Johann Mattheson was a composer and scholar whose writings are an important source of information about 18th-century German music. Mattheson befriended George Frideric Handel while serving as a singer and conductor at the Hamburg Opera. In 1706 he became secretary to the English ambassador, and he

Cat Stevens: Early career: Stevens released his first album, Matthew and Son (1967), which reached the top 10 on U.K. music charts, with the eponymous single peaking at number two. In the spring of 1967 Stevens went on a month-long tour as part of The Jimi Hendrix Experience, which featured Hendrix, Stevens, and the…

Cat Stevens: Early career: music charts, with the eponymous single peaking at number two. In the spring of 1967 Stevens went on a month-long tour as part of The Jimi Hendrix Experience, which featured Hendrix, Stevens, and the Walker Brothers. In December of that year he released his second album, New Masters.

Matthew Island, active volcano in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, within the French overseas country of New Caledonia, although France’s claim is disputed by Vanuatu. Matthew Island is located some 320 miles (500 km) east of the New Caledonian mainland. It was sighted in 1788 by the English mariner

Germany: The Hussite controversy: …Milíč of Kroměříž (Kremsier), and Matthew of Janov. The teachings of Conrad and Milíč had a strongly puritanical tinge; in opposition to the wealthy sacramental church with its external means of grace, they held up the ideal of the primitive church in a condition of apostolic poverty and the exclusive…

Matthew Shepard: In 2007 the Local Law Enforcement Hate Crimes Prevention Act (later dubbed the Matthew Shepard Act) was introduced to address these shortcomings in the law. Although the bill was passed by the U.S. House of Representatives, it was delayed because of widespread Republican opposition, including from U.S. Pres.…

hate crime: …Obama signed into law the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr., Hate Crimes Prevention Act. The new legislation expanded the federal hate-crimes statute to include violent crimes motivated by disability, gender, gender identity, and sexual orientation.

Matthew Stafford is a three-time Pro Bowl quarterback with the Los Angeles Rams of the NFL, who led the team to victory in Super Bowl LVI in 2022. Stafford was born in Tampa, Florida, to John and Margaret Stafford, who both worked in sales. He grew up in Highland Park, an affluent suburb of Dallas,

St. Matthew ; Western feast day September 21, Eastern feast day November 16) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ and the traditional author of the first Synoptic Gospel (the Gospel According to Matthew). His symbol is an angel, and he is a patron saint of tax collectors and accountants.

St. Matthew ; Western feast day September 21, Eastern feast day November 16) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ and the traditional author of the first Synoptic Gospel (the Gospel According to Matthew). His symbol is an angel, and he is a patron saint of tax collectors and accountants.

Abaiang Atoll, coral atoll of the Gilbert Islands, part of Kiribati, in the west-central Pacific Ocean. Comprising six islets in the northern Gilberts, the atoll has a lagoon (16 miles by 5 miles [26 km by 8 km]) that provides sheltered anchorage. The islets of Abaiang are Teirio, Nuotaea,

Brian Matthew: From rock and roll’s arrival in the 1950s to the heyday of the beat boom in the 1960s, British pop music fans were poorly served by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). Before the advent of the BBC’s pop network, Radio 1, coverage of pop music…

Gospel According to Matthew, first of the four New Testament Gospels (narratives recounting the life and death of Jesus Christ) and, with The Gospels According to Mark and Luke, one of the three so-called Synoptic Gospels (i.e., those presenting a common view). It has traditionally been attributed

Patrick Matthew was a Scottish landowner and agriculturalist best known for his development of an early description of the theory of evolution by natural selection. His ideas, published within a book on forestry in 1831, bore similarities to several concepts developed by British naturalists Charles

St. Matthew ; Western feast day September 21, Eastern feast day November 16) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ and the traditional author of the first Synoptic Gospel (the Gospel According to Matthew). His symbol is an angel, and he is a patron saint of tax collectors and accountants.

