Jean d’Outremeuse was a French author of two romanticized historical works, La Geste de Liège and Ly Myreur des histors. La Geste de Liège is an account—partly in prose, partly in verse—of the mythical history of his native city, Liège. Ly Myreur des histors (“The Mirror of History”) is more

canoe: …sea, canoes were fitted with outriggers, or pairs of canoes were linked by spars (see catamaran). The early French missionaries and explorers in northern North America used birchbark canoes, as did the voyageurs and others later engaged in the fur trade, which required relatively large canoes.

commercial fishing: Beam or outrigger trawlers: With this type of vessel, two beam trawls are towed from booms extending to each side and supported by a central mast. The booms are very strong, as they take the full weight of the trawl being towed. The mast supporting the booms…

Fernanda Montenegro: …outro lado da rua (2004; The Other Side of the Street), a thriller inspired by the work of director Alfred Hitchcock, featured Montenegro as a lonely woman who believes she has witnessed a murder take place across the street from her apartment building. She received a number of best actress…

Jon Krakauer: Early career: Mountaineering and writing: …correspondent and contributing editor for Outside, and wrote essays for magazines including Smithsonian and New Age Journal; one of his articles for Smithsonian won him a Walter Sullivan Award for Excellence in Science Journalism in 1997. In 1990, Krakauer published his debut book, Eiger Dreams: Ventures Among Men and Mountains,…

Burna Boy: Music career: …Boy dropped his third album, Outside, which won the Nigeria Entertainment Award for album of the year and hit number three on the Billboard reggae chart, cementing Burna Boy’s place as an international music artist. The single “Ye” and its accompanying music video found popularity in the United States with…

Barry Lopez: …in the Caribbean (2000), and Outside (2014). Other notable works included the essay collections Crossing Open Ground (1988), About This Life (1998), and Embrace Fearlessly the Burning World (2022), the latter of which was published posthumously. In Horizon (2019) Lopez recounted his various travels. In addition, he authored books

David Bowie: The 1980s and ’90s: …had lost his shrewdness (Outside [1995]).

caliper: Outside calipers measure thicknesses and outside diameters of objects; inside calipers measure hole diameters and distances between surfaces. To check the dimensions of a machined part, the calipers are first adjusted to the required dimension on a ruler or a standard plug or hole gauge;…

Thomas McGuane: His essay collections—An Outside Chance (1980; rev. ed., 1990), Some Horses (1999), and The Longest Silence: A Life in Fishing (1999)—reflect mostly on leisure and the outdoors, especially his passion for fly-fishing and horseback riding. McGuane was inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Letters in…

Eavan Boland: …poetry included Selected Poems (1989), Outside History (1990), In a Time of Violence (1994), Anna Liffey (1997), Against Love Poetry (2001), Domestic Violence (2007), and A Woman Without a Country (2014). Her final collection, The Historians, was published posthumously in 2020.

government economic policy: The problem of time lags: The effect lag is the amount of time between the time action is taken and an effect is realized. Monetary policy involves longer delays than fiscal policy; the time between a change in monetary policy and its ultimate effect on private investment may be between one…

Jean-Louis Trintignant: …Un Homme est morte (1973; The Outside Man). He also appeared in several films directed by his second wife, Nadine Trintignant, including L’Été prochain (1985; Next Summer) and the television movie L’Insoumise (1996; “The Unsubdued”).

Tod Browning: Early life and work: …Dean, and Chaney reunited for Outside the Law (1920), a crime story set in San Francisco’s Chinatown, in which Dean played a criminal trying to go straight; Chaney played two roles, a villainous gangster and a Chinese servant.

outsider art, any work of art produced by an untrained idiosyncratic artist who is typically unconnected to the conventional art world—not by choice but by circumstance. The “classic” figures of outsider art were socially or culturally marginal figures. They were usually undereducated; they almost

Colin Wilson: …he wrote his first book, The Outsider (1956). The book was a study of alienation as glimpsed through the lives and writings of some of the principal intellectual figures of the 20th century. It was at first acclaimed for its brilliance, and this initial critical response catapulted Wilson to fame…

Stephen King: Other novels: …to The Shining; Revival (2014); The Outsider (2018; TV miniseries 2020); The Institute (2019); Later (2021); and Fairy Tale (2022).

