Maya Deren: …her dance troupe, Deren met Alexander Hammid, a Czech filmmaker. Deren and Hammid married the next year, and in 1943 they codirected Meshes of the Afternoon. They shot the film in their own home, with Hammid serving as cinematographer and Deren playing the central character (Hammid appears in a smaller…

telecommunication: The Hamming code: Another simple example of an FEC code is known as the Hamming code. This code is able to protect a four-bit information signal from a single error on the channel by adding three redundant bits to the signal. Each sequence of seven bits…

Richard Wesley Hamming was an American mathematician. Hamming received a doctorate in mathematics from the University of Illinois. In 1945 he was the chief mathematician for the Manhattan Project. After World War II, he joined Claude E. Shannon at Bell Laboratories, where in 1950 he invented

Central American and northern Andean Indian: Traditional culture patterns: The hammock apparently originated in this area and was widespread; little other furniture was used. Houses varied considerably in size and shape, although virtually all had palm-thatched roofs and walls of thatch or adobe. A wide variety of baskets was made, usually by women; bark cloth…

Christina Koch is an American astronaut who became the first woman to travel around the Moon when she flew as a mission specialist on the Artemis II mission (April 1–10, 2026). She and the other crew members also set a record for the farthest distance traveled by humans in space: 406,771 km

Las Vegas Aces: …Stars acquired All-Star point guard Becky Hammon in a trade with the New York Liberty. Hammon led the team in scoring and assists over the next several seasons and helped spark a dramatic turnaround for San Antonio. In 2008 the Silver Stars posted a league-best 24–10 record and reached the…

Hammond, city, Lake county, northwestern Indiana, U.S. It is located in the Calumet industrial complex between Chicago and Gary, on the Grand Calumet River, near Lake Michigan. It was founded in 1869 when George Hammond, a pioneer in the shipping of refrigerated beef, established with Marcus Towle

Laurens Hammond: …1937, later (1953) becoming the Hammond Organ Company. Although he was not a musician, Hammond became fascinated early in 1933 with the sounds emanating from the phonograph turntables in his laboratory. He and his engineers began to explore the possibilities of producing conventional musical tones by electric synthesis. By the…

Ralph Hammond Innes was an English novelist and traveler known for adventure stories in which suspense and foreign locations are prominent features. Hammond Innes began his career in teaching and publishing. He worked for the newspaper Financial News from 1934 to 1940 and served in the British

Laurens Hammond: …1937, later (1953) becoming the Hammond Organ Company. Although he was not a musician, Hammond became fascinated early in 1933 with the sounds emanating from the phonograph turntables in his laboratory. He and his engineers began to explore the possibilities of producing conventional musical tones by electric synthesis. By the…

electronic organ: …the electronic organs is the Hammond organ, a sophisticated instrument having two manuals, or keyboards, and a set of pedals operated by the feet. It was patented by its American inventor Laurens Hammond in 1934. Unlike most other instruments of its type, it produces its sound through a complex set…

Laurens Hammond: …1937, later (1953) becoming the Hammond Organ Company. Although he was not a musician, Hammond became fascinated early in 1933 with the sounds emanating from the phonograph turntables in his laboratory. He and his engineers began to explore the possibilities of producing conventional musical tones by electric synthesis. By the…

the Strokes: Guitarist Albert Hammond, Jr. (b. April 9, 1980, Los Angeles, California)—the son of British singer-songwriter Albert Hammond—and bassist Nikolai Fraiture (b. November 13, 1978, New York City) joined shortly thereafter, solidifying the Strokes as a quintet in 1999.

