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How did ethnic conflicts in western Assam affect Manas National Park, and how did the park recover?

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The armed insurgency associated with the demand for greater political autonomy of the Bodo peoples of western Assam led to extensive damages to the wildlife and ecosystem of Manas National Park between the mid- to late 1980s and 2003. The populations of tigers, rhinoceroses, and swamp deer were severely depleted, and the park was put on the World Heritage in Danger list by UNESCO in 1992. The park’s recovery started after the creation of the Bodoland Territorial Council in 2003 and gradual resolution of the ongoing conflict. As part of the conservation initiatives, former poachers were engaged in monitoring and patrolling the park, infrastructure was improved, and wildlife relocation programs were launched. This led to the park’s removal from UNESCO’s World Heritage in Danger list in 2011.