Jared Leto: Dallas Buyers Club and later roles: …Blade Runner 2049 (2017) and The Outsider (2018). His credits from 2021 included The Little Things, in which he portrayed a serial killer, and House of Gucci, a true-crime drama about a family and its luxury fashion brand. Leto later appeared in the limited TV series WeCrashed (2022), which explores…

The Stranger, enigmatic first novel by Albert Camus, published in French as L’Étranger in 1942. It was published as The Outsider in England and as The Stranger in the United States. The title character of The Stranger is Meursault, a Frenchman who lives in Algiers (a pied-noir). The novel is famous

Richard Wright: Move to France: The Outsider (1953), acclaimed as the first American existential novel, warned that the Black man had awakened in a disintegrating society not ready to include him. Three later novels were not well received.

Delbert Mann: Feature films: With The Outsider (1961)—a biopic about Native American Ira Hamilton Hayes, who helped raise the U.S. flag at Iwo Jima during World War II—Mann finally broke away from theatrical dramas; a strong performance by Curtis in the title role anchors the film.

Ernesto Sábato: The Outsider) won Sábato national and international notice. The protagonist of the novel is a typical existential antihero who is unable to communicate with anyone. Faced with the absurdity of the human condition, he withdraws from society. Sábato subsequently published nonfiction works such as Hombres…

Howard S. Becker: Becker’s most famous book, Outsiders (1963), viewed deviance as the cultural product of interactions between people whose occupations involved either committing crimes or catching criminals. It represented a major turning point in the sociology of deviance. In Art Worlds (1982), a book that greatly influenced the sociology of art,…

12 Essential Brat Pack Flicks: The Outsiders (1983): Fans of this highly stylized, star-studded film adaptation of S.E. Hinton’s young adult novel from 1967 about teen gangs in Oklahoma have a school librarian from Fresno, California, to thank for its existence. In 1980 Jo Ellen Misakian and her students wrote…

The Outsiders, young adult (YA) novel by American author S.E. Hinton about rival teen gangs in Oklahoma that was published in 1967 and was one of the first modern YA novels. The novel centers on Ponyboy Curtis, a 14-year-old boy who narrates about two weeks of his life in a city (presumed to be

Sue Goyette: Mid-career: Goyette’s Outskirts (2011), on the other hand, combines prose and verse poems with the natural world used to describe domestic life. In “New Mothers,” for instance, a witty, ironic attitude expresses the paradoxical pressures placed on mothers:

outsourcing, work arrangement made by an employer who hires an outside contractor to perform work that could be done by company personnel. Outsourcing has been a frequent point of dispute for organized labour. If, for example, an employer has a labour contract with a union, and the outsourced work

cricket: Bowling: …the batsman), and the “away swinger,” or “outswinger,” which swerves from leg to off (away from the batsman). A “googly” (coined by cricketer B.J.T. Bosanquet on the 1903–04 MCC tour) is a ball bowled with fingerspin that breaks unexpectedly in the opposite direction from that anticipated by the batsman…

Sutton Vane: …unusual and highly successful play Outward Bound (1923), about a group of passengers who find themselves making an ocean voyage on a ship that seems to have no crew. Slowly they realize that they are dead and bound for the other world, which is both heaven and hell.

outwash, deposit of sand and gravel carried by running water from the melting ice of a glacier and laid down in stratified deposits. An outwash may attain a thickness of 100 m (328 feet) at the edge of a glacier, although the thickness is usually much less; it may also extend many kilometres in

glacial landform: Glaciofluvial deposits: …merge to form a wide outwash plain, or sandur.

Ouvéa Island, northernmost of the Loyalty Islands, an island group within the French overseas country of New Caledonia, southwestern Pacific Ocean. Ouvéa is a crescent-shaped atoll, 30 miles (50 km) long and 4.5 miles (7 km) wide. The most fertile of the group, it is wooded and produces copra for

suite: …this type were often called ouvertures. Examples of this more flexible approach include the collections Florilegia (1695, 1698) of Georg Muffat, Johann Sebastian Bach’s four Ouvertures for orchestra, and George Frideric Handel’s Water Music (1717) and Music for the Royal Fireworks (1749).

lacquerwork: Europe: …France, on the other hand, ouvrage à la Chine was the term for the imitation of lacquer practiced at the Gobelins factory in Paris from 1672. By the end of the century Berlin had become another centre of experimentation, from which a Fleming, Jacques Dagly, brought secrets that were to…

social science: Sociology: …the working classes in Europe, Les Ouvriers européens (1855; “European Workers”), which compared families and communities in all parts of Europe and even other parts of the world. Tocqueville, especially in the second volume of Democracy in America, provided an account of the customs, social structures, and institutions in America,…