John Rogers was a religious Reformer and the first Protestant martyr of the English queen Mary I’s reign. He was the editor of the English Bible published (1537) under the pseudonym Thomas Matthew. A graduate of the University of Cambridge (1526), he was made rector of Holy Trinity, Queenhithe,

William Diller Matthew was a Canadian-American paleontologist who was an important contributor to modern knowledge of mammalian evolution. From 1895 to 1927 Matthew worked in the department of vertebrate paleontology at the American Museum of Natural History, New York City. He became curator of the

Guyana: Resources and power: …significant deposits of manganese at Matthews Ridge in the northwest, about 30 miles (48 km) east of the Venezuelan frontier. Diamonds are found in the Mazaruni and other rivers of the Pacaraima Mountains; they continue to be mined by hand and by suction dredges in the interior rivers. Gold is…

Mother Bernardina Matthews was an American religious leader, the founder of the first monastery of a Roman Catholic order in the United States. Matthews grew up in a deeply religious home in a time when Roman Catholics laboured under legal disabilities and other discriminations in Maryland. In 1754

Brander Matthews was an essayist, drama critic, novelist, and the first U.S. professor of dramatic literature. Educated at Columbia University, Matthews was admitted to the bar but never practiced, turning instead to writing and the study of literature. He was professor of literature at Columbia,

Burnita Shelton Matthews was an American judge who in 1949 became the first woman to serve as a federal district judge when she was named to the Federal District Court for the District of Columbia by Pres. Harry S. Truman. As a young woman, Matthews was sent to study voice and piano at the

Chris Matthews is an American journalist and political commentator best known as the host of Hardball with Chris Matthews, a nightly talk show on the television news network MSNBC. Matthews was raised in the suburbs of Philadelphia and graduated from the College of the Holy Cross in 1967. He

Chris Matthews is an American journalist and political commentator best known as the host of Hardball with Chris Matthews, a nightly talk show on the television news network MSNBC. Matthews was raised in the suburbs of Philadelphia and graduated from the College of the Holy Cross in 1967. He

life: Production of polymers: …liquid ammonia by American chemist Clifford Matthews in simulations of the early upper atmosphere. Some evidence exists that ultraviolet irradiation induces combinations of nucleotide bases and sugars in the presence of phosphates or cyanides. Some condensing agents such as cyanamide are efficiently made under simulated primitive conditions. Despite the breakdown…

migration: Birds: …theory, proposed by British ornithologist G.V.T. Matthews, is based on other aspects of the Sun’s position, the most important of which is the arc of the Sun—i.e., the angle made by the plane through which the Sun is moving in relation to the horizontal. Each day in the Northern Hemisphere,…

32 Notable Women Cricketers: Hayley Matthews: Hayley Matthews is a cricketer from Barbados who plays for the West Indies women’s cricket team and became the team’s captain in 2022. Matthews is an all-rounder who has more than 4,000 runs in women’s ODIs and T20Is, as well as more than…

32 Notable Women Cricketers: Hayley Matthews: Hayley Matthews is a cricketer from Barbados who plays for the West Indies women’s cricket team and became the team’s captain in 2022. Matthews is an all-rounder who has more than 4,000 runs in women’s ODIs and T20Is, as well as more than…

Brander Matthews was an essayist, drama critic, novelist, and the first U.S. professor of dramatic literature. Educated at Columbia University, Matthews was admitted to the bar but never practiced, turning instead to writing and the study of literature. He was professor of literature at Columbia,

The Dick Van Dyke Show: …Moore) and son Ritchie (Larry Matthews)—provided reliable vehicles for comedy. The Petries resided in New Rochelle, New York, and their neighbours, the Helpers, regularly figured into the show.

Leigh Matthews is an Australian rules football player who was one of the sport’s most formidable figures and was voted the Player of the Century in a 1999 Herald-Sun poll in Australia. A tenacious forward, “Lethal” Leigh Matthews was legendary for his robust play and extraordinary skills. He played

Betty Cuthbert: A Humble Champion: …the shadow of her teammate Marlene Matthews. Although her times were far short of those of Matthews, Cuthbert still qualified for the Melbourne Games. Even so, uncertain that she would place, she bought tickets to attend as a spectator.

