as rain dances or the throwing of pebbles into water, fail to produce rain. However, modern techniques of cloud seeding, such as efforts to coax precipitation from supercooled clouds

film: Camera movement: In The Rains Came (1939), as the heroine realizes with horror that she has drunk from a glass that may be contaminated with typhus, the camera rushes forward to a close-up on the fatal glass, shining in the darkness. These movements are often effected without physically…

Jean Negulesco: Millionaire and Three Coins: …films from the decade include The Rains of Ranchipur (1955)—an adaptation of a novel by Louis Bromfield, starring Lana Turner, Richard Burton, and MacMurray—and Boy on a Dolphin (1957), which starred Sophia Loren (in her first American film) as a sponge diver who discovers sunken treasure off the Greek isles.…

Claude Rains was a British motion picture and stage character actor noted for his smooth distinguished voice, polished ironic style, and intelligent portrayal of a variety of roles, ranging from villains to sympathetic gentlemen. Rains began acting at the age of 11 and worked at various backstage

Claude Rains was a British motion picture and stage character actor noted for his smooth distinguished voice, polished ironic style, and intelligent portrayal of a variety of roles, ranging from villains to sympathetic gentlemen. Rains began acting at the age of 11 and worked at various backstage

Thomas Rainborow was an English soldier and republican who fought for Parliament during the English Civil Wars. His father, Captain William Rainborow, had been an officer in the royal navy. Thomas commanded the Swallow in the Parliamentary fleet in 1643. Transferred to the land forces, he became a

Cambodia: Tensions between the CPP and the opposition: …1990s by former Funcinpec member Sam Rainsy. The party experienced a setback in 2005 when Rainsy fled the country before being convicted of criminal defamation against Hun Sen and Prince Ranariddh. Rainsy returned to Cambodia the following year after receiving a royal pardon. Meanwhile, the electoral law was changed in…

Elizabeth Taylor: Giant, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, and Suddenly, Last Summer: In Raintree County (1957), Taylor channeled a deracinated Southern belle who marries an abolitionist (Montgomery Clift). Her mature screen persona— that of a glamorous, passionate woman unafraid of expressing love and anger—was at its apogee in film adaptations of Tennessee Williams’s Cat on a Hot Tin…