Greenland: Increasing autonomy and the question of independence: …Greenland’s first female prime minister, Aleqa Hammond, whose government placed a moratorium on granting licenses for oil exploration and began requiring royalty payments from foreign concerns before they began mining. (Kleist’s government had planned to allow foreign firms to defer payments until some start-up costs could be recouped.) Hammond’s government…

Double Falsehood: …has been thoroughly reviewed by Brean Hammond, a professor of English literature at the University of Nottingham, in his edition of Double Falsehood for The Arden Shakespeare (2010). In that volume Hammond expresses his conviction that Shakespeare was co-dramatist with Fletcher. At the same time, Hammond allows Double Falsehood to…

John C. Calhoun: Legacy of John C. Calhoun: After Calhoun’s death, his protégé, James H. Hammond, said that

John Hammond was an American record producer, promoter, talent scout, and music critic who discovered and promoted several major figures of popular music, from Count Basie and Billie Holiday in the 1930s to Bob Dylan and Bruce Springsteen during the rock era. A tireless crusader for racial

John Hays Hammond was a U.S. mining engineer who helped develop gold mining in South Africa and California. In 1880 he was engaged by the U.S. Geological Survey for a study of the California goldfields; afterward, as a consulting engineer, he visited most of the countries of North and South

John Hays Hammond, Jr. was a U.S. inventor whose development of radio remote control served as the basis for modern missile guidance systems. Son of the noted U.S. mining engineer John Hays Hammond, he established the Hammond Radio Research Laboratory in 1911. By the beginning of World War I, he

John Hammond was an American record producer, promoter, talent scout, and music critic who discovered and promoted several major figures of popular music, from Count Basie and Billie Holiday in the 1930s to Bob Dylan and Bruce Springsteen during the rock era. A tireless crusader for racial

Laurens Hammond was an American businessman and inventor of the electronic keyboard instrument known as the Hammond organ. Hammond’s early education took place in Europe, where the family had moved in 1898. Returning to the United States, Hammond attended Cornell University where he received a

Philip Hammond is a British Conservative Party politician who served as foreign minister (2014–16) under Prime Minister David Cameron and chancellor of the Exchequer (2016–19) under Prime Minister Theresa May. After graduating (1977) from University College, Oxford, with a first-class degree in

Ralph Hammond Innes was an English novelist and traveler known for adventure stories in which suspense and foreign locations are prominent features. Hammond Innes began his career in teaching and publishing. He worked for the newspaper Financial News from 1934 to 1940 and served in the British

Walter Reginald Hammond was an English cricketer and former team captain (1939–46) who broke many records during his career as one of the country’s finest batsmen. He made his first appearance for Gloucestershire in 1920 and joined the English national team three years later. He scored 7,249 runs

Hammondsport, village, in the town (township) of Urbana, Steuben county, southern New York, U.S. It lies at the south end of Keuka Lake (one of the Finger Lakes), 20 miles (32 km) north-northwest of Corning. In 1829 a local resident, William Bostwick, planted the first grapevine in the area, which

Ḥusaynid dynasty: Ḥammūda Bey (reigned 1782–1814) severed ties with Venice after its attacks on the Tunisian coastal towns of Sousse (1784) and La Goulette (1785). He also faced two Algerian invasions (1807; 1813) and a revolt of the Janissaries in 1811, which forced him to disband the…

Ḥammūdid dynasty, in Spain, Muslim Berber dynasty, one of the party kingdoms (ṭāʾifahs) that emerged during the decline of the Umayyad caliphate of Córdoba early in the 11th century. The Ḥammūdids ruled Málaga (1022–57) and Algeciras (1039–58). In 1013 the Umayyad caliph Sulaymān al-Mustaʿīn

Hammurabi was the sixth and best-known ruler of the 1st (Amorite) dynasty of Babylon (reigning c. 1792–1750 bce), noted for his surviving set of laws, once considered the oldest promulgation of laws in human history. See Hammurabi, Code of. Like all the kings of his dynasty except his father and

Code of Hammurabi, the most complete and perfect extant collection of Babylonian laws, developed during the reign of Hammurabi (1792–1750 bce) of the 1st dynasty of Babylon. It consists of his legal decisions that were collected toward the end of his reign and inscribed on a diorite stela set up in

