Orange River, river in southern Africa, one of the longest rivers on the continent and one of the longest south of the Tropic of Capricorn. After rising in the Lesotho Highlands, less than 125 miles (200 kilometres) from the Indian Ocean, the river flows to the Atlantic Ocean in a generally

Latin American dance: Central America, Colombia, and Venezuela: …is the punta of the Garifuna—a cultural group of mixed Amerindian and African origin—found on the Atlantic coast of Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Punta is a social dance of joy and festivity, as well as an emblem of cultural survival. In its festive aspect, punta allows dancers to interact…

Andy Vivien Palacio: …that was known as the Garifuna Collective, Palacio produced several influential albums, notably Paranda (1999) and Wátina (2007). He was awarded Belize’s Order of Meritorious Service in September 2007, and two months later he was named a UNESCO Artist for Peace.

Garífuna language, an Arawakan language spoken by approximately 190,000 people in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua, and also by many who have emigrated to the United States. The language’s presence in Central America is relatively recent. African slaves mingled with the Caribs of Saint

Cobourg Peninsula: It is now Garig Gunak Barlu National Park, administered jointly by the traditional Aboriginal owners and the Northern Territory government.

maquis: Garigue, or garrigue, is a related plant community associated with southern France and with poor limestone soils throughout the Mediterranean region.

Brazil: Mining and quarrying: …where tens of thousands of garimpeiros swarmed during gold rushes in the 1980s and ’90s. Minas Gerais, Bahia, and Espírito Santo are the major sources of Brazil’s enormous range of gems—topazes, amethysts, opals, aquamarines, tourmalines, emeralds, and others—that make Brazil a world leader in precious and semiprecious stones.

Latin American dance: Central America, Colombia, and Venezuela: …is the punta of the Garifuna—a cultural group of mixed Amerindian and African origin—found on the Atlantic coast of Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Punta is a social dance of joy and festivity, as well as an emblem of cultural survival. In its festive aspect, punta allows dancers to interact…

Turkish literature: Modern Turkish literature: …and Melih Cevdet Anday—initiated the Garip (“Strange”) movement with publication of a volume of poetry by the same name. In it they emphasized simplified language, folkloric poetic forms, and themes of alienation in the modern urban environment. Later, Anday broke with this style, treating philosophical and aesthetic issues in his…

Howard R. Garis was an American author, creator of the Uncle Wiggily series of children’s stories. Garis began his career as a newspaperman with the Newark Evening News in 1896. Shortly after, he began writing a daily bedtime story about Uncle Wiggily—a rabbit hero—and his friends. He averaged a

Howard R. Garis was an American author, creator of the Uncle Wiggily series of children’s stories. Garis began his career as a newspaperman with the Newark Evening News in 1896. Shortly after, he began writing a daily bedtime story about Uncle Wiggily—a rabbit hero—and his friends. He averaged a

Garissa, town, east-central Kenya. The town is a market centre situated on the Tana River, and its industries process food, beverages, and tobacco products; manufactures include plastic containers. It is located about 215 miles (350 km) east of Nairobi and is linked by road with Nairobi, Mombasa,

garland, a band, or chain, of flowers, foliage, and leaves; it may be joined at the ends to form a circle (wreath), worn on the head (chaplet), or draped in loops (festoon or swag). Garlands have been a part of religious ritual and tradition from ancient times: the Egyptians placed garlands of

Garland, city, Dallas county, northern Texas, U.S. Adjacent to Dallas (west), it was founded in 1887, when two rival railroad communities, Duck Creek and Embree, were consolidated by an act of the U.S. Congress and named for Attorney General Augustus H. Garland. In May 1927 a tornado destroyed much

crabapple: Major species: …species are the garland, or sweet crab (M. coronaria), Oregon crabapple (M. fusca), prairie crabapple (M. ioensis), and southern crabapple (M. angustifolia).

