Prime Ministers, SAL-SĂĄ
Prime minister, also called premier, the head of government in a country with a parliamentary or semipresidential political system. In such systems, the prime ministerâliterally the âfirst,â or most important, ministerâmust be able to command a continuous majority in the legislature (usually the lower house in a bicameral system) to remain in office.
Prime Ministers Encyclopedia Articles By Title
Salandra, Antonio
Antonio Salandra was an Italian statesman who was premier at the beginning of World War I (1914â16). Salandra was......
Salazar, AntĂłnio de Oliveira
AntĂłnio de Oliveira Salazar was a Portuguese economist, who served as prime minister of Portugal for 36 years (1932â68).......
Salem, Mamdouh Muhammad
Mamdouh Muhammad Salem was an Egyptian politician who served as prime minister of Egypt during Pres. Anwar el-SÄdÄtâs......
Salisbury, Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd marquess of, Earl Of SalisburyViscount Cranborne, Baron Cecil Of Essendon
Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd marquess of Salisbury was a Conservative political leader who was a three-time......
Sall, Macky
Macky Sall is a Senegalese geologist and politician who served as prime minister (2004â07) and as president (2012â24)......
Samak Sundaravej
Samak Sundaravej was a Thai journalist and politician who served as prime minister of Thailand for several months......
Samaras, Antonis
Antonis Samaras is a Greek politician who served as prime minister of Greece (2012â15). Samaras was born into an......
Sangay, Lobsang
Lobsang Sangay is a Tibetan scholar and political leader who became prime minister in the Tibetan Central Administration,......
Sankara, Thomas
Thomas Sankara was a military officer and proponent of Pan-Africanism who was installed as president of Upper Volta......
Santer, Jacques
Jacques Santer is a Luxembourgian politician who served as prime minister of Luxembourg (1984â95) and president......
SaracoÄlu, ĆĂŒkrĂŒ
ĆĂŒkrĂŒ SaracoÄlu was a statesman who served as prime minister of the Turkish republic from 1942 to 1946. Having......
Sarit Thanarat
Sarit Thanarat was a field marshal and premier in a military government of Thailand from 1958 to 1963. Sarit studied......
Sarraut, Albert
Albert Sarraut was a French Radical Socialist statesman most noted for his colonial policy and liberal rule as......
SatĆ Eisaku
SatĆ Eisaku was the prime minister of Japan between 1964 and 1972, who presided over Japanâs post-World War II......
Savage, Michael Joseph
Michael Joseph Savage was a statesman who, as New Zealandâs first Labour prime minister (1935â40), won public support......
Saw, U
U Saw was a Burmese political leader who conspired in the assassination of Aung San, the resistance leader who......
Saxecoburggotski, Simeon
Simeon Saxecoburggotski is the last king of Bulgaria, reigning as a child from 1943 to 1946 as Simeon II. He later......
Scelba, Mario
Mario Scelba was an Italian lawyer and Christian Democrat politician who was premier from 1954 to 1955. A graduate......
Schreiner, William Philip
William Philip Schreiner was a Southern African politician who was prime minister of Cape Colony at the outbreak......
Schuman, Robert
Robert Schuman was a Luxembourgian-born French statesman who founded the European Coal and Steel Community and......
Schwarzenberg, Felix, Prince (FĂŒrst) zu
Felix, prince zu Schwarzenberg was an Austrian statesman who restored the Habsburg empire as a great European power......
Scullin, James Henry
James Henry Scullin was a statesman and leader of the Australian Labor Party who as prime minister guided the country......
Seddon, Richard John
Richard John Seddon was a New Zealand statesman who as prime minister (1893â1906) led a Liberal Party ministry......
Segni, Antonio
Antonio Segni was an Italian statesman, twice premier (1955â57, 1959â60), and the fourth president (1962â64) of......
Senanayake, D S
D. S. Senanayake was the first prime minister of Ceylon (1947â52) when the country became independent of Great......
Sewell, Henry
Henry Sewell was a British colonizer and politician who served as the first premier of New Zealand (1856) after......
Shafiq, Ahmed
Ahmed Shafiq is an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as prime minister from January to March......
Shamir, Yitzáž„ak
Yitzáž„ak Shamir was a Polish-born Zionist leader and prime minister of Israel in 1983â84 and 1986â90 (in alliance......
Sharett, Moshe
Moshe Sharett was an Israeli Zionist leader and politician who was prime minister of Israel from 1953 to 1955.......
Sharif, Nawaz
Nawaz Sharif is a Pakistani businessman and politician who served as prime minister in 1990â93, 1997â99, and 2013â17.......
Sharif, Shehbaz
Shehbaz Sharif is a Pakistani businessman and politician, and the second brother of his family to serve as prime......
Sharif-Emami, Jafar
Jafar Sharif-Emami was an Iranian politician and close confidant of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi who twice served......