French literature: Postwar poetry: …was associated with OuLiPo (Ouvroir de Littérature Potentielle; “Workshop of Potential Literature”), an experimental group of writers of poetry and prose formed by Raymond Queneau and inspired by Alfred Jarry, who saw the acceptance of rigorous formal constraints—often mathematical—as the best way of liberating artistic potential. Queneau, most widely…

Ouyang Xiu was a Chinese poet, historian, and statesman of the Song dynasty who reintroduced the simple “ancient style” in Chinese literature and sought to reform Chinese political life through principles of classical Confucianism. Ouyang Xiu’s father, a judge in Mianyang, died when Ouyang was

Ouyang Xiu was a Chinese poet, historian, and statesman of the Song dynasty who reintroduced the simple “ancient style” in Chinese literature and sought to reform Chinese political life through principles of classical Confucianism. Ouyang Xiu’s father, a judge in Mianyang, died when Ouyang was

ouzel, (species Turdus torquatus), a thrush of the family Turdidae (order Passeriformes), characterized by a white crescent on the breast. A blackish bird, 24 cm (9.5 inches) long, it breeds locally in uplands from Great Britain and Norway to the Middle East. The name ouzel was formerly applied to

absinthe: …Pernod, anis (or anisette), pastis, ouzo, or raki. Pastis also turns cloudy white when mixed with water, and anis turns to a cloudy greenish-tinged white.

ovum, in human physiology, single cell released from either of the female reproductive organs, the ovaries, which is capable of developing into a new organism when fertilized (united) with a sperm cell. The outer surface of each ovary is covered by a layer of cells (germinal epithelium); these

kumquat: The oval, or Nagami, kumquat (Fortunella margarita) is the most common species. It is native to southern China and bears yellowish orange fruits that are about 3 cm (1.2 inches) in diameter. The round, or Marumi, kumquat is F. japonica; it is indigenous to Japan and…

Arguably the most famous office in the world, the Oval Office has become synonymous with the White House and the U.S. presidency. The reality is that the Oval Office as currently configured dates to the 1930s and has been the working home for just 15 of the country’s 45 leaders. The creation of the

Edgar Allan Poe: Themes, technique, and legacy: Valdemar,” “The Premature Burial,” “The Oval Portrait,” “Shadow”), his tales of wickedness and crime (“Berenice,” “The Black Cat,” “William Wilson,” “The Imp of the Perverse,” “The Cask of Amontillado,” “The Tell-Tale Heart”), his tales of survival after dissolution (“Ligeia,” “

human ear: Transmission of sound by air conduction: …on the membrane covering the oval window in the bony plate of the inner ear. The action of the stapes transmits the sound waves to the perilymph of the vestibule and the scala vestibuli.

Tyler Perry: …and his subsequent shows included The Oval (2019– ), about a U.S. president and his family, and its spinoff, Ruthless (2020– ).

candy: Nougat: …vigorously mixing a solution of egg albumin or other similar protein into boiled syrup; a less sticky product is obtained by mixing in some vegetable fat. Egg albumin is a powdered ingredient especially prepared from egg whites by a process of partial fermentation and low-temperature drying. Great care is needed…

Chile: Chile from 1818 to 1920: …junta (collegial government) that nominated José Tomás de Ovalle as provisory president. Actual power, however, was held by Diego Portales, who, as either a cabinet member or a private citizen, in fact ruled as a virtual dictator.

Nestlé SA: …the milk-flavouring product known as Ovaltine to its product line. The company also entered the frozen-pizza market in 2010 by purchasing Kraft Foods’ frozen-pizza business in the U.S. and Canada for $3.7 billion.

