• Leonova, Darya (Russian singer)

    Modest Mussorgsky: Life and career: …accompanist of an aging singer, Darya Leonova, Mussorgsky departed on a lengthy concert tour of southern Russia and the Crimean Peninsula. On his return he tried teaching at a small school of music in St. Petersburg.

  • Leonowens, Anna Harriette (British writer)

    Anna Harriette Leonowens was a British writer and governess employed by King Mongkut (Rama IV) of Siam for the instruction of his children, including his son and successor, Prince Chulalongkorn. Edwards spent her childhood in India. She married Thomas Leon Owens, a clerk, in 1849; the two surnames

  • Leontes (river, Lebanon)

    Litani River, chief river of Lebanon, rising in a low divide west of Baalbek and flowing southwestward through the Bekaa valley between the Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon mountains. In the 21st century it has been an important boundary in the international relations between Lebanon and Israel, especially

  • Leontes (fictional character)

    The Winter’s Tale: The play opens with Leontes, the king of Sicilia, entertaining his old friend Polixenes, the king of Bohemia. Leontes jealously mistakes the courtesy between his wife, Hermione, and Polixenes as a sign of Hermione’s adultery with him. In a fit of jealousy, he attempts to have Polixenes killed, but…

  • Leontideus rosalia (primate)

    golden lion marmoset, (Leontopithecus rosalia), species of tamarin having a lionlike thick mane, a black face, and long, silky, golden fur. A striking-looking animal, it is found only in fragmented forest habitats in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro, where it is listed as

  • Leontief Paradox (political economics)

    Wassily Leontief: …also is known for the “Leontief Paradox.” Economists had previously held that a country’s exports reflect the commodity most abundant in that country—i.e., labour or capital. However, as Leontief pointed out, though the United States has more capital than most other nations, the majority of its exports were of labour-intensive…

  • Leontief, Wassily (American economist)

    Wassily Leontief was a Russian-born American economist who has been called the father of input-output analysis in econometrics. He won the Nobel Prize for Economics in 1973. Leontief was a student at the University of Leningrad (1921–25) and the University of Berlin (1925–28). He immigrated to the

  • Leontiev, Konstantin Nikolayevich (Russian author)

    Konstantin Nikolayevich Leontyev was a Russian essayist who questioned the benefits derived by Russia from following contemporary industrial and egalitarian developments in Europe. A military surgeon in the Crimean War, Leontyev later entered the Russian consular service, where he held posts in

  • Leontini (ancient town, Sicily)

    Leontini, ancient Greek town of southeastern Sicily, 22 miles northwest of Syracuse. Originally held by the Sicels (Siculi), its command of the fertile plain on the north made it an attractive site to the Chalcidians from Naxos, who colonized it in 729 bc. Early in the 5th century Hippocrates of

  • Leontius Of Byzantium (Byzantine monk and theologian)

    Leontius Of Byzantium was a Byzantine monk and theologian who provided a breakthrough of terminology in the 6th-century Christological controversy over the mode of union of Christ’s human nature with his divinity. He did so through his introduction of Aristotelian logical categories and Neoplatonic

  • Leontocephalos (mythology)

    dualism: Cosmological and cosmogonic functions: …where the monstrous figure of Leontocephalos (a human figure with a lion’s head, belted by a snake with astral signs) represents the power of astral Destiny-Time to be transcended by the soul—a power that is a basic presupposition of astrology and magic. On the other hand, the heaven-earth opposition cannot…

  • Leontopithecus (primate)

    marmoset: Lion tamarins (genus Leontopithecus) are named for their thick manes, and all four species are classified as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. The black-faced lion tamarin (L. caissara), which was first discovered in 1990, is classified as a…

  • Leontopithecus caissara (primate)

    marmoset: The black-faced lion tamarin (L. caissara), which was first discovered in 1990, is classified as a critically endangered species. Lion tamarins are larger than “true” marmosets and have long slender hands and fingers, which they use to hook insects from crevices. The golden lion marmoset (or…

