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Roman Republic
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Map of the Italian peninsula showing Roman expansion from 298 to 201 BC, with color-coded regions indicating Roman and Latin territories, allies, and acquisitions during different periods, as well as the Kingdom of Syracuse and its allies. Key cities and regions such as Rome, Capua, and Sicily are labeled, and territorial changes from the Samnite and Punic Wars are highlighted. Oil painting by Ferdinand Bol showing Consul Titus Manlius Torquatus seated and gesturing as soldiers carry out the beheading of his son before a crowd in a classical architectural setting. Cincinnatus, Lucius Quinctius Thematic map of ancient Italy around 500 BC, showing the geographic distribution of different peoples. Color-coded regions indicate areas inhabited by Ligurians, Etruscans, Veneti and Apuli, Italics, Celts, Raetians, Carthaginians, and Greeks, with major settlements and surrounding seas labeled. Historical map of the western Mediterranean region during the Punic Wars, showing Carthaginian territory in orange and Roman territory in green around 270 BCE. Hannibal's route from Spain, across the Alps, and into Italy between 219 and 202 BCE is marked with a red line. Key battle sites with years are labeled throughout Spain, Italy, Sicily, and North Africa.
How Hannibal's conquests led to the fall of Carthage
Painting by Cesare Maccari showing Cicero standing and addressing the Roman Senate, with senators in white togas seated in semicircular rows and Catiline isolated in the foreground.
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Roman Republic: Media

ancient state [509 bce-27 bce]
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How Hannibal's conquests led to the fall of Carthage
Overview of the rise and fall of Carthage, with a detailed discussion of Hannibal's...
Video: Contunico © ZDF Studios GmbH, Mainz

Images

Roman expansion in Italy from 298 to 201 bce
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Roman Republic
Consul Titus Manlius Torquatus Orders the Beheading of His Son, oil on canvas...
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam; object no. SK-A-613
Cincinnatus, Lucius Quinctius
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus (left) accepting the position of dictator of Rome from...
© North Wind Picture Archives
ancient Italic peoples
Distribution of peoples of ancient Italy c. 500 bce.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The western Mediterranean during the Punic Wars
The Punic wars led to the destruction of Carthage.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Cesare Maccari: Cicero Denounces Catiline
Cicero Denounces Catiline, painting by Cesare Maccari, 1888, depicting the...
© DeAgostini/Getty Images
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