Daphne: The garland flower (D. cneorum) is a hardy evergreen trailing shrub, or ground cover, with pink, sweet-scented flowers. Popular greenhouse subjects include the several varieties of winter daphne (D. odora), which have very fragrant white to purplish flowers in crowded clusters. D. indica, with red blossoms,…

ginger lily, (genus Hedychium), genus of about 70 species in the ginger family (Zingiberaceae), found mostly in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. Several are cultivated as ornamentals, and the flowers of many Hedychium species are used for garlands and other decorations. The

Avatamsaka-sutra, voluminous Mahayana Buddhist text that some consider the most sublime revelation of the Buddha’s teachings. Scholars value the text for its revelations about the evolution of thought from early Buddhism to fully developed Mahayana. The sutra speaks of the deeds of the Buddha and

history of logic: St. Anselm and Peter Abelard: 730–804) and Garland the Computist (flourished c. 1040). But it was not until late in the 11th century that serious interest in logic revived. St. Anselm of Canterbury (1033–1109) discussed semantical questions in his De grammatico and investigated the notions of possibility and necessity in surviving fragments,…

Major Supreme Court Cases from the 2024–25 Term: Garland v. VanDerStok: Argued on October 8, 2024. Following the assassinations in the 1960s of Pres. John F. Kennedy, presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy, and civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr., Congress passed, and Pres.

D.O.A.: Cast: Assorted Referencesdiscussed in biography

Salmon P. Chase: Missouri and Ex parte Garland (both 1867), state and federal loyalty oaths prerequisite to the practice of learned professions. In various cases in 1872–73 (near the end of his life), in a court whose majority narrowly construed the postwar Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution, he…

Hamlin Garland was an American author perhaps best remembered for his short stories and his autobiographical “Middle Border” series of narratives. As his farming family moved progressively westward from Wisconsin to Iowa and then to the Dakotas, Garland rebelled against the vicissitudes of

Hamlin Garland was an American author perhaps best remembered for his short stories and his autobiographical “Middle Border” series of narratives. As his farming family moved progressively westward from Wisconsin to Iowa and then to the Dakotas, Garland rebelled against the vicissitudes of

Judy Garland was an American singer and actress whose exceptional talents and vulnerabilities combined to make her one of the most enduringly popular Hollywood icons of the 20th century. Frances Gumm was the daughter of former vaudevillians Frank Gumm and Ethel Gumm, who operated the New Grand

Merrick Garland is an American lawyer, judge, and government official who served as U.S. attorney general throughout the administration of Pres. Joe Biden (2021–25). Garland previously was a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (1997–2021; chief judge, 2013–20).

Merrick Garland is an American lawyer, judge, and government official who served as U.S. attorney general throughout the administration of Pres. Joe Biden (2021–25). Garland previously was a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (1997–2021; chief judge, 2013–20).

garlic, (Allium sativum), perennial plant of the amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae), grown for its flavourful bulbs. The plant is native to central Asia but grows wild in Italy and southern France and is a classic ingredient in many national cuisines. The bulbs have a powerful onionlike aroma and

Mo Yan: …Tiantang suantai zhi ge (The Garlic Ballads) was published, followed in 1995 by the collection Mo Yan wenji (“Collected Works of Mo Yan”). Of the stories contained in the latter book, Mo himself was most satisfied with Jiuguo (1992; The Republic of Wine). The novel Fengru feitun (1995; Big…

Garcinia: Garlic fruit, or bitter garcinia (G. spicata), is planted as an ornamental in tropical salt-spray oceanfront areas. Orange dyes (gamboge) are extracted from the bark of G. xanthochymus and G. cowa. A number of species are listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List of

history of medicine: Anesthesia and thoracic surgery: …generally poor until, in 1944, John Garlock of New York showed that it is possible to excise the esophagus and to bring the stomach up through the chest and join it to the pharynx. Lengths of colon were also used as grafts to bridge the gap.

Kaifi Azmi: …films is the critically acclaimed Garm Hava (1974; “Scorching Winds”), directed by M.S. Satyu. That film, based on an unpublished story by Ismat Chughtai and starring Balraj Sahni in what is considered to be one of his best roles, won Azmi awards for best story (shared with Chughtai), best screenplay…

dress, clothing and accessories for the human body. The variety of dress is immense. The style that a particular individual selects is often linked to that person’s sex, age, socioeconomic status, culture, geographic area, and historical era. This article considers the chronological development of

clothing and footwear industry, factories and mills producing outerwear, underwear, headwear, footwear, belts, purses, luggage, gloves, scarfs, ties, and household soft goods such as drapes, linens, and slipcovers. The same raw materials and equipment are used to fashion these different end

Robert Aldrich: Early work: Aldrich had almost completed The Garment Jungle (1957) when he was fired from the production for refusing to tone down the script’s frank portrayal of New York’s crime-infested garment industry; Vincent Sherman finished the drama. Aldrich next directed the World War II films The Angry Hills (1959), with Robert…

Garmisch-Partenkirchen: …the two ancient villages of Garmisch and Partenkirchen, was chartered in 1935 and retains much of its rural character.