  • Leontopithecus rosalia (primate)

    golden lion marmoset, (Leontopithecus rosalia), species of tamarin having a lionlike thick mane, a black face, and long, silky, golden fur. A striking-looking animal, it is found only in fragmented forest habitats in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro, where it is listed as

  • Leontopodium alpinum (plant)

    edelweiss, (Leontopodium alpinum), perennial plant of the family Asteraceae, native to alpine areas of Europe and South America. It has 2 to 10 yellow flower heads in a dense cluster, and, below these flower heads, 6 to 9 lance-shaped, woolly, white leaves are arranged in the form of a star. An

  • Leontovych, Mykola (Ukrainian musician)

    Ukraine: Music of Ukraine: …Kyrylo Stetsenko, Yakiv Stepovy, and Mykola Leontovych, the latter excelling in polyphonic arrangements of ancient folk music.

  • Leontyev, Konstantin Nikolayevich (Russian author)

    Konstantin Nikolayevich Leontyev was a Russian essayist who questioned the benefits derived by Russia from following contemporary industrial and egalitarian developments in Europe. A military surgeon in the Crimean War, Leontyev later entered the Russian consular service, where he held posts in

  • leopard (coin)

    coin: Gold coinage: … issued his fine gold series—florin, leopard, and helm ( 1 2 and 1 4 florin)—but his attempt to introduce a gold currency failed. A gold coinage was finally established in currency in 1351 with a noble of 120 grains of gold and its subdivisions, the half- and quarter-noble. In the…

  • leopard (mammal)

    leopard, (Panthera pardus), large cat closely related to the lion, tiger, and jaguar. The name leopard was originally given to the cat now called cheetah—the so-called hunting leopard—which was once thought to be a cross between the lion and the pard. The term pard was eventually replaced by the

  • Leopard 2 (German tank)

    Russia-Ukraine War: Ukraine’s Western arsenal grows and Putin faces war crimes charges: …dispatch more than a dozen Leopard 2 tanks to Ukraine. Perhaps more significantly, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz approved the transfer of Leopards to Ukraine from other European countries (as the manufacturer of the tank, Germany held veto power over its reexport). A flurry of countries responded by pledging Leopards to…

  • leopard cat (mammal)

    leopard cat, (Prionailurus bengalensis), forest-dwelling cat, of the family Felidae, found across India, Southeast Asia, and nearby islands. The leopard cat is noted for its leopard-like colouring. The species is generally divided into one mainland subspecies, P. bengalensis bengalensis, and

  • leopard catshark (fish, Triakis semifasciata)

    leopard shark, (Triakis semifasciata), small shark of the family Triakidae found in shallow water along the Pacific coast of the United States and in the waters on both sides of Mexico’s Baja Peninsula. A slim narrow-headed shark with small three-cusped teeth, it grows about 1.2 to 1.9 metres (3.9

  • leopard corydoras (fish)

    corydoras: …band on each side; the leopard corydoras (C. julii), a silvery catfish patterned in black with stripes, short lines, and numerous small spots; and the peppered corydoras (C. paleatus), a pale, yellowish brown fish marked with dark spots and streaks.

  • leopard frog (amphibian)

    leopard frog, group of North American frogs (family Ranidae) occurring throughout North America (except in the coastal band from California to British Columbia) from northern Canada southward into Mexico. At one time the leopard frog was considered a single species, Rana pipiens, but, during its

  • leopard lily (plant)

    blackberry lily, (Iris domestica), perennial flowering plant of the iris family (Iridaceae), a popular garden flower. It is native to East Asia and is naturalized in some parts of North America. Despite its name, the plant is not a true lily; it was formerly known as Belamcanda chinensis. The

  • leopard lizard (reptile)

    leopard lizard, any of three species of Gambelia in the lizard family Crotaphytidae. The long-nosed leopard lizard (G. wislizenii) is large and spotted; it inhabits arid and semi-arid areas in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. The blunt-nosed leopard lizard (G. sila) occurs only

