Definitive determination of cortisol levels requires medical testing, as temporary increases from everyday stress are normal. High cortisol levels often present with nonspecific symptoms, such as weight gain (especially in the abdomen and face), fatigue, high blood pressure and blood sugar, muscle weakness, thin skin, mood changes, poor sleep, and increased infections. Severe or prolonged elevations, such as in Cushing syndrome, may cause more distinctive features, such as a round face and fat accumulation on the upper back.
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