Garmisch-Partenkirchen, market town, Bavaria Land (state), southern Germany. It lies at the junction of the deep Loisach and Partnach valleys, in the Bavarian Alps at the foot of the Zugspitze (9,718 feet [2,962 metres]), which is the highest mountain in Germany. The town, a union of the two

Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936 Olympic Winter Games, athletic festival held in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, that took place February 6–16, 1936. The Garmisch-Partenkirchen Games were the fourth occurrence of the Winter Olympic Games. The 1936 Winter Olympics, held in a Bavarian resort, were opened

Fārs: …divides into two regions: the garmsīr and the sardsīr. The sparsely settled garmsīr (hot climate) region lies at elevations up to 2,500 feet (750 m). It is humid on the coastal plain bordering the Persian Gulf; this area supports the cultivation of fruit, cereals (rice, corn [maize]), vegetables, and tobacco.…

François-Xavier Garneau was the first outstanding French-Canadian historian, known as the father of Canadian historiography. The son of a carriage maker, Garneau left school at the age of 14 and entered the court clerk’s office and two years later a notary’s firm, becoming a notary himself in 1830.

Hector de Saint-Denys Garneau was a poet who was the cofounder of the important French Canadian literary journal La Relève (1934; “The Relief”). His intense and introspective verse, filled with images of death and despair, set him apart from the prevailing regionalism of Canadian literature and

Marc Garneau was a Canadian naval officer, astronaut, and politician who was the first Canadian citizen to go into space (1984). Garneau received a B.S. in engineering physics from the Royal Military College in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, in 1970 and a doctorate in electrical engineering from

Alan Garner is an English writer whose works, noted for their idiosyncratic style, are rooted in the myth and legend of the British Isles. Garner attended local schools before spending two years in the Royal Artillery and studying at Magdalen College, Oxford. His first book, The Weirdstone of

John Nance Garner was the 32nd vice president of the United States (1933–41) in the Democratic administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He maintained his conservatism despite his prominent position in Roosevelt’s New Deal administration. Garner was the son of farmers John Nance Garner III

American civil rights movement: Black Lives Matter, Shelby County v. Holder, and Louisiana v. Callais: …Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and Eric Garner in Staten Island, New York, in 2014, as well as that of Freddie Gray in Baltimore in 2015, prompted widespread protest. The fatal shooting of Trayvon Martin, an unarmed Black teenager, in Sanford, Florida, in February 2012, by George Zimmerman, a neighbourhood watch…

Erroll Garner was an American pianist and composer, one of the most virtuosic and popular pianists in jazz. Garner was influenced by Fats Waller and was entirely self-taught. He substituted for Art Tatum in the latter’s trio in 1945 and subsequently formed his own three-piece group, achieving

Erroll Garner was an American pianist and composer, one of the most virtuosic and popular pianists in jazz. Garner was influenced by Fats Waller and was entirely self-taught. He substituted for Art Tatum in the latter’s trio in 1945 and subsequently formed his own three-piece group, achieving

James Garner was an American actor who was noted for his portrayal of good-natured characters and reluctant heroes. He was perhaps best known for his roles in the television series Maverick and The Rockford Files. After serving in the U.S. Army during the Korean War, Garner pursued an acting

Jennifer Garner is an American actress known for her starring role as CIA double agent Sydney Bristow on the television series Alias (2001–06) as well as for often playing mothers and action heroes. Her standout performances from film include 13 Going on 30 (2004), Juno (2007), and Dallas Buyers

Joel Garner is a West Indian cricketer who was one of the game’s dominant bowlers in the 1970s and ’80s. Garner grew up in Barbados. He made his Test (international two-innings, five-day match) debut for the West Indies in 1977 and became an integral part of the outstanding West Indian cricket

John Nance Garner was the 32nd vice president of the United States (1933–41) in the Democratic administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He maintained his conservatism despite his prominent position in Roosevelt’s New Deal administration. Garner was the son of farmers John Nance Garner III

