Mary: References & Edit History

Additional Reading

The role of Mary in Christian theology is considered in Jaroslav Pelikan, Mary Through the Centuries: Her Place in the History of Culture (1998); Carl E. Braaten and Robert W. Jenson, Mary, Mother of God (2004); Miri Rubin, Mother of God: A History of the Virgin Mary (2010); Frederica Mathewes-Green, Mary As the Early Christians Knew Her: The Mother of Jesus in Three Ancient Texts (2013); and Michael Hesemann, Mary of Nazareth: History, Archaeology, Legends (2016).

Article Contributors

Primary Contributors

  • Jaroslav Jan Pelikan
  • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
    Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.

Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors

Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Modified link of Web site: ABC - Religion and Ethics - Mary, the Mother of God: What it means to believe in the virgin birth. Apr 16, 2026
Add new Web site: Learn Religions - Who Is the Virgin Mary? Feb 16, 2026
Add new Web site: ABC - Religion and Ethics - Mary, the Mother of God: What it means to believe in the virgin birth. Dec 10, 2025
Noted Vatican document rejecting the titles “mediatrix” and “co-redemptrix.” Nov 05, 2025
Add new Web site: BYU ScholarsArchive - Mary the Mother of Jesus (PDF). Oct 03, 2025
Add new Web site: World History Encyclopedia - Mary, Mother of Jesus. Feb 15, 2025
Media added Nov 14, 2024
Media added. Nov 14, 2024
Modernized language throughout. Added cross-references. Nov 04, 2024
First paragraph modernization. Mar 26, 2024
Media added. Nov 08, 2023
Links added. Jun 15, 2023
Add new Web site: Ancient Origins - Like a Virgin? The Controversial Account of Mary, Mother of Jesus. Apr 07, 2023
Add new Web site: McClintock and Strong Biblical Cyclopedia - Mary. Nov 11, 2022
Add new Web site: Catholic Online - Mary the Blessed Virgin. Aug 22, 2022
Add new Web site: Learn Religions - Meet Mary: Mother of Jesus. Feb 16, 2021
Noted that there are numerous Marian feast days. Dec 22, 2020
Media added. Dec 22, 2020
Bibliography thoroughly revised. Jan 31, 2018
Added the paintings The Virgin Mary Reading by Antonello da Messina and Madonna and Child by Fra Filippo Lippi. Jan 31, 2018
Media added. Feb 26, 2013
Add new Web site: ILoveIndia.com - Mother Mary. Feb 25, 2013
Media added. Feb 07, 2012
Added image of the sculpture Virgin and Child, also called the Poligny Virgin, attributed to Claus de Werve, 1420. Dec 09, 2010
Add new Web site: EnvironmentalChemistry.com - Neptunium. Sep 01, 2010
Media added. Sep 25, 2007
Added new Web site: CRW Flags - Flag of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Feb 01, 2007
Added new Web site: Buzzle.com - Drought. Feb 01, 2007
Added new Web site: EnvironmentalChemistry.com - Nickel. Feb 01, 2007
Added new Web site: Columbia University - Biography of Mary, Mother of Jesus. Feb 01, 2007
Added new Web site: Official Tourism Site of Azores, Portugal. Feb 01, 2007
Added new Web site: Catholic Encyclopedia - Devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary. Jan 23, 2007
Article revised and updated. Jan 08, 2007
Added new Web site: The Catholic Encyclopedia - The Blessed Virgin Mary. Nov 03, 2006
Article revised. May 17, 2002
Article added to new online database. Jul 20, 1998
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