  • leopard moth (insect)

    leopard moth, (Zeuzera pyrina), widely distributed moth known particularly for its destructive larva that damage fruit trees and other plants. They are an important food for woodpeckers and certain other birds. The adult moth has a fluffy white body and pale wings that span about 4–6 cm (1.6–2.4

  • leopard seal (mammal)

    leopard seal, (Hydrurga leptonyx), generally solitary, earless seal (family Phocidae) that inhabits Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions. The only seal that feeds on penguins, young seals, and other warm-blooded prey, the leopard seal is a slender animal with a relatively long head and long,

  • leopard shark (fish)

    zebra shark, (Stegostoma fasciatum), species of carpet shark classified in the family Stegostomatidae (of which it is the sole member) and the order Orectolobiformes. It inhabits coral reef ecosystems in the Indian and western Pacific oceans, specifically those that occur adjacent to islands on or

  • leopard shark (fish, Triakis semifasciata)

    leopard shark, (Triakis semifasciata), small shark of the family Triakidae found in shallow water along the Pacific coast of the United States and in the waters on both sides of Mexico’s Baja Peninsula. A slim narrow-headed shark with small three-cusped teeth, it grows about 1.2 to 1.9 metres (3.9

  • Leopard society (African secret society)

    Calabar: …of Old Calabar by the Ekpe secret society, which was controlled by the towns’ merchant houses.

  • leopard society (African religion)

    myth: Relationships of transformation: …phenomenon is the existence of leopard societies in Africa. In these a practitioner is believed to be able to transform himself into an animal frequently considered to be his incarnate “second self.”

  • leopard’s bane (plant)

    leopard’s bane, any plant of the genus Doronicum of the family Asteraceae, consisting of about 40 species of perennial herbs native to Eurasia. They have large flower heads with yellow disk flowers and one row of yellow ray flowers. Some leaves are clustered at the base and others alternate along

  • Leopard’s Spots, The (novel by Dixon)

    Thomas Dixon: His first novel, The Leopard’s Spots (1902), forms a trilogy about the South during Reconstruction with The Clansman and The Traitor (1907). He wrote other novels and some plays, and as late as 1939 he wrote yet another fictional account of black–white relations in the United States, The…

  • Leopard, The (novel by Tomasi di Lampedusa)

    The Leopard, novel by Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa, published in 1958 as Il gattopardo. The novel is a psychological study of Don Fabrizio, prince of Salina (called the Leopard, after his family crest), who witnesses with detachment the transfer of power in Sicily from the old Bourbon aristocracy

  • Leopard, The (novel by Nesbø)

    Jo Nesbø: Harry Hole books: Panserhjerte (2009; “Armored Heart”; The Leopard) has Hole tracked down in Hong Kong and persuaded to reengage in police work. Gjenferd (2011; “Ghost”; Phantom) treats the drug scene in Oslo and examines Hole’s experience of fatherhood, and Politi (2013; Police) continues the story begun in Phantom. In Tørst (2017;…

  • Leopardi, Alessandro (Venetian metal founder, goldsmith, and architect)

    Alessandro Leopardi was a metal founder, goldsmith, and architect best known for designing the base and completing the casting (from Andrea del Verrocchio’s model) of the bronze equestrian statue of the condottiere Bartolomeo Colleoni in Venice. He also is known to have worked as an architect and

  • Leopardi, Giacomo (Italian poet and philosopher)

    Giacomo Leopardi was an Italian poet, scholar, and philosopher whose outstanding scholarly and philosophical works and superb lyric poetry place him among the great writers of the 19th century. A precocious, congenitally deformed child of noble but apparently insensitive parents, Giacomo quickly

  • Leopardus geoffroyi (mammal)

