Valeriana

The term "Valeriana" can refer to a genus of plants or a subfamily within the plant kingdom. The subfamily, known as Valerianoideae, is part of the Caprifoliaceae family and includes about 7 genera and 315 species of herbs. These plants are known for their use as ornamentals, salad greens, and sources of medicines and perfumes.

The largest genus within this subfamily is also named Valeriana, which contains approximately 200 species. The most well-known is common valerian (V. officinalis), native to Eurasia and naturalized in North America. Its roots are used to produce a sedative and carminative, and a perfume can be extracted from them. Other genera, like Valerianella, are cultivated for their edible leaves.