Hammurabi was the sixth and best-known ruler of the 1st (Amorite) dynasty of Babylon (reigning c. 1792–1750 bce), noted for his surviving set of laws, once considered the oldest promulgation of laws in human history. See Hammurabi, Code of. Like all the kings of his dynasty except his father and

Jessie Buckley: Worldwide fame: …in the Chloé Zhao-directed film Hamnet, playing Agnes, the wife of William Shakespeare (played by Paul Mescal). The story follows the couple’s courtship, family life, and grief over the death of their 11-year-old son, Hamnet. (Learn more in The Rest Is Speculation: Hamnet and the Question of Historical Accuracy.) Adapted…

calligraphy: Writing manuals and copybooks (16th to 18th century): In 1567 Pierre Hamon, secretary and royal writing master to Charles IX of France, published the first copybook printed from engraved metal plates, Alphabet de plusiers sortes de lettres (“Alphabet of Several Sorts of Letters”). Although this title echoes the title of Cresci’s 1560 book, the works…

Dinah: …Shechem, by Shechem, son of Hamor the Hivite (the Hivites were a Canaanitish people). Because Shechem then wished to marry Dinah, Hamor suggested to Jacob that their two peoples initiate a policy of commercial and social intercourse. Dinah’s brothers Simeon and Levi pretended to agree to the marriage and the…

Lionel Hampton was an American jazz musician and bandleader, known for the rhythmic vitality of his playing and his showmanship as a performer. Best known for his work on the vibraphone, Hampton was also a skilled drummer, pianist, and singer. As a boy, Hampton lived with his mother in Kentucky and

Hampden, county, southwestern Massachusetts, U.S., bordered by Connecticut to the south. The county’s terrain is characterized by mountains in the west and by ridges and valleys in the east, bisected north-south by the Connecticut River. Other watercourses include the Chicopee and Westfield rivers

John Hampden was an English Parliamentary leader famous for his opposition to King Charles I over ship money, an episode in the controversies that ultimately led to the English Civil Wars. A first cousin of Oliver Cromwell, Hampden was educated at the University of Oxford and the Inner Temple,

Walter Hampden was an American actor, theatre manager, and repertory producer. Hampden attended Harvard briefly but graduated from Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute. After a year’s study of singing, dancing, speech, and playing the cello in France, Hampden joined Sir Frank Benson’s company in England,

wind instrument: Trumpet-type aerophones: …thanks to the Bohemian hornist Anton Hampel, was later applied to the trumpet.

Jacob Burckhardt: Works of Jacob Burckhardt: …Alemannic dialect may be noted: E Hämpfeli Lieder (1853; “The Jumping Jack Songs”).

Hampi, a 16-square-mile (40-square-km) site located in Vijayanagara district, Karnataka, India. It sits on the southern bank of the Tungabhadra river. The area comprises more than 1,600 surviving monuments from the former capital city, Vijayanagara (Sanskrit: “City of Victory”), of the Vijayanagara

Hampshire, county, west-central Massachusetts, U.S. It consists of a mountainous, forested region adjoining Quabbin Reservoir on the northeast and bisected north-south by the Connecticut River. Other watercourses include The Oxbow (lake), Tighe Carmody Reservoir, and the Westfield and Chicopee

Hampshire, breed of pig developed in the United States from the Wessex Saddleback and other varieties first imported from England around 1825; in the late 20th century it was one of the predominant breeds in the U.S. The trim, fine-coated Hampshire is black with a white saddle, which includes the

Hampshire, breed of medium-wool, dark-faced, hornless sheep originating in Hampshire, England. It is large and blocky and, as a superior mutton breed, is noted for its early maturity. It is one of the most popular meat breeds in the United States, where it is raised extensively for market-lamb

Hampshire, administrative, geographic, and historic county of south-central England. It is bounded to the west by Dorset and Wiltshire, to the north by Berkshire, to the east by Surrey and West Sussex, and to the south by the English Channel. The administrative, geographic, and historic counties