Mother Bernardina Matthews was an American religious leader, the founder of the first monastery of a Roman Catholic order in the United States. Matthews grew up in a deeply religious home in a time when Roman Catholics laboured under legal disabilities and other discriminations in Maryland. In 1754

Stanley Matthews was a football (soccer) player, an outside right forward considered by many to be one of the greatest dribblers in the history of the sport. In 1965 he became the first British footballer to be knighted. The son of a professional boxer, Matthews began his professional career with

Stanley Matthews was an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court (1881–89). After studying law in Cincinnati, Matthews was admitted to the bar in 1842 and began to practice law in Columbia, Tennessee, while also editing a weekly paper, the Tennessee Democrat. After his return to

Stanley Matthews was a football (soccer) player, an outside right forward considered by many to be one of the greatest dribblers in the history of the sport. In 1965 he became the first British footballer to be knighted. The son of a professional boxer, Matthews began his professional career with

baseball: Segregation: …attempt to bring African American William Clarence Matthews, Harvard University’s shortstop from 1902 to 1905, into the National League.

Ebla: …University of Rome led by Paolo Matthiae. In 1975 Matthiae’s team found Ebla’s archives, dating to the 3rd millennium bce. Discovered virtually intact in the order in which they had once been stored on their now-collapsed shelves were more than 17,000 clay cuneiform tablets and fragments, offering a rich source…

Matthias was the Holy Roman emperor from 1612, who, in a reversal of the policy of his father, Maximilian II, sponsored a Catholic revival in the Habsburg domains that, despite his moderating influence, eventually led to the outbreak of the Thirty Years’ War. The third son of the archduke

Matthias I was the king of Hungary (1458–90), who attempted to reconstruct the Hungarian state after decades of feudal anarchy, chiefly by means of financial, military, judiciary, and administrative reforms. His nickname, Corvinus, derived from the raven (Latin corvus) on his escutcheon. Matthias

St. Matthias ; Western feast day February 24, Eastern feast day August 9) was, in the New Testament, among the 12 Apostles, the disciple who, according to Acts of the Apostles 1:21–26, was chosen to replace Judas Iscariot after Judas betrayed Jesus. Jesus’ choice of 12 Apostles points to a

photoreception: Lens eyes: …curvature is known as the Matthiessen ratio (named for its discoverer, German physicist and zoologist Ludwig Matthiessen) and is used to determine the optical quality of lenses.

Francis Otto Matthiessen was a U.S. educator and critic who examined the lasting value of American classics as products of a certain author, society, and era. Matthiessen received his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1927, and, attracted by the school’s commitment to correlating literature and

photoreception: Lens eyes: …discoverer, German physicist and zoologist Ludwig Matthiessen) and is used to determine the optical quality of lenses.

Peter Matthiessen was an American novelist, naturalist, and wilderness writer whose work dealt with the destructive effects of encroaching technology on preindustrial cultures and the natural environment. Both his fiction and nonfiction works combined remote settings, lyrical description, and

stock, (genus Matthiola), genus of about 50 species of plants in the mustard family (Brassicaceae), native to Eurasia and southern Africa. Many stock species are well known for the spicy fragrance of their flowers, and some are grown as ornamentals and for cut flowers. Gillyflowers, or common stock

stock: Gillyflowers, or common stock (Matthiola incana), are biennials native to southwestern Europe and western Asia. It is one of the most important species used by the floral and horticultural industries. The plants feature narrowly oval deep green leaves and produce 60- to 80-cm (25- to 30-inch) spikes…

stock: Evening, or night-scented, stock (M. longipetala) is a low and much-branched annual from southeastern Europe. It produces pink to purple intensely fragrant flowers that open only at night.

the man in the iron mask: …have proven tenable: those for Ercole Matthioli and for Eustache Dauger.

Friedrich von Matthisson was a German poet whose verses were praised for their melancholy sweetness and pastoral descriptive passages. After studying philology at the University of Halle, Matthisson was appointed (1781) master at the once-famous Philanthropin, a seminary in Dessau, and then

Zoe: Founded in 1907 by Eusebius Matthopoulos, Zoe (Greek: “Life”) brought together groups of more than 100 unmarried and highly disciplined members, bound by the monastic vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience; approximately half of the brothers were ordained priests, and the rest were laymen. With the exception of one…

Walter Matthau was an American actor who was known for his rumpled face, nasal bray, and razor-sharp comic timing. Born into a poor family of Jewish Russian immigrants, he was compelled to work at a very early age. As a young teen, he was employed at the concession stand in a Lower East Side

