Life Cycle, Processes & Properties, BAS-CAD
None of us are born looking exactly the way that we do today; this is because humans, like other species, undergo a series of changes as they mature and age, in accordance with their biological life cycle. This process can look very different across different species. In many simple organisms and in higher animals, the life cycle is completed within a single generation, while in most plants, the life cycle is multigenerational.
Life Cycle, Processes & Properties Encyclopedia Articles By Title
Basal rot
Basal rot, widespread plant disease caused by a variety of fungi and bacteria that can infect all flower and crop......
Batesian mimicry
Batesian mimicry, a form of biological resemblance in which a noxious, or dangerous, organism (the model), equipped......
Batten disease
Batten disease, rare and fatal neurodegenerative disease that begins in childhood. The disease is named for British......
bedsore
bedsore, an ulceration of skin and underlying tissue caused by pressure that limits the blood supply to the affected......
bejel
bejel, chronic infection characterized by eruptions initially in the mouth and on the skin and typically later......
Bell palsy
Bell palsy, abrupt paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face due to dysfunction of the seventh cranial nerve,......
Beneden, Edouard van
Edouard van Beneden was a Belgian embryologist and cytologist best known for his discoveries concerning fertilization......
Beneden, Pierre-Joseph van
Pierre-Joseph van Beneden was a parasitologist and paleontologist best known for his discovery of the life cycle......
berdache
berdache, early European designation for American Indians (in Canada called First Nations peoples) who did not......
beriberi
beriberi, nutritional disorder caused by a deficiency of thiamin (vitamin B1) and characterized by impairment of......
berry
berry, in botany, a simple fleshy fruit that usually has many seeds, such as the banana, grape, melon, orange,......
berylliosis
berylliosis, systemic industrial disease caused by poisoning with beryllium, usually involving the lungs but occasionally......
beta-aminoisobutyric acid excretion
beta-aminoisobutyric acid excretion, a metabolic process under simple genetic control in human beings and the higher......
biennial
biennial, any herbaceous flowering plant that completes its life cycle in two growing seasons. During the first......
bile
bile, greenish yellow secretion that is produced in the liver and passed to the gallbladder for concentration,......
biliary dyskinesia
biliary dyskinesia, obscure functional disorder related in some way to the workings of the biliary tract, the structures......
Bilin
Bilin, any biological pigment (biochrome) belonging to a series of yellow, green, red, or brown nonmetallic compounds......
Binary fission
Binary fission, asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies, often referred to as daughter......
Bioaccumulation
Bioaccumulation, the increase in the concentration of heavy metals or other toxic chemicals in a living organismās......
Biological development
Biological development, the progressive changes in size, shape, and function during the life of an organism by......
- Introduction
- Embryogenesis, Metamorphosis, Differentiation
- Structural, Functional, Growth
- Open Systems, Closed Systems, Development
- Morphogenesis, Cell Differentiation, Pattern Formation
- Self-Assembly, Morphogenesis, Units
- Control, Integration, Regulation
- Growth, Differentiation, Maturation
- Recapitulation, Ancestral, Stages
Biological rhythm
Biological rhythm, periodic biological fluctuation in an organism that corresponds to, and is in response to, periodic......
Bioluminescence
Bioluminescence, emission of light by an organism or by a laboratory biochemical system derived from an organism.......
bipedalism
bipedalism, a major type of locomotion, involving movement on two feet. The order Primates possesses some degree......
bipolar disorder
bipolar disorder, mental disorder characterized by recurrent depression or mania with abrupt or gradual onsets......
bird flu
bird flu, a viral respiratory disease mainly of poultry and certain other bird species, including migratory waterbirds,......
Birdsong
Birdsong, certain vocalizations of birds, characteristic of males during the breeding season, for the attraction......
birth
birth, process of bringing forth a child from the uterus, or womb. The prior development of the child in the uterus......
Bisexuality
Bisexuality, in biology, the condition of an organism capable of producing both male and female gametes (sex cells).......
Black knot
Black knot, serious and progressive fungal disease of wild and cultivated Prunus species in North America. Black......
black lung
black lung, respiratory disorder, a type of pneumoconiosis caused by repeated inhalation of coal dust over a period......