Sharon, Ariel
Ariel Sharon was an Israeli general and politician, whose public life was marked by brilliant but controversial......
Shastri, Lal Bahadur
Lal Bahadur Shastri was an Indian independence activist and statesman who served as the second prime minister of......
Shehu, Mehmet
Mehmet Shehu was an Albanian politician who served as interior minister (1948â54) and chairman of the Council of......
Sheikh Mohammed ibn Rashid Al Maktoum
Sheikh Mohammed ibn Rashid Al Maktoum is the vice president (2006â ) and prime minister (2006â ) of the United......
Shidehara KijĆ«rĆ
Shidehara KijĆ«rĆ was a Japanese diplomat, statesman, and prime minister for a brief period after World War II (1945â46).......
Shinawatra, Paetongtarn
Paetongtarn Shinawatra is a Thai businesswoman and politician who served as the 31st prime minister of Thailand......
Shinawatra, Thaksin
Thaksin Shinawatra is a Thai politician and businessman who served as prime minister of Thailand from 2001 to 2006.......
Shinawatra, Yingluck
Yingluck Shinawatra is a Thai businesswoman and politician who was prime minister of Thailand from 2011 to 2014.......
Shipley, Jennifer
Jennifer Shipley is a New Zealand politician who was New Zealandâs first female prime minister (1997â99). After......
Sidmouth, Henry Addington, 1st Viscount
Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth was a British prime minister from March 1801 to May 1804. Honest but unimaginative......
SigurĂ°ardĂłttir, JĂłhanna
JĂłhanna SigurĂ°ardĂłttir was an Icelandic politician who served as prime minister of Iceland from 2009 to 2013. She......
Sikorski, WĆadysĆaw
WĆadysĆaw Sikorski was a Polish soldier and statesman who led Polandâs government in exile during World War II.......
Simitis, Costas
Costas Simitis was a legal scholar and politician who served as the prime minister of Greece from 1996 to 2004.......
Simon, Jules
Jules Simon was a French political leader, philosopher, and theorist of the French Radical Party who as premier......
Simpson Miller, Portia
Portia Simpson Miller is a Jamaican politician who served as the countryâs first female prime minister (2006â07;......
Singh, Charan
Charan Singh was an Indian politician who served briefly as prime minister (July 1979âJanuary 1980), representing......
Singh, Manmohan
Manmohan Singh was an Indian economist and politician who served as prime minister of India from 2004 to 2014.......
Singh, V.P.
V.P. Singh was a politician and government official who was prime minister of India in 1989â90. Singh studied at......
Sjahrir, Sutan
Sutan Sjahrir was an influential Indonesian nationalist and prime minister who favoured the adoption of Western......
Skrzynecki, Jan Zygmunt
Jan Zygmunt Skrzynecki was a Polish general who organized the Polish army in the revolution of 1830. After completing......
SkrzyĆski, Aleksander
Aleksander SkrzyĆski was a Polish statesman, foreign minister of Poland in different governments from 1922 to 1925,......
Smallwood, Joseph Roberts
Joseph Roberts Smallwood was a Canadian politician who vigorously campaigned for Newfoundlandâs admission into......
Smith, Ian
Ian Smith was the first native-born prime minister of the British colony of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and......
Smuts, Jan
Jan Smuts was a South African statesman, soldier, and prime minister (1919â24, 1939â48), who sought to promote......
Soares, MĂĄrio
MĂĄrio Soares was a Portuguese politician and lawyer who in 1986 became Portugalâs first elected civilian head of......
Sonko, Ousmane
Ousmane Sonko is a Senegalese politician and former prime minister (2024â26) who has served as president of Senegalâs......
Sonnino, Sidney, Barone
Sidney, Baron Sonnino was an Italian statesman who as foreign minister promoted his countryâs entrance into World......
Souvanna Phouma
Souvanna Phouma was the premier of Laos known for having sought, throughout several terms in office, to maintain......
Spaak, Paul-Henri
Paul-Henri Spaak was Belgiumâs foremost statesman in the decades following World War II and a leading advocate......
Spencer, Baldwin
Baldwin Spencer is an Antiguan trade unionist and politician who served as prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda......
Squires, Sir Richard Anderson
Sir Richard Anderson Squires was a controversial prime minister of Newfoundland (1919â23; 1928â32) who gained a......
Stafford, Sir Edward William
Sir Edward William Stafford was a landowner and statesman who served three times as prime minister of New Zealand......
Stalin, Joseph
Joseph Stalin was the secretary-general of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922â53) and premier of the......
Stamboliyski, AleksandĆr
AleksandĆr Stamboliyski was the leader of the Agrarian Party in Bulgaria, supporter of the Allied cause during......
Stambolov, Stefan Nikolov
Stefan Nikolov Stambolov was a statesman who from 1887 to 1894 served as the despotic prime minister of Bulgaria;......
