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Gustavus Adolphus
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Gustav Adolphus Historical map of Central Europe showing territorial changes resulting from the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 at the end of the Thirty Years' War. Areas transferred to Sweden, Brandenburg, Transylvania, Saxony, France, the United Provinces, Bavaria, and Poland are color-coded. The map also marks the boundary of the Holy Roman Empire, key battle sites, and the route of Gustavus Adolphus's campaign from 1631 to 1632. Major cities, rivers, and neighboring countries such as France, Poland, Sweden, and
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Gustav II Adolf summary
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Napoleon Bonaparte. Napoleon in Coronation Robes or Napoleon I Emperor of France, 1804 by Baron Francois Gerard or Baron Francois-Pascal-Simon Gerard, from the Musee National, Chateau de Versailles.
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Gustavus Adolphus: References & Edit History

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The standard work in English is Michael Roberts, Gustavus Adolphus: A History of Sweden 1611–1632, 2 vol. (1953–58), which contains a very full bibliography. Nils Ahnlund, Gustav Adolf the Great (1940), is a classic study of selected aspects of the reign by the leading Swedish authority. Discussions of the king’s motives and objectives for intervention in the Thirty Years’ War are Michael Roberts, Essays in Swedish History (1967), which also includes studies of his significance for the art of war and of the constitutional implications of the reign, and Gustavus Adolphus and the Rise of Sweden (1973).

Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Modified link of Web site: HistoryNet - A True Warrior-King: Gustavus II Adolphus. Mar 09, 2026
Add new Web site: Warfare History Network - Gustavus Adolphus: Lion of the North. Jan 27, 2026
Anniversary information added. Dec 05, 2025
Anniversary information added. Nov 02, 2025
Add new Web site: Heritage History - Gustavus Adolphus. May 05, 2025
Add new Web site: World History Encyclopedia - Biography of Gustavus Adolphus. Jul 09, 2024
First paragraph modernization. Mar 11, 2024
Add new Web site: HistoryNet - A True Warrior-King: Gustavus II Adolphus. Oct 21, 2019
Add new Web site: The Vasa Museum - Biography of Gustav II Adolf. Jan 14, 2019
Changed title from "Gustav II Adolf" to "Gustavus Adolphus." Aug 28, 2018
Changed title of the "Assessment" section to "Legacy." Nov 15, 2017
Changed spelling of place-name "Goteborg" to "Gothenburg." Dec 31, 2009
Added new Web site: The History Learning Site - Gustavus Adolphus. Aug 24, 2007
Bibliography revised. Dec 01, 2006
Article revised and updated. Dec 01, 2006
Article added to new online database. Jul 20, 1998
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