The main sources of the sharia (Islamic law) are the Qurʾan, Sunnah, ijmāʿ, and qiyās. The Qurʾan provides the basic standards of conduct, while the Sunnah embodies the traditions, customs, and practices of the Islamic community, based on the Prophet Muhammad’s words and actions. Ijmāʿ refers to the consensus among Muslim scholars or the Muslim community on specific matters. Qiyās involves analogical reasoning, used to derive legal principles from the Qurʾan and Sunnah.
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