    Geoffroy’s cat, (Oncifelis geoffroyi), South American cat of the family Felidae, found in mountainous regions, especially in Argentina. It is gray or brown with black markings and grows to a length of about 90 cm (36 inches), including a tail of about 40 cm (16 inches). Geoffroy’s cat climbs well

  • Leopardus pajeros (mammal)

    pampas cat, (Felis colocolo), small cat, family Felidae, native to South America. It is about 60 cm (24 inches) long, including the 30-centimetre tail. The coat is long-haired and grayish with brown markings which in some individuals may be indistinct. Little is known about the habits of the pampas

  • Leopardus pardalis (mammal)

    ocelot, (Felis, or Leopardus, pardalis), spotted cat of the New World, found in lowland areas from Texas southward to northern Argentina. The short, smooth fur is patterned with elongated, black-edged spots that are arranged in chainlike bands. The cat’s upper parts vary in colour from light or

  • Leopardus wiedii (mammal)

    margay, (Leopardus wiedii), small cat (family Felidae) that ranges from South through Central America and, rarely, into the extreme southern United States. Little is known about the habits of the margay. It lives in forests and presumably is nocturnal, feeding on small prey such as birds, frogs,

  • Leopold and Loeb (American murderers)

    Nathan Freudenthal Leopold, Jr., and Richard Albert Loeb were infamous Chicago murderers of 1924, who confessed to the kidnapping and murder of 14-year-old Robert (Bobby) Franks for an “intellectual” thrill. Pleading guilty, the men were defended in a bench trial by famed lawyer Clarence Darrow,

  • Leopold Anton Johann Sigismund Joseph Korsinus Ferdinand, Count von Berchtold (Austro-Hungarian foreign minister)

    Leopold, Graf von Berchtold was an Austro-Hungarian foreign minister whose ultimatum to Serbia (July 23, 1914) was followed (August 1) by the outbreak of World War I. A wealthy landowner in Hungary and Moravia, Berchtold, through marriage, became one of the richest men in Austria-Hungary. He

  • Leopold Filips Karel Albert Meinrad Hubertus Maria Miguel (king of Belgium)

    Leopold III was the king of the Belgians, whose actions as commander in chief of the Belgian army during the German conquest of Belgium (1940) in World War II aroused opposition to his rule, eventually leading to his abdication in 1951. The son of Albert I and his consort Elisabeth of Bavaria,

  • Leopold George Christiaan Frederik (king of Belgium)

    Leopold I was the first king of the Belgians (1831–65), who helped strengthen the nation’s new parliamentary system and, as a leading figure in European diplomacy, scrupulously maintained Belgian neutrality. The fourth son of Francis, duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Leopold served with the allies

  • Leopold I (margrave of Austria)

    House of Babenberg: Leopold I of Babenberg became margrave of Austria in 976. The Babenbergs’ power was modest, however, until the 12th century, when they came to dominate the Austrian nobility. With the death of Duke Frederick II in 1246, the male line of the Babenbergs ended, and…

  • Leopold I (duke of Austria)

    Austria: Accession of the Habsburgs: …Frederick I (the Fair) and Leopold I, managed to maintain control. Frederick stood for election as German king (as Frederick III), and for the next several years the Habsburg countries had to support the cost of the war with his rival, Louis IV of Bavaria, until 1322, when Frederick was…

  • Leopold I (prince of Anhalt-Dessau)

    Leopold I was a prince of Anhalt-Dessau, Prussian field marshal and reformer and inventor of the iron ramrod; he founded the old Prussian military system that, generally unchanged until 1806, enabled Frederick II the Great to propel Prussia to the position of a European power. Beginning his

  • Leopold I (Holy Roman emperor)

    Leopold I was the Holy Roman emperor during whose lengthy reign (1658–1705) Austria emerged from a series of struggles with the Turks and the French to become a great European power, in which monarchical absolutism and administrative centralism gained ascendancy. Leopold, the second son of

  • Leopold I (king of Belgium)

