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Brahmaputra River
References & Edit History Related Topics
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Map showing the course of the Brahmaputra River as it flows from southwestern China through northeastern India and into Bangladesh, with surrounding countries including Bhutan, Nepal, Myanmar, Pakistan, and Afghanistan labeled. The river's path is highlighted in blue, and major international boundaries are marked. Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) River Physical map showing the Brahmaputra and Ganges river basins and their drainage networks across northern India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Tibet (China), and Myanmar. The map uses color shading to indicate elevation, from the high Himalayas in brown and white to lowland plains in green, and marks major rivers, tributaries, glaciers, dams, irrigated areas, and regions subject to flooding. An inset locator map highlights the region within South Asia. Sand shoals in the turquoise waters of the Brahmaputra River, with dry grasses in the foreground and rugged mountains in the background, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. Sibsagar, India: temple Teesta River Black and white satellite image showing the swirling cloud pattern of the Bhola cyclone over the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta, with latitude and longitude grid lines overlaying the region. An Indian rhinoceros, Rhinoceros unicornis, stands on a grassy path in Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India, with a white bird flying near its face. Stupa on the bank of the Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) River Numerous small boats and ferries crowded on the Burhi Ganga River in Dhaka, Bangladesh, with people crossing the water and city buildings visible in the background.
At a Glance
Stupa on the bank of the Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) River
Brahmaputra River summary
Quizzes
Tower Bridge over the Thames River in London, England. Opened in 1894. Remains an Important Traffic Route with 40,000 Crossings Every Day.
Guess the City by Its River Quiz
water glass on white background. (drink; clear; clean water; liquid)
Water and its Varying Forms
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Brahmaputra River: References & Edit History

Additional Reading

Descriptions of the Brahmaputra are found in surveys of the corresponding regions, such as R.L. Singh (ed.), India: A Regional Geography (1971, reprinted 2006); and B.C. Law (ed.), Mountains and Rivers of India (1968). The Brahmaputra River and the Assam region are treated in H.P. Das, Geography of Assam (1970); The Brahmaputra Beckons (1982), a descriptive anthology; and Jere Van Dyk, “Long Journey of the Brahmaputra,” National Geographic, 174(5):672–711 (November 1988). A useful and more recent source on the Brahmaputra and other South Asian rivers is Asit K. Biswas (ed.), Asian International Waters: From Ganges-Brahmaputra to Mekong (1996). Resource management is discussed in Asit K. Biswas and Juha I. Uitto (eds.), Sustainable Development of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Basins (2001); and M.C. Chaturvedi, Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna Waters: Advances in Development and Management (2013). Francis Kingdon Ward, Frank Kingdon Ward’s Riddle of the Tsangpo Gorges: Retracing the Epic Journey of 1924–25 in South-East Tibet, 2nd. ed. (2008), is the memoir of one of the early explorers of the river.

Deryck O. Lodrick The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Article Contributors

Primary Contributors

  • Nafis Ahmad
  • Deryck O. Lodrick
  • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
    Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.

Other Contributors

  • Saugot Chowdhury

Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors

Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Modified link of Web site: Nature Communications - Seven centuries of reconstructed Brahmaputra River discharge demonstrate underestimated high discharge and flood hazard frequency. Jul 07, 2026
Add new Web site: IOPscience - Environmental Research Letters - From discourses to systems—policymaking for adaptive management in the Brahmaputra River basin (PDF). Feb 26, 2026
Add new Web site: International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology - Hydro - Morphological Study of Subansiri Watershed of Brahmaputra River (PDF). Jul 10, 2025
Updated to mention that the Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon is one of the world's deepest gorges. Feb 26, 2025
Add new Web site: Nature Communications - Seven centuries of reconstructed Brahmaputra River discharge demonstrate underestimated high discharge and flood hazard frequency. Sep 23, 2024
Add new Web site: Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research - Topography of the Brahmaputra River and its Tributaries. Aug 13, 2024
Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Assessing the Water Pollution of the Brahmaputra River Using Water Quality Indexes. Apr 27, 2024
Add new Web site: Academia - The Brahmaputra: Shaping the History of Assam. Feb 23, 2024
Updated information on bridges, corrected typo. Nov 21, 2023
Updated to include information on newer bridges over the Brahmaputra Nov 21, 2023
Add new Web site: Academia - The Brahmaputra River in Assam (PDF). Aug 11, 2023
Add new Web site: Maps of India - Brahmaputra River Map. Feb 20, 2023
Add new Web site: Government Of Assam - Water Resources - Brahmaputra River System. Jan 13, 2023
Add new Web site: International Rivers - Brahmaputra/Yarlung Tsangpo. Jan 05, 2017
Media added. Dec 09, 2015
Article revised and updated. Dec 09, 2015
Bibliography updated. Dec 09, 2015
Add new Web site: MapsofIndia.com - Rivers in India - Brahmaputra River Map. Nov 20, 2014
Detail added to the description of the river in northeastern India. Oct 13, 2014
Add new Web site: IndiaNetzone - Brahmaputra River. Apr 01, 2013
Bibliography updated. Mar 06, 2009
Article thoroughly revised and updated; photographs added. Mar 06, 2009
Added new Web site: How Stuff Works - Geography - The Brahmaputra River. Jul 08, 2008
Article added to new online database. Jul 26, 1999
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