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effusive volcanism
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effusive volcanism

geology
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Effusive volcanism is characterized by the outpouring of basaltic magma that is low in viscosity and gas content. This type of eruption involves molten rock, known as lava, flowing onto Earth's surface. Unlike explosive eruptions, effusive eruptions are generally less violent and tend to form features like lava plateaus or gently sloping shield volcanoes.123

The fluidity of effusive lava allows it to travel significant distances. Common types of basaltic lava flows include pahoehoe, with smooth, ropy surfaces, and aa, which has a rough, broken surface. These flows are a primary product of volcanic activity, with Hawaii being a prime example of land shaped by continuous effusive eruptions.24

Summary created from Britannica articles using AI. AI can make mistakes, so verify using Britannica articles.
7 Britannica Sources
  1. volcano - Six types of eruptions
  2. volcano - Lava domes
  3. volcano - Determinants of size and shape
  4. effusive History is Overflowing
  5. volcano - Lava flows
  6. volcanic eruption
  7. lava

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