Julia Garner is an American actress whose breakthrough came playing devious and street-smart Ruth Langmore in the award-winning Netflix crime thriller Ozark (2017–22). For her performance she won three Emmy awards (2019, 2020, and 2022) for best supporting actress in a drama series. She continued

A Tree Grows in Brooklyn: Reception: …Hollywood movie in 1945, starring Peggy Ann Garner as Francie, Dorothy McGuire as Katie, and James Dunn as Johnny. The film, directed by Elia Kazan, was nominated for an Academy Award for best screenplay, and Dunn won an Oscar for best supporting actor. The novel was also adapted into a…

stagecraft: Costume of the 18th and 19th centuries: Auguste Garneray and Hippolyte Lecomte were leading French ballet designers in the 19th century. The former’s work shows ingenuity in adapting contemporary dress to suggest different lands and other periods. The latter was originally a painter of historical episodes; accuracy rather than imagination is the…

André-Jacques Garnerin was a French aeronaut, the first person to use a parachute regularly and successfully. He perfected the parachute and made jumps from greater altitudes than had been possible before. As a young man Garnerin studied physics. In 1793 he became an inspector in the French army,

garnet, any member of a group of common silicate minerals that have similar crystal structures and chemical compositions. They may be colourless, black, and many shades of red and green. Garnets, favoured by lapidaries since ancient times and used widely as an abrasive, occur in rocks of each of

Henry Highland Garnet was an American abolitionist and clergyman who became known for his militant approach to ending slavery, which was expressed in his “Call to Rebellion” speech (1843). Born into slavery, Garnet escaped in 1824 and made his way to New York. There he pursued an education and

Constance Garnett was an English translator who made the great works of Russian literature available to English and American readers in the first half of the 20th century. In addition to being the first to render Dostoyevsky and Chekhov into English, she translated the complete works of Turgenev

David Garnett was an English novelist, son of Edward and Constance Garnett, who was the most popularly acclaimed writer of this literary family. A prolific writer, he is best known for his satirical fantasies Lady into Fox (1922), the tale of a man whose wife is suddenly transformed into a fox, and

Edward Garnett was an influential English critic and publisher’s reader who discovered, advised, and tutored many of the great British writers of the early 20th century. The son of the writer and librarian Richard Garnett, he was more influenced by his family’s literary interests than by his slight

Edward Garnett was an influential English critic and publisher’s reader who discovered, advised, and tutored many of the great British writers of the early 20th century. The son of the writer and librarian Richard Garnett, he was more influenced by his family’s literary interests than by his slight

children’s literature: Coming of age (1865–1945): …in the late 1930s, with Eve Garnett’s The Family from One End Street, of stories showing a sympathetic concern with the lives of impoverished children; the reflection, also in the ’30s, of a serious interest, influenced by modern psychology, in the structure of the child’s vision of the world; the…

Henry Garnett was an English Jesuit superior implicated in the Gunpowder Plot, an abortive conspiracy to destroy the Protestant king James I of England and Parliament while in assembly on Nov. 5, 1605, in retaliation for stricter penal laws against Roman Catholics. Garnett was raised in the

Kevin Garnett is an American professional basketball player who was one of the most versatile and dominant players of his time. Garnett played three seasons of high school basketball in South Carolina before transferring to a school in Chicago for his senior year. In 1995 the 6-foot 11-inch

Kevin Garnett is an American professional basketball player who was one of the most versatile and dominant players of his time. Garnett played three seasons of high school basketball in South Carolina before transferring to a school in Chicago for his senior year. In 1995 the 6-foot 11-inch

Richard Garnett was an English writer, librarian, and the head of the Garnett family, which exerted a formative influence on the development of modern British writing. From the age of 15 until his retirement in 1899 he was in the employ of the British Museum. After initially working as a clerk,

Tay Garnett was an American director who, during a career that spanned more than four decades, worked in a variety of genres but was best known for the film-noir classic The Postman Always Rings Twice (1946). Garnett sold cartoons and stories to pulp magazines before serving in World War I as a

Benedict (XIV) was a counter-antipope from 1425 to c. 1430. In 1417 the Council of Constance deposed the antipope Pope Benedict (XIII) and elected Martin V, thus officially terminating the Western Schism between Avignon and Rome. However, Benedict, protected in his castle of Peñíscola in Valencia,