    Leopold I was the first king of the Belgians (1831–65), who helped strengthen the nation’s new parliamentary system and, as a leading figure in European diplomacy, scrupulously maintained Belgian neutrality. The fourth son of Francis, duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Leopold served with the allies

  • Leopold II (king of Belgium)

    Leopold II was the king of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909. Keen on establishing Belgium as an imperial power, he led the first European efforts to develop the Congo River basin, making possible the formation in 1885 of the Congo Free State, annexed in 1908 as the Belgian Congo and now the

  • Leopold II (Holy Roman emperor)

    Leopold II was the Holy Roman emperor from 1790 to 1792, one of the most capable of the 18th-century reformist rulers known as the “enlightened despots.” The third son of the Habsburg Maria Theresa and the emperor Francis I, Leopold succeeded his father as duke of Tuscany when his eldest brother

  • Leopold II (Babenberg margrave)

    Austria: Early Babenberg period: …influenced the next Babenberg margrave, Leopold II, to abandon Henry’s cause. As a result, Henry roused the Bohemian duke Vratislav II against him, and in 1082 Leopold II was defeated near Mailberg, his territories north of the Danube devastated. The Babenbergs, however, managed to survive these setbacks. Meanwhile, the cause…

  • Leopold II (grand duke of Tuscany)

    Leopold II was the last reigning grand duke of Tuscany (ruled 1824–59). Succeeding his father, Ferdinand III, on June 18, 1824, Leopold continued liberal administrative, judicial, and educational reforms and improved the transportation system. After the election (1846) of the popular and democratic

  • Léopold II, Lac (lake, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

    Lake Mai-Ndombe, lake in western Congo (Kinshasa), east of the Congo River and south-southeast of Lake Tumba. It covers approximately 890 square miles (2,300 square km) and is about 80 miles (130 km) long and up to 25 miles (40 km) wide. It empties south through the Fimi River into the Kasai.

  • Leopold II, Lake (lake, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

    Lake Mai-Ndombe, lake in western Congo (Kinshasa), east of the Congo River and south-southeast of Lake Tumba. It covers approximately 890 square miles (2,300 square km) and is about 80 miles (130 km) long and up to 25 miles (40 km) wide. It empties south through the Fimi River into the Kasai.

  • Leopold III (duke of Austria)

    house of Habsburg: Austria and the rise of the Habsburgs in Germany: …the brothers Albert III and Leopold III of Austria agreed on a partition (Treaty of Neuberg, 1379): Albert took Austria, and Leopold took Styria, Carinthia, and Tirol.

  • Leopold III (king of Belgium)

    Leopold III was the king of the Belgians, whose actions as commander in chief of the Belgian army during the German conquest of Belgium (1940) in World War II aroused opposition to his rule, eventually leading to his abdication in 1951. The son of Albert I and his consort Elisabeth of Bavaria,

  • Leopold III (ruler of Babenberg)

    Austria: Early Babenberg period: Under Leopold III (1095–1136) the history of the Babenbergs reached its first culmination point. In the struggle between emperor and pope, Leopold avoided taking sides until a consensus had built up among the German princes that it was Emperor Henry IV who stood in the way…

  • Leopold IV (duke of Austria)

    Austria: Early Babenberg period: …Welfs, on his half brother, Leopold IV. After the latter’s untimely death, Henry II Jasomirgott succeeded to the rule of Austria and Bavaria.

  • Leopold Lodewijk Filips Maria Victor (king of Belgium)

    Leopold II was the king of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909. Keen on establishing Belgium as an imperial power, he led the first European efforts to develop the Congo River basin, making possible the formation in 1885 of the Congo Free State, annexed in 1908 as the Belgian Congo and now the

  • Leopold of Anhalt-Dessau (prince of Anhalt-Dessau)

    Leopold I was a prince of Anhalt-Dessau, Prussian field marshal and reformer and inventor of the iron ramrod; he founded the old Prussian military system that, generally unchanged until 1806, enabled Frederick II the Great to propel Prussia to the position of a European power. Beginning his

  • Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Prince (Prussian prince)

    Prince Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was a Prussian candidate for the Spanish throne. He was a member of the Swabian line of the Hohenzollern dynasty and the brother of Carol I of Romania. Chancellor Otto von Bismarck and Spain’s de facto leader, Juan Prim (1814–70), persuaded the reluctant

  • Leopold of Köthen (German prince)

    Johann Sebastian Bach: The Weimar period: …as musical director to Prince Leopold of Köthen, which was confirmed in August 1717. Duke Wilhelm, however, refused to accept his resignation—partly, perhaps, because of Bach’s friendship with the duke’s nephews, with whom the duke was on the worst of terms. About September a contest between Bach and the famous…

  • Leopold V (duke of Austria)

    flag of Austria: …stripe, is attributed to Duke Leopold V in the late 12th century. Legend has it that King Henry VI granted him that shield because the duke’s tunic was drenched in blood, except for the white area beneath his belt, after the Battle of Ptolemais in 1191 in the Holy Land.…

  • Leopold VI (duke of Austria)

    Austria: Later Babenberg period: His brother Leopold VI, the most outstanding member of the family, then took over as sole ruler (1198–1230). This was a time of great prosperity for the Babenberg countries. In imperial politics Leopold VI again took sides with the Hohenstaufen, backing Philip of Swabia. In church matters…

  • Leopold’s Diploma (Transylvanian history)

    Diploma Leopoldinum, decree issued in October 1690 by Leopold I, Holy Roman emperor and king of Hungary (1658–1705), after the Ottoman Turks had been driven from central Hungary in 1686. The decree established the political status and the freedoms of Transylvania, notably the freedom of observance

  • Leopold, Aldo (American environmentalist)

    Aldo Leopold was an American environmentalist whose book A Sand County Almanac (1949) was read by millions and strongly influenced the budding environmental movement. (Read E.O. Wilson’s Britannica essay on mass extinction.) After attending Yale University, Leopold worked for the U.S. Forest

  • Leopold, Carl Gustaf af (Swedish poet)

    Carl Gustaf af Leopold was a Swedish court poet in the service of the enlightened monarch Gustav III. After study at Uppsala and Greifswald, Leopold began his career in 1792 with skillful articles and polemical essays propagating the rational ideas of the Enlightenment and parrying the criticism of

  • Leopold, Isaiah Edward (American actor)

    Ed Wynn was an American comedian and actor in vaudeville, theatre, and motion pictures and on radio and television. He was also a producer, author, and songwriter. Wynn made his professional debut with the Thurber-Nasher Repertoire Company in Norwich, Conn., in 1902 and acquired the nickname of the

  • Leopold, Jan Hendrik (Dutch poet)

    Jan Hendrik Leopold was a poet whose unique expression and masterly technique set him apart from other heirs to the Dutch literary renaissance of the 1880s. His poetry is often wistful and melancholy in mood, conveying a desolating solitude of spirit that was probably accentuated by his deafness;

  • Leopold, Nathan F., Jr. (American murderer)

    Leopold and Loeb: The murderers and their victim: Leopold attended the University of Michigan as an undergraduate at age 15, eventually transferring to the University of Chicago, where he graduated at 18. He then enrolled in the university’s law school. Loeb also attended the University of Michigan, and he graduated at 17, following…

  • Leopold, Nathan Freudenthal, Jr. (American murderer)

    Leopold and Loeb: The murderers and their victim: Leopold attended the University of Michigan as an undergraduate at age 15, eventually transferring to the University of Chicago, where he graduated at 18. He then enrolled in the university’s law school. Loeb also attended the University of Michigan, and he graduated at 17, following…

  • Leopold, Rand Aldo (American environmentalist)

    Aldo Leopold was an American environmentalist whose book A Sand County Almanac (1949) was read by millions and strongly influenced the budding environmental movement. (Read E.O. Wilson’s Britannica essay on mass extinction.) After attending Yale University, Leopold worked for the U.S. Forest