Ambo, ethnolinguistic group located in the dry grassland country of northern Namibia and southern Angola. They are usually called Ovambo in Namibia and Ambo in Angola and speak Kwanyama, a Bantu language. The Ambo were originally ruled by hereditary kings who performed priestly functions. The Ambo

Owambo, geographic region, northern Namibia. Owambo is bordered by the Kaokoland (Kaokoveld) region on the west and by the Kavango region on the east. The border with Angola lies to the north. Most of semiarid Owambo is an extremely flat plain covered by white sands. It is crossed by a series of

SWAPO Party of Namibia, political party that began as a liberation movement in Namibia (formerly South West Africa) that advocated immediate Namibian independence from South Africa and became the country’s leading party following independence in 1990. It was founded in 1960, and, after South Africa

Bolivia: Return to military rule: Alfredo Ovando Candía, who nationalized Gulf Oil Company holdings. Ovando was in turn forced out of office in October 1970 by the more radical Gen. Juan José Torres. Of the several military regimes that governed between 1964 and 1979, that led by Torres was the…

Nicolás de Ovando was a Spanish military leader and the first royal governor of the West Indies. He was the first to apply the encomienda system of Indian forced labour, which became widespread in Spanish America, and he founded a stable Spanish community in Santo Domingo that became a base and

human cardiovascular system: The aorta and its principal branches: The testicular or ovarian arteries supply the testes in the male and the ovaries in the female, respectively.

animal reproductive system: Ovaries: …membranous sac of peritoneum, the ovarian bursa, traps part of the coelom in a chamber along with the ovary. The bursal cavity (periovarian space) may be broadly open to the main coelom, completely closed off from the coelom, or in communication with the coelom by a narrow, slitlike passage. The…

ovarian cancer, disease characterized by the abnormal growth of cells in the ovaries, the internal reproductive organs that produce the ova, or egg cells, in women. Most ovarian cancers begin in the outer layer of the ovaries, although some cancers develop from the connective tissue that holds the

ectopic pregnancy: Ovarian ectopic pregnancy and cervical ectopic pregnancy are relatively rare conditions. In ovarian pregnancy, the ovum is fertilized before its discharge from the follicle, resulting in the ovum’s implantation in or on the ovary. Ovarian pregnancies typically abort early, and the most common symptom is…

animal reproductive system: Ovaries: …time or another, eggs in ovarian follicles (i.e., developing eggs); it undergoes fluctuations in size and appearance that correlate with stages of the reproductive cycle. The cortex also contains remnants of ovulated follicles and, in mammals, clusters of interstitial cells that, in some species, are glandular. The cortical components are…

ovary, in zoology, female reproductive organ in which sex cells (eggs, or ova) are produced. The usually paired ovaries of female vertebrates produce both the sex cells and the hormones necessary for reproduction. In some invertebrate groups, such as coelenterates (cnidarians), formation of ovaries

insect: Reproductive system: …consists of a number of ovarioles. The ovarioles converge upon the two oviducts, and the oviducts unite to form a common oviduct down which the ripe eggs are discharged. Each ovariole consists of a germarium and a series of ovarial follicles. The germarium is a mass of undifferentiated cells that…

Ephraim McDowell: He performed his first ovariotomy on Jane Todd Crawford. Without anesthesia or antisepsis, he removed a 20-pound tumour. Crawford lived for more than 30 years afterward. McDowell performed a total of 13 ovariotomies, 8 of them successful, despite prevailing opinion that such an operation would necessarily be fatal.

ovary, in zoology, female reproductive organ in which sex cells (eggs, or ova) are produced. The usually paired ovaries of female vertebrates produce both the sex cells and the hormones necessary for reproduction. In some invertebrate groups, such as coelenterates (cnidarians), formation of ovaries

ovary, in botany, enlarged basal portion of the pistil, the female organ of a flower. The ovary contains ovules, which develop into seeds upon fertilization. The ovary itself will mature into a fruit, either dry or fleshy, enclosing the seeds. A simple or unicarpellate ovary is formed from a single

triumph: …triumph might be granted an ovatio, in which he walked or rode on horseback, wearing the purple-bordered toga of an ordinary magistrate and a wreath of myrtle.

polymer banknote: Origin: … led a team that combined optically variable devices (OVDs) with a thin polymer base. OVDs are features that change with light or movement, such as holograms that appear as three-dimensional images and pictures that change color. The thin polymer base on which they chose to print the money is resistant…

Aphrodite Terra: …by two broad upland regions, Ovda Regio in the central part and Thetis Regio farther east. Ovda spans about 4,000 km (2,500 miles) from north to south; Thetis, about 3,000 km (1,900 miles). Both are composed primarily of tessera (Latin: “mosaic tile”) terrain. Extraordinarily rugged and highly deformed, tessera terrain…

Alex Ovechkin is a Russian ice hockey player and a leading goal scorer in the NHL. In November 2025 Ovechkin became the first player in NHL history to score 900 goals during the regular season. Four months later he became the second player (after Wayne Gretzky) to score 1,000 career goals (regular