Black spot
Black spot, common disease of a variety of plants caused by species of Pseudomonas bacteria or by any number of......
blackhead
blackhead, acute liver and intestinal disease of turkeys, chickens, and other game birds, caused by the protozoan......
blackwater fever
blackwater fever, rare, yet dangerous, complication of malaria. It occurs almost exclusively with infection from......
bladder cancer
bladder cancer, disease characterized by the growth of malignant cells within the urinary bladder, the organ responsible......
blast injury
blast injury, any injury caused by a pressure wave, resulting primarily from exposure to an explosion. Blast injuries......
Blastema
Blastema, in zoology, a mass of undifferentiated cells that has the capability to develop into an organ or an appendage.......
blastocyst
blastocyst, a distinctive stage of a mammalian embryo. It is a form of blastula that develops from a berrylike......
blastomycosis
blastomycosis, infection of the lungs with fungal organisms of the genus Blastomyces. Blastomyces occur in the......
blastopore
blastopore, the opening by which the cavity of the gastrula, an embryonic stage in animal development, communicates......
blastula
blastula, hollow sphere of cells, or blastomeres, produced during the development of an embryo by repeated cleavage......
bleeding and blood clotting
bleeding and blood clotting, escape of blood from blood vessels into surrounding tissue and the process of coagulation......
blepharitis
blepharitis, common inflammation of the eyelids that is marked by red, scaly, crusting eyelids and a burning, itching,......
Blight
Blight, any of various plant diseases whose symptoms include sudden and severe yellowing, browning, spotting, withering,......
blind spot
blind spot, small portion of the visual field of each eye that corresponds to the position of the optic disk (also......
blind staggers
blind staggers, symptom of several unrelated animal diseases, in which the affected animal walks with an unsteady,......
blind, history of the
history of the blind, the experience of persons affected by blindness and the development of blind education and......
blindness
blindness, transient or permanent inability to see any light at all (total blindness) or to retain any useful vision......
blister
blister, a rounded elevation of the skin containing clear fluid, caused by a separation either between layers of......
blister rust
blister rust, any of several diseases of pine trees caused by rust fungi of the genus Cronartium. Blister rust......
bloat
bloat, disorder of ruminant animals involving distention of the rumen, the first of the four divisions of the stomach,......
blood disease
blood disease, any disease of the blood, involving the red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes),......
- Introduction
- Anemia, Causes, Symptoms
- Anemias, Normocytic, Normochromic
- Iron Deficiency, Anemia, Microcytic
- Polycythemia, Causes, Treatment
- Leukocytosis, Causes, Symptoms
- Leukemia, Cancer, Treatment
- Lymphoma, Leukemia, Anemia
- Vascular, Bleeding, Disorders
- Vitamin K Deficiency, Hemorrhage, Coagulation
blood doping
blood doping, use of substances or techniques that increase the number of circulating red blood cells (erythrocytes)......
bloodborne disease
bloodborne disease, any of a group of diseases caused by pathogens such as viruses or bacteria that are carried......
body dysmorphic disorder
body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), preoccupation with one or more perceived or imagined flaws in oneās physical appearance,......
Body heat
Body heat, thermal energy that is a by-product of metabolism in higher animals, especially noticeable in birds......
boil
boil, a staphylococcus skin infection characterized by an inflamed nodular swelling filled with pus, located at......
Bollworm
Bollworm, any larvae of various moths (order Lepidoptera), including the pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella,......
bolus
bolus, food that has been chewed and mixed in the mouth with saliva. Chewing helps to reduce food particles to......
bone cancer
bone cancer, disease characterized by uncontrolled growth of cells of the bone. Primary bone cancerāthat is, cancer......
bone conduction
bone conduction, the conduction of sound through the bones of the skull. Two types of bone conduction are recognized.......
bone cyst
bone cyst, benign bone tumour that is usually saclike and filled with fluid. Unicameral bone cysts affect the long......
bone disease
bone disease, any of the diseases or injuries that affect human bones. Diseases and injuries of bones are major......
borderline personality disorder
borderline personality disorder (BPD), mental illness characterized by chronic instability in the affected individualās......