Manny Pacquiao: …title in a victory over Lucas Matthysse on July 15, 2018. On July 20, 2019, he won a split decision over the previously undefeated Keith Thurman to take the WBA super welterweight belt and become, at 40 years old, the oldest welterweight champion in boxing history. However, due to inactivity,…

United Arab Emirates: Drainage: In the far west the Maṭṭī Salt Flat extends southward into Saudi Arabia, and coastal sabkhahs, which are occasionally inundated by the waters of the Persian Gulf, lie in the areas around Abu Dhabi.

Duke and Peacock Records: In 1952 Robey and James Mattias of Duke Records (founded in Memphis, Tennessee, earlier in the year) formed a partnership. A year later Robey became the outright owner of Duke and centralized its operation in Houston.

Western sculpture: Central Europe: …styles of Giovanni Giuliani and Lorenzo Mattielli were supplanted by the cool elegance and classical refinement of Georg Raphael Donner. His preference for the soft sheen of lead gave Austrian Baroque sculpture one of its most distinctive features.

basketry: Matting or plaited construction: Standards and threads are indistinguishable in matting or plaited construction; they are either parallel and perpendicular to the edge (straight basketry) or oblique (diagonal basketry). Such basketry is closest to textile weaving. The materials used are almost always woven, using the…

historiography: The presentation of history: However, Garrett Mattingly (1900–62), generally regarded as the master of historical narrative among American historians, enlivened his work with speeches he wrote and attributed to historical characters—without always identifying them as invented. Other historians are now following his example. The results have not always been happy,…

How Many People Have Been to the Moon?: Apollo 16: Thomas K. Mattingly, who was originally intended to fly on Apollo 13 but had been removed because of exposure to measles, manned the Command Module and became the 22nd person to reach the Moon.

How Many People Have Been to the Moon?: Apollo 16: Thomas K. Mattingly, who was originally intended to fly on Apollo 13 but had been removed because of exposure to measles, manned the Command Module and became the 22nd person to reach the Moon.

James Mattis is a U.S. Marine Corps general who served as head of Central Command (Centcom; 2010–13) and who was later secretary of defense (2017–18) in the cabinet of U.S. Pres. Donald Trump. Mattis enlisted in the Marine Corps in 1969 and attended Central Washington University as part of the

Suppiluliumas I: In addition, Suppiluliumas concluded with Mattiwaza, son of the murdered Mitannian king Tushratta, a treaty of mutual assistance. A Mitannian buffer state was set up to shield the Hittite dominions in Syria from the growing Assyrian menace.

durain, macroscopically distinguishable component, or lithotype, of coal characterized by a hard, granular texture and composed of the maceral groups exinite and inertinite as well as relatively large amounts of inorganic minerals. Durain occurs as thick, lenticular bands, usually dull black to

Mato Grosso Plateau, part of the Brazilian Highlands of inland Brazil. It is an ancient erosional plateau that occupies much of central Mato Grosso estado (state) and extends from the border of Goiás state westward to the Parecis Mountains, which lie near the Bolivian border. In the south it gives

mattock, digging implement, one of the oldest tools of agriculture. See

Mattoon, city, Coles county, east-central Illinois, U.S. Mattoon lies near the Little Wabash River (impounded to form Lake Mattoon), about 45 miles (70 km) south of Champaign. Originally called Pegtown (for the stakes that marked lots for public auction), it was founded in 1854 at the junction of

Gregório de Matos Guerra was a poet who was the most colourful figure in early Brazilian literature. He was called the Brazilian Villon. Born into the slave-owning gentry, Matos studied law at Coimbra, Port., and advanced to a high position in Lisbon until he fell into disfavour for using his

Ingrid Mattson is a Canadian religious leader and the first woman president of the Islamic Society of North America (ISNA). Mattson was raised as a Roman Catholic but left the church as a teenager. She developed an interest in Islam as a young adult and converted at age 23. She studied philosophy

Pongal: Mattu Pongal: The third day of Pongal honors and worships cattle (Tamil: mattu) for their important role in farming. Cows are honored for their contribution to a good harvest. They are bathed, decorated, and worshipped on this day. Their horns are painted, and they are…