Alex Ovechkin is a Russian ice hockey player and a leading goal scorer in the NHL. In November 2025 Ovechkin became the first player in NHL history to score 900 goals during the regular season. Four months later he became the second player (after Wayne Gretzky) to score 1,000 career goals (regular

baking: History: The Egyptians developed the first ovens. The earliest known examples are cylindrical vessels made of baked Nile clay, tapered at the top to give a cone shape and divided inside by a horizontal shelflike partition. The lower section is the firebox, the upper section is the baking chamber. The pieces…

ovenbird, any of over 200 species of small birds, named for building a domed nest with a side entrance, especially Seiurus aurocapillus, a wood warbler (family Parulidae, order Passeriformes) of North America east of the Rockies; it winters south to Colombia. Brownish olive above, with a streaked

Beechworth: …was a centre of the Ovens Valley goldfields; it was the site of some of the earliest hospital, jail, and mental health care facilities in Victoria. The town has a memorial museum named for the explorer Robert O’Hara Burke, who had lived in Beechworth, and hosts a branch of La…

John Owen was a Welsh epigrammatist whose perfect mastery of the Latin language brought him the name of “the British Martial,” after the ancient Roman poet. Owen was educated at Winchester School and at New College, Oxford. He was a fellow of his college from 1584 to 1591, when he became a

cricket: Overs: When a bowler has bowled six balls (occasionally, eight balls), not counting wides and no balls, he has completed an over. The batsmen remain where they are and a new over is begun by a different bowler at the opposite wicket, with a corresponding…

Charles Vidor: Rita Hayworth: Cover Girl and Gilda: Over 21 (1945), from a Ruth Gordon play, was a funny if minor wartime farce starring Dunne, Alexander Knox, and Charles Coburn.

Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer: The following year, in “Over de onbetrouwbaarheid der logische principes” (“On the Untrustworthiness of the Logical Principles”), he rejected as invalid the use in mathematical proofs of the principle of the excluded middle (or excluded third). According to this principle, every mathematical statement is either true or false; no…

ProCon Debate: Should Obesity Be Treated as a Disease? ProCon Issue in the News: A Nov. 2024 study published in The Lancet found that nearly three-quarters of American adults were overweight or obese in 2021. The study predicted the rate would increase to over 80% by 2050. Almost half of American

Patrick Anderson: …Me (1957) is autobiographical, and Over the Alps: Reflections on Travel and Travel Writing (1969) is concerned mainly with the grand tours taken in the 18th and 19th centuries by the Scottish biographer James Boswell, by the author of Vathek, William Beckford, and by Lord Byron. Anderson’s last published work…

Catherine O’Hara: Schitt’s Creek and Beetlejuice Beetlejuice: …work included the animated films Over the Hedge (2006) and Burton’s Frankenweenie (2012) as well as one of the monsters in Where the Wild Things Are (2009).

Judy Garland: …become another signature song, “Over the Rainbow,” helped make the film one of the most beloved movie classics. It also brought Garland her first and only Academy Award, a special award with a miniature statuette for “outstanding performance by a screen juvenile.” She played her last juvenile role in…

George M. Cohan: The man who owned Broadway: …Name” and the famous “Over There” of World War I, for which Congress authorized him a special medal in 1940.

cricket: Technical development: …officially accorded liberty to bowl overhand (but not to cock and straighten the arm). This change dramatically altered the game, making it yet more difficult for a batsman to judge the ball. Already a bowler was allowed to take a running start from any direction and for any distance. Once…

Jacobus Revius: His collection Over-IJsselsche sangen en dichten (1630; “Over-IJssel Songs and Poems”) shows the stylistic influence of the French Renaissance poet Pierre de Ronsard as well as Revius’s affinities with the English Metaphysical poets in his prolific use of stark metaphor and the profusion of four-line epigrams. The…

over-the-counter market, trading in stocks and bonds that does not take place on stock exchanges. It is most significant in the United States, where requirements for listing stocks on the exchanges are quite strict. It is often called the “off-board market” and sometimes the “unlisted market,”

Robert Morris Page: …the first successful demonstration of high-frequency over-the-horizon (HF OTH) radar, whose propagating waves are refracted by the Earth’s ionosphere. The detection of ships, aircraft, and ballistic missiles was thereby extended out to about 3,200 km (2,000 miles), approximately 10 times the range of microwave radars, which are limited to the…