  • Léopold-Georges-Chrétien-Frédéric (king of Belgium)

    Leopold I was the first king of the Belgians (1831–65), who helped strengthen the nation’s new parliamentary system and, as a leading figure in European diplomacy, scrupulously maintained Belgian neutrality. The fourth son of Francis, duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Leopold served with the allies

  • Leopold-Louis-Philippe-Marie-Victor (king of Belgium)

    Leopold II was the king of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909. Keen on establishing Belgium as an imperial power, he led the first European efforts to develop the Congo River basin, making possible the formation in 1885 of the Congo Free State, annexed in 1908 as the Belgian Congo and now the

  • Léopold-Philippe-Charles-Albert-Meinrad-Hubertus-Marie-Miguel (king of Belgium)

    Leopold III was the king of the Belgians, whose actions as commander in chief of the Belgian army during the German conquest of Belgium (1940) in World War II aroused opposition to his rule, eventually leading to his abdication in 1951. The son of Albert I and his consort Elisabeth of Bavaria,

  • Leopoldinia pulchra (plant)

    palm: Ecology: …or river margins (Astrocaryum jauari, Leopoldinia pulchra) where competition is limited.

  • Leopoldovna, Anna (regent of Russia)

    Anna was the regent of Russia (November 1740–November 1741) for her son, the emperor Ivan VI. A niece of Empress Anna (reigned 1730–40), Anna Leopoldovna married a nephew of the Holy Roman emperor Charles VI in 1739 and gave birth to a son, Ivan (Aug. 2 [Aug. 13], 1740), who was named heir to the

  • Leopoldstadt (district, Vienna, Austria)

    Vienna: Layout and architecture: Leopoldstadt (district II) was the area allotted in 1622 to the Jews, who lived there until 1938. In this district is the famous 3,200-acre (1,295-hectare) Prater, formerly the hunting and riding preserve of the aristocracy but since 1766 a public park whose amenities include a…

  • Léopoldville (national capital, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

    Kinshasa, largest city and capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It lies about 320 miles (515 km) from the Atlantic Ocean on the south bank of the Congo River. One of the largest cities of sub-Saharan Africa, it is a special political unit equivalent to a Congolese region, with its own

  • leopon (mammal)

    lion: Classification and distribution: …leopard and a lioness, a leopon. The cat known as the mountain lion (see puma), however, is a New World member of the genus Puma.

  • Leosthenes (Greek mercenary)

    Lamian War: …commander was the Athenian mercenary Leosthenes, who seized Thermopylae and kept a Macedonian army under Antipater blockaded in the city of Lamía until the spring of 322, when the arrival of Macedonian reinforcements from Asia forced them to raise the siege. Antipater retreated to Macedonia to regroup, but Leosthenes had…

  • Léotard, Jules (French acrobat)

    circus: Acts of skill: …invented by the French acrobat Jules Léotard in 1859. That same year another Frenchman, Jean-François Gravelet (stage name “Blondin”), crossed Niagara Falls on a tightrope. These events excited public interest in the work of the aerial gymnast and acrobat. By the turn of the 20th century, acrobatic acts had grown…

  • Leotichiidae (insect family)

    heteropteran: Annotated classification: Family Leotichiidae Structure suggestive of Saldidae but distinguished by strong median ridge on pronotum; habits unlike Hebridae; one of the two known species (both from southeastern Asia) occurs in caves. Former Geocorisae Trichobothria either present on abdomen or absent from both abdomen and head; antennae longer…

  • Leotiomycetes (class of fungi)

    fungus: Annotated classification: Class Leotiomycetes Parasitic on plants, especially fruits; thin-walled, inoperculate asci, generally with amyloid apical rings; includes mildews; contains 5 orders. Order Cyttariales Parasitic on plants, causes gall formation, especially on beech trees; spherical, dimpled ascocarps that are yellow to orange