Matura diamond, colourless variety of the gemstone zircon

life: Autopoietic: …put forth by Chilean biologists Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela and emphasizes the peculiar closure of living systems, which are alive and maintain themselves metabolically whether they succeed in reproduction or not. Unlike machines, whose governing functions are embedded by human designers, organisms are self-governing. The autopoietic definition of life…

beer: Maturation and packaging: A slow secondary fermentation of residual or added sugar (called primings) or, in lager brewing, the addition of actively fermenting wort (called krausen) generates carbon dioxide, which is vented and purges the green beer of undesirable volatile compounds. Continued yeast activity also…

animal learning: Possible explanations of behavioral changes: …behaviour can be attributed to maturation. We are inclined to ascribe the unfolding pattern of behaviour that emerges over the first few weeks of life to this ill-defined process. Newborn rat pups, for example, are relatively helpless; their eyes do not open for about two weeks, and their main sources…

teratoma: Epidemiology and pathology: …those that are classified as mature (benign) tend to develop during adolescence and in the reproductive years, whereas those that are classified as immature (cancerous) tend to occur more frequently in children.

Kiss of Death: Nick Bianco (played by Victor Mature) decides to testify against his former mob cronies in order to win release from prison and be reunited with his family. The caveat is that he must reintegrate himself into the mob and risk his life to bring the top criminals to justice.…

Abū Manṣūr Muḥammad al-Māturīdī was the eponymous figurehead of the Māturīdiyyah school of theology that arose in Transoxania, which came to be one of the most important foundations of Islamic doctrine. Except for the place and time of Māturīdī’s death, almost nothing is known about the details of

Māturīdiyyah, Muslim orthodox school of theology named after its founder Abū Manṣūr Muḥammad al-Māturīdī (died 944). The Māturīdiyyah is similar in basic outlook to another orthodox school, that of al-Ashʿarī (died 935), the Ashʿariyyah, that has received more attention and praise as the champion

Maturín, city, capital of Monagas estado (state), northeastern Venezuela. It is located on the Río Guarapiche between the easternmost outliers of the Andean highlands and the Orinoco delta. Maturín is named after a Native American chief who was killed in a battle in 1718 against the Spanish

Charles Robert Maturin was an Irish clergyman, dramatist, and author of Gothic romances. He has been called “the last of the Goths,” as his best known work, Melmoth the Wanderer (1820), is considered the last of the classic English Gothic romances. Educated at Trinity College, Maturin was ordained

sedimentary rock: Texture: Mature sandstones are clay-free, and the sand grains are subangular, but they are well sorted—that is, of nearly uniform particle size. Typically, these sandstones form in environments of current reversal and continual washing, such as beaches. Supermature sandstones are those that are clay-free and well…

Maturity, also called the maturity date, is the date on which a debt instrument is agreed to be repaid. In the bond market, maturity is the date on which the bond issuer pays back everything they owe to bondholders. This includes the initial investment made by the bondholder, also known as the face

animal learning: Possible explanations of behavioral changes: …behaviour can be attributed to maturation. We are inclined to ascribe the unfolding pattern of behaviour that emerges over the first few weeks of life to this ill-defined process. Newborn rat pups, for example, are relatively helpless; their eyes do not open for about two weeks, and their main sources…

Maturity, also called the maturity date, is the date on which a debt instrument is agreed to be repaid. In the bond market, maturity is the date on which the bond issuer pays back everything they owe to bondholders. This includes the initial investment made by the bondholder, also known as the face

apophenia: Forms of apophenia: Gambler’s fallacy is the erroneous belief that an event that has already happened is less likely to happen again; an example is believing that if a coin has landed on heads several times in a row, it is more likely to land on tails in…

diabetes mellitus: Type 2 diabetes mellitus: Type 2 diabetes is far more common than type 1 diabetes, accounting for about 90 percent of all cases. The frequency of type 2 diabetes varies greatly within and between countries and is increasing throughout the world. Most patients with type…

Ana María Matute was a Spanish novelist known for her sympathetic treatment of the lives of children and adolescents, their feelings of betrayal and isolation, and their rites of passage. She often interjected such elements as myth, fairy tale, the supernatural, and fantasy into her works. Matute’s