San Angelo, city, seat (1875) of Tom Green county, west-central Texas, U.S. It lies about 90 miles (145 km) southwest of Abilene. Founded in 1869 near Fort Concho (now a museum) at the confluence of the North, South, and Middle Concho rivers, it was first known as Over-the-River but was renamed

coal mining: Choosing a mining method: …calculated with the aid of stripping ratios, which represent the amount of waste material that must be removed to extract a given amount of coal. Stripping ratios can also consider the selling price of coal, and a certain minimum profit can be added to the total cost of producing and…

Ovonramwen was a West African ruler who was the last independent oba (king) of the 500-year-old kingdom of Benin (in present-day Nigeria). Ovonramwen tried to maintain his independence in the face of increasing British pressure but was able to delay for only a few years the annexation of his

perpetual motion: …and the oldest, is the overbalanced wheel. In a typical version, flexible arms are attached to the outer rim of a vertically mounted wheel. An inclined trough is arranged to transfer rolling weights from folded arms on one side of the wheel to fully extended arms on the other. The…

Friedrich Nietzsche: Collapse and misuse: …his collapse brought his friend Franz Overbeck, a Christian theologian, to Italy to return Nietzsche to Basel. Nietzsche spent the last 11 years of his life in total mental darkness, first in a Basel asylum, then in Naumburg under his mother’s care and, after her death in 1897, in Weimar…

Worpswede school: …married Modersohn), Hans am Ende, Fritz Overbeck, and Heinrich Vogeler. Clara Westoff, a talented sculptor, also worked at Worpswede, where she met the German poet Rainer Maria Rilke, whom she married in 1901. Two years later Rilke published a book, Worpswede, discussing the artists and the landscape.

Johann Friedrich Overbeck was a Romantic painter of Christian religious subjects, who was leader of a group of German artists known as the Nazarenes, or Lucas Brotherhood (Lukasbund). In 1806 Overbeck entered the Academy of Vienna, where, disappointed in the academic approach to teaching, he and

wind instrument: Flutes and reeds: …upper register, the player must overblow, breaking the air column into parts, each of which vibrates at a frequency that is in direct proportion to the fundamental. Oboes, bassoons, and saxophones—all open tubes with conical bores—overblow at the octave; clarinets, whose cylindrical bore acts as a closed pipe, overblow at…

Garry Marshall: Films: Pretty Woman and The Princess Diaries: The romantic comedy Overboard, featuring Goldie Hawn and Kurt Russell, had a lukewarm reception upon its release in 1987 but later became a cult classic. Marshall had a bigger hit with Beaches (1988), a tearjerker centering on two longtime childhood friends (Bette Midler and Barbara Hershey).

coal mining: Contour strip mining: …method consists of removing the overburden above the coal seam and then, starting at the outcrop and proceeding along the hillside, creating a bench around the hill. In the past, the blasted overburden spoil was simply shoved down the hill; currently, soil is either carried down the mountain to fill…

Sir Thomas Overbury was an English poet and essayist, victim of an infamous intrigue at the court of James I. His poem A Wife, thought by some to have played a role in precipitating his murder, became widely popular after his death, and the brief portraits added to later editions established his

The Overcoat, short story by Nikolay Gogol, published in Russian as “Shinel” in 1842. The Overcoat is perhaps the best-known and most influential short fiction in all of Russian literature. Gogol’s Dead Souls and “The Overcoat” are considered the foundation of 19th-century Russian realism. Gogol’s

Abraham-Louis Breguet: …inventions and innovations were the overcoil, an improvement of the balance spring that was incorporated into many precision watches, and the tourbillon, an improvement that rendered the escapement immune to errors caused by the changing position of the watch while being carried. Breguet succeeded Pierre-Louis Berthoud as the official chronometer…

tunnels and underground excavations: Rock-mechanics investigation: One is an “overcoring” method (developed in Sweden and South Africa) used for ranges up to about 100 feet out from the drift and employing a cylindrical instrument known as a borehole deformeter. A small hole is drilled into the rock and the deformeter inserted. Diameter changes of…

war: Ethology: …ethologists are the effects of overcrowding on animals and animal behaviour regarding territory. The study of overcrowding is incomplete, and the findings that normal behaviour patterns tend to break down in such conditions and that aggressive behaviour often becomes prominent are subject to the qualification that animal and human reactions…