River Avon, river that rises 3 miles (5 km) east of Devizes, Wiltshire, England, on the north side of the Vale of Pewsey and flows generally southward for 48 miles (77 km) to the English Channel. The river shares the name Avon (derived from a Celtic word meaning “river”) with several other rivers

Tertiary Period: Sedimentary sequences: The marine Hampshire and London basins, the Paris Basin, the Anglo-Belgian Basin, and the North German Basin have become the standard for comparative studies of the Paleogene part of the Cenozoic, whereas the Mediterranean region (Italy) has become the standard for the Neogene. The Tertiary record of…

West Berkshire: … on the north and the Hampshire Downs on the south; the Downs are composed of chalk and rise to elevations of 600 to 800 feet (185 to 245 metres). The Downs have occasional clumps of beech, and cereal grains (especially barley) are grown there. The Kennet valley itself is devoted…

Sharon, Lois & Bram: …of children’s performers: the singer Sharon Hampson (born March 31, 1943, in Toronto, Ontario), singer and pianist Lois Lilienstein (born July 10, 1936, in Chicago, Illinois; died April 22, 2015, in Toronto), and singer and guitarist Bram Morrison (born December 18, 1940, in Toronto). Thanks to the popularity of their…

Camden: Hampstead was a village in Anglo-Saxon times. In the 10th century ce its manor was bestowed on the monastery at Westminster. In 1086 St. Pancras was held by St. Paul’s Cathedral and divided into the manors of Pancras, Tothele (Totenhall), and Rugmere and a portion…

Diane Keaton: Later credits: …starred in the romantic comedies Hampstead (2017); Book Club (2018) and its sequel (2023); and Love, Weddings & Other Disasters (2020). In Poms (2019) she played a terminally ill woman who forms a cheerleading squad in her retirement community. The dramedy Mack & Rita (2022) centers on a 30-year-old social-media…

Mississippi College, private, coeducational institution of higher learning, located in Clinton, Mississippi, U.S. Affiliated with the Southern Baptist Convention, it is the second oldest Baptist college in the United States and the oldest and largest private college in Mississippi. The college

Hampton, independent city, southeastern Virginia, U.S. It lies on the Chesapeake Bay and the north shore of Hampton Roads (natural roadstead), opposite Norfolk, to which it is linked by the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel. The city forms part of a metropolitan complex, including Newport News, Norfolk,

Hampton, county, southern South Carolina, U.S. It consists of a low-lying, largely flat region on the Coastal Plain. The Salkehatchie River and its extension, the Combahee, form the county’s eastern border, and Georgia and the Savannah River form the southwestern border. The county is also drained

Hampton: …schools merged in 1805 as Hampton Academy, which was later absorbed into the city’s public school system. Hampton University (1868) was established by General Samuel Chapman Armstrong, an agent of the Freedmen’s Bureau, to educate former slaves. Thomas Nelson Community College opened there in 1968. Incorporated as a town in…

Hampton Court, Tudor palace in the Greater London borough of Richmond upon Thames. It overlooks the north bank of the River Thames. In the 1520s the palace was given by Thomas Cardinal Wolsey to Henry VIII (reigned 1509–47), who enlarged it as his favourite residence. Trees and shrubs were planted

Hampton Court Conference, meeting held at Hampton Court Palace, near London, in January 1604, in response to the Millenary Petition (q.v.), in which the Puritans set forth their demands for reform of the Church of England. The conference was presided over by King James I and attended by the bishops

Hampton Court, Tudor palace in the Greater London borough of Richmond upon Thames. It overlooks the north bank of the River Thames. In the 1520s the palace was given by Thomas Cardinal Wolsey to Henry VIII (reigned 1509–47), who enlarged it as his favourite residence. Trees and shrubs were planted