Artamon Sergeyevich Matveyev was a Russian diplomat and statesman who was a friend and influential adviser of Tsar Alexis of Russia (ruled 1645–76) and did much to introduce western European culture into Russia. Son of an obscure government clerk, Matveyev rose through the ranks to become chief of

Artamon Sergeyevich Matveyev was a Russian diplomat and statesman who was a friend and influential adviser of Tsar Alexis of Russia (ruled 1645–76) and did much to introduce western European culture into Russia. Son of an obscure government clerk, Matveyev rose through the ranks to become chief of

2022 Nobel Peace Prize winners: The Center for Civil Liberties: …Civil Liberties is led by Oleksandra Matviychuk, who received the Democracy Defender Award from the OSCE in 2016.

Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén: …of the county is the Matyó area, centred on Mezőkövesd, where quaint ornate local costumes survive. On the Mohi lowlands, to the south of the Bükk Mountains, King Béla IV’s Magyar army was routed by the Mongol invaders in 1241. Area 2,798 square miles (7,247 square km). Pop. (2011) 686,266;…

Mikhail Vasilyevich Matyushin was a Russian painter, composer, and theoretician who was a leading member of the Russian avant-garde. Matyushin attended the Moscow Conservatory from 1878 to 1881 and was already a professional musician—first violinist of the St. Petersburg Court Orchestra

matzo, unleavened bread eaten by Jews during the holiday of Passover (Pesaḥ) in commemoration of their Exodus from Egypt. The rapid departure from Egypt did not allow for the fermentation of dough, and thus the use of leavening of any kind is proscribed throughout the week-long holiday. The

Gresham M. Sykes: …collaborated with the American sociologist David Matza on studies of delinquency. In the first of two coauthored articles on the subject, “Techniques of Neutralization: A Theory of Delinquency” (1957), Matza and Sykes proposed a “drift theory” (also known as neutralization theory), according to which delinquents use a series of justifications…

matzo, unleavened bread eaten by Jews during the holiday of Passover (Pesaḥ) in commemoration of their Exodus from Egypt. The rapid departure from Egypt did not allow for the fermentation of dough, and thus the use of leavening of any kind is proscribed throughout the week-long holiday. The

matzo, unleavened bread eaten by Jews during the holiday of Passover (Pesaḥ) in commemoration of their Exodus from Egypt. The rapid departure from Egypt did not allow for the fermentation of dough, and thus the use of leavening of any kind is proscribed throughout the week-long holiday. The

matzo, unleavened bread eaten by Jews during the holiday of Passover (Pesaḥ) in commemoration of their Exodus from Egypt. The rapid departure from Egypt did not allow for the fermentation of dough, and thus the use of leavening of any kind is proscribed throughout the week-long holiday. The

Jan Ernst Matzeliger was an inventor best known for his shoe-lasting machine that mechanically shaped the upper portions of shoes. Son of a Dutch father and a black Surinamese mother, Matzeliger began work as a sailor on a merchant ship at the age of 19 and after about six years settled in Lynn,

matzeva, a stone pillar erected on elevated ground beside a sacrificial altar. It was considered sacred to the god it symbolized and had a wooden pole (ashera) nearby to signify a goddess. After conquering the Canaanites, early Israelites used these symbols as their own until their use was outlawed

matzeva, a stone pillar erected on elevated ground beside a sacrificial altar. It was considered sacred to the god it symbolized and had a wooden pole (ashera) nearby to signify a goddess. After conquering the Canaanites, early Israelites used these symbols as their own until their use was outlawed

matzo, unleavened bread eaten by Jews during the holiday of Passover (Pesaḥ) in commemoration of their Exodus from Egypt. The rapid departure from Egypt did not allow for the fermentation of dough, and thus the use of leavening of any kind is proscribed throughout the week-long holiday. The

William Dieterle: Later films: …he directed two films starring Lizabeth Scott: Paid in Full, a highly contrived soap opera, and Dark City, a good if unsurprising noir that cast Charlton Heston in his first major Hollywood role. That year also saw the release of the popular September Affair, which featured an unabashedly soapy romance…