Borna disease
Borna disease, a viral disease of warm-blooded animals, notably horses and sheep, characterized by inflammation......
botulinum toxin
botulinum toxin, poisonous protein made by Clostridium botulinum and several closely related species of bacteria......
botulism
botulism, paralytic syndrome caused by poisoning by botulinum toxin, a substance produced by Clostridium botulinum......
boutonneuse fever
boutonneuse fever, a mild typhuslike fever caused by the bacterium Rickettsia conorii conorii and transmitted by......
bovine spongiform encephalopathy
bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), a fatal neurodegenerative disease of cattle. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy......
brachiation
brachiation, in animal behaviour, specialized form of arboreal locomotion in which movement is accomplished by......
bradycardia
bradycardia, type of arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm) characterized by slowing of the heart rate to 60 beats......
brain cancer
brain cancer, the uncontrolled growth of cells in the brain. The term brain cancer refers to any of a variety of......
brain death
brain death, State of irreversible destruction of the brain. Before the invention of life-support systems, brain......
breast cancer
breast cancer, disease characterized by the growth of malignant cells in the mammary glands. Breast cancer affects......
breathing
breathing, the action of moving air or water across the surface of a respiratory structure, such as a gill or lung,......
breech birth
breech birth, in childbirth, position of the fetus in which the buttocks or feet are presented first. About 3 to......
Bright disease
Bright disease, inflammation of the structures in the kidney that produce urine: the glomeruli and the nephrons.......
bronchiectasis
bronchiectasis, an abnormal expansion of the bronchial tubes in the lungs as a result of infection or obstruction.......
bronchitis
bronchitis, inflammation of all or part of the bronchial tree (the bronchi), through which air passes into the......
brucellosis
brucellosis, infectious disease of humans and domestic animals characterized by an insidious onset of fever, chills,......
brucellosis spondylitis
brucellosis spondylitis, arthritis of the spine caused by infection with the bacterium Brucella, which spreads......
bruise
bruise, a visible bluish or purplish mark or patch occurring beneath the surface of unbroken skin, resulting from......
bubonic plague
bubonic plague, infectious disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. Although the most prevalent of the......
Buck
Buck, in zoology, the male of several animals, among them deer (except the sika and red deer, males of which are......
bud
bud, Small lateral or terminal protuberance on the stem of a vascular plant that may develop into a flower, leaf,......
Budding
Budding, in biology, a form of asexual reproduction in which a new individual develops from some generative anatomical......
Buergerās disease
Buergerās disease, inflammation of the peripheral arteries primarily, which occurs chiefly in men from adolescence......
bufotoxin
bufotoxin, a moderately potent poison secreted in the skin of many anuran amphibians, especially the typical toads......
bulb
bulb, in botany, a modified stem that is the resting stage of certain seed plants, particularly perennial monocotyledons.......
bulimia nervosa
bulimia nervosa, eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by inappropriate attempts to compensate......
Bull
Bull, in animal husbandry, the mature, uncastrated male of domesticated cattle. See also bull cult and...
bullous pemphigoid
bullous pemphigoid, a chronic, generalized skin disorder characterized by an eruption of serum-filled vesicles......
bunion
bunion, type of bursitis that appears as a bulge covered by thickened skin occurring at the base of the big toe,......
Bunt
Bunt, fungal disease of wheat, rye, and other grasses. Infection by Tilletia tritici (formerly T. caries) or T.......
Burkitt lymphoma
Burkitt lymphoma, a cancer of the lymphatic system that has an especially high incidence in equatorial Africa among......
burn
burn, damage caused to the body by contact with flames, hot substances, certain chemicals, radiation (sunlight,......
Burrowing
Burrowing, locomotion of a type found in both terrestrial and aquatic animal groups. Some fossorial animals dig......
bursitis
bursitis, inflammation of a synovial bursa, the lubricating sac located around joints or between tendons and muscles......
byssinosis
byssinosis, respiratory disorder caused by inhalation of an endotoxin produced by bacteria in the fibres of cotton.......
cabbage looper
cabbage looper, (Trichoplusia ni), distinctive green, white-lined larva, or caterpillar, in the owlet moth family......
cadmium poisoning
cadmium poisoning, toxic effects of cadmium or its compounds on body tissues and functions. Poisoning may result......