Hampton University, private coeducational institution of higher learning in Hampton, Virginia, U.S., one of the historically Black colleges and universities in the country. The Undergraduate College consists of schools of business, liberal arts and education, engineering and technology, nursing,

Hampton University, private coeducational institution of higher learning in Hampton, Virginia, U.S., one of the historically Black colleges and universities in the country. The Undergraduate College consists of schools of business, liberal arts and education, engineering and technology, nursing,

Hampton Roads, great natural roadstead, southeastern Virginia, U.S., formed by the deepwater estuary of the James River, protected by the Virginia Peninsula. The Nansemond and Elizabeth rivers also enter the roadstead, which is connected to Chesapeake Bay by the Thimble Shoal Channel, some 1,000

Hampton Roads Conference, (Feb. 3, 1865), informal, unsuccessful peace talks at Hampton Roads, Va., U.S., between the Union and the Confederacy during the U.S. Civil War. At the urging of his wartime adviser, Francis P. Blair, Sr., Pres. Abraham Lincoln had agreed for the first time since the start

Battle of the Monitor and Merrimack, (March 9, 1862), in the American Civil War, naval engagement at Hampton Roads, Virginia, a harbour at the mouth of the James River, notable as history’s first duel between ironclad warships and the beginning of a new era of naval warfare. The Northern-built

Hampton Roads: The port cities comprise the Port of Hampton Roads, created in 1926 under the State of Virginia Port Authority; it is one of the busiest seaports in the country. Exports include tobacco and paper products, while imports include petroleum products, ores, and automobile parts. Shipbuilding, food products, and chemicals are…

Hampton University, private coeducational institution of higher learning in Hampton, Virginia, U.S., one of the historically Black colleges and universities in the country. The Undergraduate College consists of schools of business, liberal arts and education, engineering and technology, nursing,

Fred Hampton was an American civil rights leader and deputy chairman of the Black Panther Party’s Illinois chapter who formed the city of Chicago’s first “Rainbow Coalition.” Hampton was killed during a raid on his residence by Chicago police officers. The youngest child of Francis and Iberia

Fred Hampton was an American civil rights leader and deputy chairman of the Black Panther Party’s Illinois chapter who formed the city of Chicago’s first “Rainbow Coalition.” Hampton was killed during a raid on his residence by Chicago police officers. The youngest child of Francis and Iberia

Ramtha’s School of Enlightenment: …the mediumship of—the school’s leader, JZ Knight. Ramtha’s school draws more than 3,000 students from more than 20 countries.

Lionel Hampton was an American jazz musician and bandleader, known for the rhythmic vitality of his playing and his showmanship as a performer. Best known for his work on the vibraphone, Hampton was also a skilled drummer, pianist, and singer. As a boy, Hampton lived with his mother in Kentucky and

Lionel Hampton was an American jazz musician and bandleader, known for the rhythmic vitality of his playing and his showmanship as a performer. Best known for his work on the vibraphone, Hampton was also a skilled drummer, pianist, and singer. As a boy, Hampton lived with his mother in Kentucky and

Rebecca Yarros is an American romance author best known for her Empyrean series, which follows recruits at a military school in a world ruled by dragons and blends elements of romance and fantasy (“romantasy”). The third novel in the series, Onyx Storm (2025), was a massive bestseller, breaking

Wade Hampton was a Confederate Civil War hero who restored white rule to South Carolina following Radical Reconstruction. After gaining office in the contested gubernatorial election of 1876, he served as the governor of South Carolina from 1877 to 1879. Born into an aristocratic plantation family,

the Hamptons, informal term used to describe the resort community located on the southern peninsula (called the South Fork) of eastern Long Island, New York. The community is traditionally described as the area to the east of the Shinnecock Canal, comprising a string of picturesque seaside towns,

Morocco: Soils: Hamri, a light reddish siliceous soil found throughout the Saïs Plain surrounding Meknès and Fès, supports productive vineyards and can also produce good cereal yields, though it has poor moisture retention. Dhess is the main soil type of the Sebou basin. A silt-rich alluvial soil,…