  • Leotychidas (king of Sparta)

    Leotychides was a Spartan king of the Eurypontid family and a successful military commander during the Greco-Persian wars. In 491 he acceded to the throne held by his cousin, Demaratus, after the coruler (Sparta having a dual kingship), Cleomenes I, had bribed the Delphic oracle to declare

  • Leotychides (king of Sparta)

    Leotychides was a Spartan king of the Eurypontid family and a successful military commander during the Greco-Persian wars. In 491 he acceded to the throne held by his cousin, Demaratus, after the coruler (Sparta having a dual kingship), Cleomenes I, had bribed the Delphic oracle to declare

  • Leovigild (king of the Visigoths)

    Leovigild was the last Arian ruler in Visigothic Spain, who did much to restore the extent and power of the Visigothic kingdom. Brother of King Athanagild (d. 567), Leovigild succeeded (568) to that part of the Visigothic kingdom that lay south of the Pyrenees. Another brother, Liuva, ruled in

  • LEP (French education)

    lycée: …the vocational upper-secondary school (LEP; lycée d’enseignement professionel), which offers a range of technical-vocational studies that give access to corresponding studies in higher education. Students entering the LEP choose courses of study leading to one of 30 or so technical baccalauréats.

  • LEP (device)

    colliding-beam storage ring: …particle accelerators such as the Large Electron-Positron (LEP) collider at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva and the Tevatron at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) in Batavia, Illinois.

  • Lepadidae (crustacean)

    barnacle: …(stalked) forms include the common goose barnacle (genus Lepas), found worldwide on driftwood. Acorn barnacles, also called rock barnacles, are sessile (not stalked); their symmetrical shells tend to be barrellike or broadly conical. This group includes Balanus, responsible for much of the fouling of ships and harbour structures. Wart barnacles,…

  • Lepadomorpha (crustacean)

    cirripede: Annotated classification: …and 4 extant (Heteralepadomorpha, Iblomorpha, Lepadomorpha, and Scalpellomorpha), the 3 best-known characterized below. Order Sessilia (operculate or sessile barnacles) Late Jurassic?, Cretaceous to present; capitulum relatively rigid; cemented directly to the substratum; supporting an operculum of 2 or 3 movable plates, or 2 to 3 pairs of movable plates; transient

  • Lepage, Robert (Canadian writer, director, designer, and actor)

    Robert Lepage is a Canadian writer, director, designer, and actor known for his highly original stage and film productions, which often drew together disparate cultural references and unconventional media. Lepage was raised in a working-class family in Quebec City. He graduated in 1978 from the

  • Lepanto (poem by Chesterton)

    G.K. Chesterton: …shown in the stirring “Lepanto” (1911). When it was not uproariously comic, his verse was frankly partisan and didactic. His essays developed his shrewd, paradoxical irreverence to its ultimate point of real seriousness. He is seen at his happiest in such essays as “On Running After One’s Hat” (1908)…

  • Lepanto, Battle of (1571)

    Battle of Lepanto, (October 7, 1571), naval engagement in the waters off southwestern Greece between the allied Christian forces of the Holy League and the Ottoman Turks during an Ottoman campaign to acquire the Venetian island of Cyprus. The battle marked the first significant victory for a

  • Lepas (crustacean genus)

    cirripede: Diversity and distribution: …plates, as in Pollicipes and Lepas, respectively. Goose barnacles are probably the most commonly observed pedunculate cirripedes.

  • Lepas anatifera (crustacean)

    cirripede: Importance to humans: …for he named the genus Lepas (“Shellfish”) and the local species L. anatifera and L. anserifera (“duck-bearing” and “goose-bearing,” respectively), and these pedunculate barnacles continue to be called goose barnacles.

  • Lepas anserifera (crustacean)

    cirripede: Importance to humans: anatifera and L. anserifera (“duck-bearing” and “goose-bearing,” respectively), and these pedunculate barnacles continue to be called goose barnacles.