Charles Garnier was a French architect of the Beaux-Arts style, famed as the creator of the Paris Opera House. He was admitted to the École des Beaux-Arts in 1842 and was awarded the Grand Prix de Rome in 1848 to study in Italy. He won the 1860 competition for the new Paris Opera House. One of the

Francis Garnier was a French naval officer, colonial administrator, and explorer. Garnier, the son of an army officer, overcame parental opposition to enter the naval school at Brest in 1856. Upon completion of his training he was posted as an ensign aboard a ship forming part of the French

Charles Garnier was a French architect of the Beaux-Arts style, famed as the creator of the Paris Opera House. He was admitted to the École des Beaux-Arts in 1842 and was awarded the Grand Prix de Rome in 1848 to study in Italy. He won the 1860 competition for the new Paris Opera House. One of the

Jean-Pierre Garnier is a French scientist and business executive who oversaw the merger of two of the world’s largest pharmaceutical companies, SmithKline Beecham PLC and Glaxo Wellcome PLC, serving as CEO (2000–08) of the resulting firm, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). Garnier was the son of an advertising

Francis Garnier was a French naval officer, colonial administrator, and explorer. Garnier, the son of an army officer, overcame parental opposition to enter the naval school at Brest in 1856. Upon completion of his training he was posted as an ensign aboard a ship forming part of the French

Opéra, Parisian opera house designed by Charles Garnier. The building, considered one of the masterpieces of the Second Empire style, was begun in 1861 and opened with an orchestral concert on Jan. 5, 1875. The first opera performed there was Fromental Halévy’s work La Juive on Jan. 8, 1875. A

Robert Garnier was an outstanding French tragic dramatist of his time. While a law student at Toulouse, Garnier won two prizes in the jeux floraux, or floral games (an annual poetry contest held by the Académié des Jeux Floraux). He published his first collection of lyrical pieces (now lost),

Tony Garnier was a forerunner of 20th-century French architects, notable for his Cité Industrielle, a farsighted plan for an industrial city. He is also remembered, along with Auguste Perret, for the pioneering use of reinforced concrete. On his Prix de Rome grant Garnier developed plans (beginning

Louis-Antoine Garnier-Pagès was a republican political figure prominent in the opposition to France’s monarchical regimes from 1830 to 1870. Garnier-Pagès was an active participant in the antiroyalist uprising of 1830, but he did not formally enter politics until 1842, when he was elected to the

mineral deposit: Laterites: …water table as the mineral garnierite, H4Ni3Si2O9. Although garnierite is a silicate mineral (the most difficult type to smelt), an efficient method has been discovered to recover its nickel content, and it is therefore an excellent ore mineral. The most famous nickeliferous laterites are those of New Caledonia, which have…

garnish, an embellishment added to a food to enhance its appearance or taste. Simple garnishes such as chopped herbs, decoratively cut lemons, parsley and watercress sprigs, browned breadcrumbs, sieved hard-cooked eggs, and broiled tomatoes are appropriate to a wide variety of foods; their purpose

garnishment, (from Middle French garnir, meaning “to warn”), a process by which a creditor can obtain satisfaction of an indebtedness of the debtor by initiating a proceeding to attach property or other assets. A common form of garnishment involves a creditor attaching the wages of an employee owed

Bangladesh: Ethnic groups: the Khasi, the Garo, and the Hajang. The Santhal peoples live in the northwestern part of Bangladesh, the Khasi in Sylhet in the Khasi Hills near the border with Assam, India, and the Garo and Hajang in the northeastern part of the country.

Garo Hills, physiographic region, western Meghalaya state, northeastern India. It consists of the western margin of the Shillong Plateau and rises to a top elevation of about 4,600 feet (1,400 meters). Drained by various tributaries of the Brahmaputra River, it has extremely high rainfall and is

Meghalaya: People: Khasi and Garo along with Jaintia and English are the state’s official languages; other languages spoken in the state include Pnar-Synteng, Nepali, and Haijong, as well as the plains languages of Bengali, Assamese, and Hindi.

whirlpool: …oceanic whirlpools include those of Garofalo (supposedly the Charybdis of ancient legend), along the coast of Calabria in southern Italy, and of Messina, in the strait between Sicily and peninsular Italy. The Maelstrom (from Dutch for “whirling stream”) located near the Lofoten Islands, off the coast of Norway, and whirlpools…