Icelandic literature: Poetry: …poets contemporary to Pétursson include Þorsteinn frá Hamri and Sigurður Pálsson. The poems in Hamri’s Veðrahjálmur (1972; “Sun Rings”) grapple with questions about lasting values, particularly with the possibility of realizing human fellowship in the modern world. Pálsson’s Ljóð vega salt (1975; “Poems on the See-Saw”) combines autobiographical elements with…

hamster, (subfamily Cricetinae), any of 18 Eurasian species of rodents possessing internal cheek pouches. The golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) of Syria is commonly kept as a pet. Hamsters are stout-bodied, with a tail much shorter than their body length, and have small furry ears, short stocky

hamstring, any of the three muscles at the back of the thigh that begin at the pelvis (specifically originating on the ischial tuberosity) and attach below the knee or to their associated tendons. These muscles serve to flex and rotate the leg and extend the thigh. Injuries to the hamstrings are

Knut Hamsun was a Norwegian novelist, dramatist, poet, and winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1920. A leader of the Neoromantic revolt at the turn of the century, he rescued the novel from a tendency toward excessive naturalism. Of peasant origin, Hamsun spent most of his childhood in

Gaziantep, city, south-central Turkey. It is situated near the Sacirsuyu River, a tributary of the Euphrates River, in limestone hills north of Aleppo, Syria. The city was strategically situated near ancient trade routes, and recent excavations have unearthed fragments of pottery indicating

Are There Towns in the United States That Are Surrounded by Cities?: …of such urban enclaves include Hamtramck, Michigan (surrounded by Detroit), and Harwood Heights and Norridge, Illinois (neighboring towns entirely surrounded by Chicago).

bird: Feathers: …each barb have hooks (hamuli) that engage the barbules of the next barb. The barbs at the base of the vane are often plumaceous—i.e., lacking in hamuli and remaining free of each other. In many birds each contour feather on the body (but rarely on the wings) is provided…

Islamic arts: The modern period: …renaissance, in chronological order, include ʿAbduh al-Ḥamūlī, Dāʾūd Ḥusnī, Sayyid Darwīsh, ʿAbd al-Wahhāb, Umm Kulthūm, Farīd al-Aṭrash, Fayrouz, Rashid al-Hundarashi, Ṣadīqah al-Mulāya, and Muḥammad al-Gubanshi.

bird: Feathers: …each barb have hooks (hamuli) that engage the barbules of the next barb. The barbs at the base of the vane are often plumaceous—i.e., lacking in hamuli and remaining free of each other. In many birds each contour feather on the body (but rarely on the wings) is provided…

India: Decentralization and loss of territory: …Orissa, together with his son Hamvira, conquered the Reddi kingdom of Rajahmundry and the Vijayanagar province of Kondavidu, captured Warangal and Bidar from the Bahmanīs, eventually occupied Udayagiri, and sent a victorious army down the east coast as far south as the Kaveri (Cauvery) River, where he was repulsed by…

Islamic arts: Popular literature: …a story of Muhammad’s uncle Ḥamzah ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, was slowly enlarged by the addition of more and more fantastic details. This form of dāstān, as such literature is called, to some extent influenced the first attempts at novel writing in Muslim India during the 19th century. The epics of…

Ḥamzah ibn ʿAlī was one of the founders of the Druze religion. Almost nothing is known of his life before he entered Egypt in 1017. He became a spokesman for the religious convictions of the Fāṭimid caliph al-Ḥākim (the Fāṭimids were the ruling dynasty in Egypt), who was already accorded the

Ḥamzah ibn ʿAlī was one of the founders of the Druze religion. Almost nothing is known of his life before he entered Egypt in 1017. He became a spokesman for the religious convictions of the Fāṭimid caliph al-Ḥākim (the Fāṭimids were the ruling dynasty in Egypt), who was already accorded the

