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adrenal gland
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Diagram showing the location of the adrenal glands above the kidneys in the human body, with a detailed cross-section labeling the capsule, adrenal cortex with its three zones (zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, zona reticularis), and the adrenal medulla. The Human Body Diagram showing the organization of the autonomic nervous system, with labeled pathways for parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves, highlighting synapses, neurotransmitters like acetylcholine and norepinephrine, and their receptor types. Diagram of the female renal system showing kidneys, adrenal glands, and urinary tract organs in their anatomical positions, with labels for major structures including blood vessels, bladder, and uterus. Major glands of the human endocrine system. The hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary gland and influences food intake, weight regulation, fluid intake and balance, thirst, body heat, and the sleep cycle. Pituitary hormones stimulate growth, egg and sperm development, milk secretion, and release of hormones by other glands. The pineal gland may play a significant role in sexual maturation and the circadian rhythm. Thyroid hormones regulate the metabolic rate of tissues, stimulate the contraction of heart muscle, and are necessary for normal growth and brain development before birth and during infancy. Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium levels. The adrenal glands regulate salt and water retention, some reactions of the immune system, and blood pressure. The islets of Langerhans regulate blood sugar levels. The ovaries and testes produce hormones that regulate the reproductive system and that produce male and female secondary sex characteristics. The principal glands of the female and male human endocrine systems.
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adrenal gland: References & Edit History

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Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Modified link of Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis: Adrenal Glands (Suprarenal Glands). Oct 17, 2026
Add new Web site: Frontiers - Frontiers in Endocrinology - The adrenal gland and primary aldosteronism: anatomy, steroidogenesis, regulation, and genetic insights. Apr 17, 2026
Add new Web site: ABC listen - Queensland Evenings - The Human Body: Adrenal Glands. Mar 05, 2026
Add new Web site: CellPress - Cell Metabolism - Enlightening the adrenal gland. Jan 23, 2026
Add new Web site: TeachMeAnatomy - The Adrenal Glands. May 24, 2025
Add new Web site: Thompson Rivers University - Human Biology - Adrenal Glands. Apr 09, 2024
Add new Web site: Pressbooks - Boundless Anatomy and Physiology - The Adrenal (Suprarenal) Glands. Feb 28, 2024
Add new Web site: University of Hawaiʻi Pressbooks - The Adrenal Glands. Jan 05, 2024
Added media. Nov 29, 2023
Add new Web site: Johns Hopkins Medicine - Adrenal Glands. Oct 12, 2023
Add new Web site: WebMD - Adrenal Glands: What to Know. Aug 29, 2023
Add new Web site: Verywell Health - The Anatomy of the Adrenal Gland. May 11, 2023
Add new Web site: Cleveland Clinic - Adrenal Gland. Feb 15, 2023
Add new Web site: OpenStax - Anatomy and Physiology 2e - The adrenal glands. Nov 15, 2022
Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis: Adrenal Glands (Suprarenal Glands). Sep 08, 2022
Add new Web site: LiveScience - Adrenal Glands: Facts, Function & Disease. Apr 25, 2018
Add new Web site: InnerBody - Adrenal Glands. Apr 06, 2018
Corrected display issue. Oct 27, 2017
Add new Web site: Healthline - Adrenal Gland. Mar 23, 2014
Article restructured. Dec 21, 2009
New illustration added. Jan 15, 2009
Added new Web site: How Stuff Works - Healthguide - Adrenal Glands. Sep 30, 2008
Article expanded and revised. Jul 27, 2007
Article added to new online database. Jul 20, 1998
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