Benvenuto Garofalo was an Italian painter, one of the most prolific 16th-century painters of the Ferrarese school. Garofalo’s first apprenticeship was with Domenico Panetti and later with the Cremonese painter Boccaccio Boccaccino. Garofalo’s two visits to Rome in the first and second decades of

omertà: Lea Garofalo: Lea Garofalo was an Italian civilian informant whose break with the ’Ndrangheta ended in her murder. Born into a Mafia family, with both her father and brother involved in the organization, she chose to leave that environment in 1996 to protect her daughter.…

Elio Vittorini: …rosso (written 1933–35, published 1948; The Red Carnation), while overtly portraying the personal, scholastic, and sexual problems of an adolescent boy, also conveys the poisonous political atmosphere of fascism. In 1936 Vittorini began writing his most important novel, Conversazione in Sicilia (1941, rev. ed. 1965; Eng. trans., Conversation in Sicily;…

Garonne River, most important river of southwestern France, rising in the Spanish central Pyrenees and flowing into the Atlantic by way of the estuary called the Gironde. It is 357 miles (575 km) long, excluding the Gironde Estuary (45 miles in length). Formed by two headstreams in the Maladeta

Brock Purdy: From Mr. Irrelevant to star QB: …they also had veteran QB Jimmy Garoppolo. But after both QBs went down with injuries in the 2022 season, Purdy became the starting quarterback in December. He went 5–0 as a starter, and during the regular season he threw for 1,374 yards, with 13 touchdowns and just 4 interceptions, for…

Stan Getz: …Jobim; for one track, “The Girl from Ipanema,” Gilberto’s wife, Astrud, who had never sung professionally, was a last-minute addition on vocals. Her somewhat naive, blasé delivery suited the tune and complimented Getz’s sax playing perfectly, and the recording became the biggest hit of Getz’s career when it was…

Garoua, town located in northeastern Cameroon. The town lies along the right bank of the Benue River, north-northeast of Yaoundé, the national capital. It is situated at the junction of the road between Maroua and Ngaoundéré and the Benue waterway and is the chief commercial centre of the region.

primitive culture: Nomadic societies: …attest the following remarks by Lewis Garrard, who traveled with a Cheyenne Indian camp in 1846:

Celtic literature: Prose: …and religious lessons, such as Toussaint Le Garrec and Abbé J. Le Bayon, who revived several great mystery plays—Nicolazig, Boeh er goed (“The Voice of the Blood”), Ar hent en Hadour (“In the Steps of the Sower”), and Ar en hent de Vethleem (“On the Way to Bethlehem”).

Garrett, county, extreme western Maryland, U.S., lying between West Virginia to the west and south and Pennsylvania to the north. Parklands and lakes occupy one-fifth of the county area. Waterways such as the Casselman, Savage, and Youghiogheny rivers as well as Deep Creek Lake, the state’s largest

The Signal Companies, Inc.: …the aerospace field by acquiring Garrett Corporation, which manufactured engines, control systems, and other aircraft and missile components used on nearly all U.S. commercial and military aircraft of the time. In 1975 the company acquired a controlling interest in UOP Inc. (formerly Universal Oil Products Company), which produced environmental control…

Howard Cosell: …football broadcast to wide receiver Alvin Garrett as a “little monkey,” and despite support from Garrett himself, among others, the incident contributed to his decision to leave Monday Night Football at the end of 1983, complaining that pro football had become "a stagnant bore." After the publication of his 1985…

Stanley Donen: Early life and work: …Yorkers (Vera-Ellen, Ann Miller, and Betty Garrett). The film was shot partly on location in New York City, on whose streets Donen dazzlingly directed the production number “New York, New York.”

Mary Smith Garrett and Emma Garrett: Emma graduated from Alexander Graham Bell’s course for teachers of the deaf at the Boston University School of Oratory in 1878 and became a teacher of speech at the Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb in Mount Airy. She was given charge of the…

submarine: Toward diesel-electric power: In 1880 an English clergyman, George W. Garrett, successfully operated a submarine with steam from a coal-fired boiler that featured a retractable smokestack. The fire had to be extinguished before the craft would submerge (or it would exhaust the air in the submarine), but enough steam remained in the boilers…

João Baptista da Silva Leitão de Almeida Garrett, viscount de Almeida Garrett was a writer, orator, and statesman who was one of Portugal’s finest prose writers, an important playwright, and chief of the country’s Romantic poets. Garrett graduated in law from the University of Coimbra in 1820,