Stanfield, Robert L.
Robert L. Stanfield was a Canadian politician who, as leader of the Progressive Conservative Association in Nova......
Starmer, Keir
Keir Starmer is a British politician and barrister (lawyer) who served as leader of the Labour Party (2020â26)......
Stauning, Thorvald
Thorvald Stauning was a Danish Social Democratic statesman who as prime minister (1924â26, 1929â42) widened the......
Stein, Karl, Reichsfreiherr vom und zum
Karl, Reichsfreiherr vom und zum Stein was a Rhinelander-born Prussian statesman, chief minister of Prussia (1807â08),......
SteinbrĂŒck, Peer
Peer SteinbrĂŒck is a German politician who was the candidate of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) for......
Stemann, Poul Christian
Poul Christian Stemann was a Danish premier who championed absolute monarchy against the rising tide of liberal......
Stevens, Siaka
Siaka Stevens was a Sierra Leonean prime minister (1967 and 1968â71) and president (1971â85) who survived in office......
Stoiber, Edmund
Edmund Stoiber is a German politician who was leader of Bavariaâs Christian Social Union (CSU) from 1999 to 2007.......
Stoilov, Konstantin
Konstantin Stoilov was a Bulgarian statesman, founder and leader of the conservative Peopleâs Party, and prime......
StojadinoviÄ, Milan
Milan StojadinoviÄ was a Serbian politician, Yugoslav minister of finance from 1922 to 1926, and premier and foreign......
Stoltenberg, Jens
Jens Stoltenberg is a Norwegian Labour Party politician who served as prime minister of Norway (2000â01, 2005â13)......
Stolypin, Pyotr Arkadyevich
Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin was a conservative statesman who, after the Russian Revolution of 1905, initiated far-reaching......
Stout, Sir Robert
Sir Robert Stout was a New Zealand statesman and judge who helped unify the Liberal Party during the late 1870s;......
Strijdom, Johannes Gerhardus
Johannes Gerhardus Strijdom was the prime minister of the Union of South Africa (1954â58) noted for his uncompromising......
Stubb, Alexander
Alexander Stubb is the president of Finland (2024â ). Stubb is the first person from Finlandâs Swedish-speaking......
Sturdza, Dimitrie Alexandru
Dimitrie Alexandru Sturdza was a Romanian statesman who four times served as prime minister of Romania and played......
Sturmer, Boris Vladimirovich
Boris Vladimirovich Sturmer was a Russian public official, who served as prime minister, minister of the interior,......
StĂŒrgkh, Karl, Count (Graf) von
Karl, count von StĂŒrgkh was an Austrian prime minister (1911â16) whose authoritarian regime was ended by his assassination.......
Suchocka, Hanna
Hanna Suchocka was a Polish politician who served as the first woman prime minister of Poland (1992â93). The daughter......
Sudani, Mohammed Shia al-
Mohammed Shia al-Sudani is an Iraqi politician and a former prime minister of Iraq (2022â26). Despite belonging......
Suga Yoshihide
Suga Yoshihide is a Japanese politician who served as leader of the Liberal-Democratic Party of Japan (LDP) and......
Sulh, Riad al-
Riad al-Sulh was a Lebanese statesman who before World War II was several times sentenced to death for nationalist......
Suminwa, Judith
Judith Suminwa is a Congolese economist and politician who has served as prime minister of the Democratic Republic......
Sunak, Rishi
Rishi Sunak is a British politician and financier who became the leader of the Conservative Party and prime minster......
Suzuki KantarĆ, Danshaku
Danshaku Suzuki KantarĆ was the last premier (AprilâAugust 1945) of Japan during World War II, who was forced to......
Suzuki ZenkĆ
Suzuki ZenkĆ was the prime minister of Japan (1980â82), who worked closely with the United States and other Western......
SuĂĄrez GonzĂĄlez, Adolfo
Adolfo SuĂĄrez GonzĂĄlez was a Spanish politician who, as prime minister of Spain (1976â81), worked closely with......
Sverdrup, Johan
Johan Sverdrup was a Norwegian statesman, prime minister (1884â89) of Norway in the first ministry of the Venstre......
Svinhufvud, Pehr Evind
Pehr Evind Svinhufvud was the first chief of state of independent Finland, as prime minister and then as president.......
Swan, John
John Swan is a Bermudan politician and longtime premier (1982â95) of Bermuda who resigned his post after losing......
Symonette, Sir Roland Theodore
Sir Roland Theodore Symonette was a Bahamian politician who served as the first premier of The Bahamas (1964â67).......
SzydĆo, Beata
Beata SzydĆo is a Polish politician who became prime minister of Poland after the Law and Justice (Prawo i SprawiedliwoĆÄ;......
SĂĄ Carneiro, Francisco
Francisco SĂĄ Carneiro was a Portuguese politician who served as prime minister of Portugal (1979â80). A lawyer......