ice: References & Edit History
More Articles On This Topic
- atmospheric science
- weather modificationGeneral considerations
- firn
- food preservationThe freezing process
- glaciology
- glacial landformGlacial deposition
- global warmingIce albedo feedback
- global warmingIce melt and sea level rise
- high-pressure phenomena
- refrigeration
- precipitation
- Indian OceanIce
- ice in lakes and rivers
- inland water ecosystemPhysical and chemical properties of water
- Today in History—July 14How a Florida Doctor Invented Ice Machines
- lakeSalinity, nutrients, and oxygen
- lakeVertical mixing and overturn
- melting
- chemical bondingMolecular solids
- permafrostTypes of ground ice
- liquidRepresentative values of phase-diagram parameters
- climateMechanisms of precipitation release
- climateSnow and sleet
- V. Walfrid Ekman
- solar systemDifferentiation into inner and outer planets
- fish processingChilling
- water cycleMajor hydrologic processes
- hydrosphereIce
- river
- water
- waterStructures of ice
- Why Does Ice Float on Water?
Additional Reading
Samuel C. Colbeck (ed.), Dynamics of Snow and Ice Masses (1980), includes chapters on valley glaciers, ice sheets, snow packs, icebergs, sea ice, and avalanches, emphasizing the basic physics. P.V. Hobbs, Ice Physics (1974); and Victor F. Petrenko and Robert W. Whitworth, Physics of Ice (1999), treat all aspects of the physics and chemistry of ice. W. Richard Peltier (ed.), Ice in the Climate System (1993), is a modern review of the past, present, and future interactions between ice and climate.
Article Contributors
Primary Contributors
- George D. Ashton
-
Mark F. Meier
Professor of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder; former Director, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research.
Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors
Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Add new Web site: Chemistry LibreTexts - Ice and Water. | Aug 10, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: Roger Williams University Open Publishing - Introduction to Oceanography - Types of Ice. | May 10, 2024 | ||
| Cross-references added. | Oct 24, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: The Canadian Encyclopedia - Ice. | Mar 14, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Science Learning Hub - Water and ice. | Jun 19, 2022 | ||
| Removed media. | Sep 22, 2021 | ||
| Add new Web site: National Geographic - Ice. | Jun 13, 2021 | ||
| Add new Web site: LiveScience - What are the Different Types of Ice Formations Found on Earth? | Jan 31, 2020 | ||
| Media added. | Sep 22, 2017 | ||
| Media added. | Apr 18, 2016 | ||
| Added video. | Mar 23, 2015 | ||
| New media added. | May 30, 2014 | ||
| Media added. | Jan 06, 2012 | ||
| Added new Web site: Science NetLinks - Water 1: Water and Ice. | Mar 19, 2009 | ||
| Added new Web site: Science NetLinks - Water 1: Water and Ice. | Mar 19, 2009 | ||
| Media added. | Oct 14, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: The Canadian Encyclopedia - Ice. | Jul 22, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: Amethyst Galleries - The Mineral Ice. | May 30, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: Office of Naval Research - Naval Research: Listening to Ice. | May 19, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: NASA�s KSNN - Why does Ice Float in My Drink? | May 14, 2008 | ||
| Bibliography revised. | Jan 12, 2007 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Jan 12, 2007 | ||
| Article revised. | May 31, 2002 | ||
| Article added to new online database. | Sep 19, 1998 |
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