Khwāja ʿAbd-uṣ-Ṣamad: …of the illustrations of the Dāstān-e (“Stories of”) Amīr Ḥamzeh, a series that numbered about 1,400 paintings, all of unusually large size. As none of the paintings is signed, it is not certain whether he himself did any of them. Among the miniatures bearing his signature is one in the…

Han Chinese, East Asian ethnic group and the world’s largest ethnic group, with more than 1.4 billion members. They comprise the majority populations of China, Taiwan, and Singapore and also maintain minority communities around the world. The Han Chinese originated in the central plains of northern

han, in Japanese history, fief controlled by a daimyo, or territorial lord, during the Tokugawa period (1603–1868). The han evolved during the 15th century when local daimyo gradually came into military and civil control of their own domains. In the warfare that took place among them at the end of

submarine: Attack submarines: The first keel of the Type 091 vessel (known as the Han class to NATO), based partly on Soviet designs, was laid down in 1967, and the completed boat was commissioned in 1974. Four more Type 091 boats were commissioned over the next two decades. They were followed by the…

canals and inland waterways: Ancient works: …the Li River, and the Bian Canal in Henan. Of later canals the most spectacular was the Grand Canal, the first 966-km (600-mile) section of which was opened to navigation in 610. This waterway enabled grain to be transported from the lower Yangtze River (Chang Jiang) and Huai River valleys…

Han Yu was a master of Chinese prose, an outstanding poet, and the first proponent of what later came to be known as Neo-Confucianism, which had wide influence in China and Japan. An orphan, Han initially failed his civil service exams because the examiners refused to accept his unconventional

Han River, river in eastern Guangdong province, China. The Han River rises in the Wuyi Mountains in southwest Fujian province to the north of Changting. Its upper course is known as the Ting River, and it flows south to Fengshi, below which it is joined by the Yongding River. Flowing south over the

Soong family: Charlie Soong (1863–1918), also called Charles Jones Soong, was born Han Jiaozhun and was reared until he was nine in Wenchang, a port on the eastern coast of the island of Hainan, China. After a three-year apprenticeship in the East Indies (Indonesia), he spent eight…

Han Chinese, East Asian ethnic group and the world’s largest ethnic group, with more than 1.4 billion members. They comprise the majority populations of China, Taiwan, and Singapore and also maintain minority communities around the world. The Han Chinese originated in the central plains of northern

Victor Hugo: Early years (1802–30): …in an English translation as Hans of Iceland. The journalist Charles Nodier was enthusiastic about it and drew Hugo into the group of friends, all devotees of Romanticism, who met regularly at the Bibliothèque de L’Arsenal. While frequenting this literary circle, which was called the Cénacle, Hugo shared in launching…

Yoon Suk-Yeol: Declaration of martial law: …The leader of the PPP, Han Dong-Hoon, stated that Yoon’s “martial law declaration is wrong” and pledged to “work with the citizens to stop it.” The National Assembly convened with 190 out of its 300 lawmakers and passed a resolution with all present members voting to overturn the martial law…

South Korea: The Sixth Republic: …presidential duties; instead, Prime Minister Han Duck-Soo would assume those responsibilities with guidance from the PPP. Meanwhile, opposition lawmakers submitted a motion for another impeachment vote on December 14. Additionally, Yoon was banned from leaving the country by the justice ministry, and prosecutors opened a criminal case against him for…

Han dynasty, the second great imperial dynasty of China (206 bce–220 ce), after the Zhou dynasty (1046–256 bce). It succeeded the Qin dynasty (221–207 bce). So thoroughly did the Han dynasty establish what was thereafter considered Chinese culture that “Han” became the Chinese word denoting someone

Han Feizi was the greatest of China’s Legalist philosophers. His essays on autocratic government so impressed Qin Shi Huang that the future emperor adopted their principles after seizing power in 221 bce. The Hanfeizi, the book named after him, comprises a synthesis of legal theories up to his