al-Ghazālī: References & Edit History
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Additional Reading
W.M. Watt, Muslim Intellectual: A Study of al-Ghazālī (1963), deals with his life and the development of his thought. Still of value is D.B. MacDonald, “The Life of al-Ghazālī with Special Reference to His Religious Experience and Opinions,” Journal of the American Oriental Society, 20:71–132 (1899). M. Smith, Al-Ghazālī the Mystic (1944), is good for his mysticism but treats some dubious works as authentic. On this point, see W.M. Watt, “The Authenticity of the Works Attributed to al-Ghazālī,” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, pp. 24–45 (1952).
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Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anniversary information added. | Jan 01, 2026 | ||
| Anniversary information added. | Dec 14, 2025 | ||
| First paragraph modernization. | Mar 06, 2024 | ||
| Invalidated site: Center for Islam and Science - Biography of Muhammad al-Ghazali. | Apr 06, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: Famous Philosophers - Al-Ghazali. | Feb 07, 2021 | ||
| Clarified that the Assassins, against whom al-Ghazālī wrote a polemic, were of the Nizārī Ismāʿīliyyah sect. | Jul 15, 2020 | ||
| Add new Web site: Online Library of Liberty - Biography of Al Ghazali. | Feb 07, 2019 | ||
| Add new Web site: Jewish Virtual Library - Biography of Abu Ḥamid Muḥammad Ibn Muḥammad Al-Tūsī Al-�Ghazālī. | Jun 02, 2014 | ||
| Add new Web site: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Biography of Al-Ghazali. | Mar 04, 2013 | ||
| Added new Web site: Center for Islam and Science - Biography of Muhammad al-Ghazali. | Dec 07, 2007 | ||
| Added new Web site: Biography of Al-Ghazzali. | Nov 30, 2006 | ||
| Article added to new online database. | Jul 20, 1998 |
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