Gregory La Cava

Gregory La Cava (born March 10, 1892, Towanda, Pennsylvania, U.S.—died March 1, 1952, Los Angeles, California) was an American film director best known for his screwball comedies, especially My Man Godfrey (1936) and Stage Door (1937).

Early life and work

La Cava attended the Art Institute of Chicago and the Art Students League of New York. He later worked as a cartoonist for newspapers such as the Evening World, and by 1917 he was heading the International Film Service (IFS), an animated cartoon studio founded by William Randolph Hearst. There La Cava collaborated with noted animator Walter Lantz. After IFS closed in 1918, La Cava continued to make animated shorts, eventually directing more than 100, some of which were based on the Katzenjammer Kids and Mutt and Jeff comic strips.

In the early 1920s, La Cava transitioned to live-action productions, writing and directing two-reel comedy shorts and features, and in 1924 he signed with Paramount. His silents, several of which he also produced, included So’s Your Old Man (1926) and Running Wild (1927), both with W.C. Fields; Half a Bride (1928) with Gary Cooper; and Feel My Pulse (1928) with William Powell.

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La Cava left Paramount in 1929 and made Saturday’s Children (1929) for First National before signing with Pathé, where he directed Big News (1929) and His First Command (1929). When RKO merged with Pathé in 1931, the studio inherited La Cava as well. Unsurprisingly, his first films for RKO were comedies: Laugh and Get Rich (1931), which he also wrote, and Smart Woman (1931), an early screwball farce starring Mary Astor. He turned to more serious fare with Symphony of Six Million (1932), an adaptation of a Fannie Hurst story about a doctor (played by Ricardo Cortez) who makes a fatal mistake during an operation but regains his confidence through the support of his girlfriend (Irene Dunne). The Age of Consent (1932) centres on a college romance.

Heyday

Although his previous films had been solid productions, The Half-Naked Truth (1932) was La Cava’s first major success, and it was in the genre that he would be most closely associated: screwball comedy. The movie cast Lee Tracy as a carnival barker who turns an exotic dancer (Lupe Velez) into a celebrity by passing her off as a Turkish princess. La Cava next directed the surprise hit Gabriel over the White House (1933) for MGM. The Capraesque fantasy centres on a newly elected U.S. president (Walter Huston), modeled on Warren G. Harding, who receives a heavenly vision following a near-fatal car crash. He subsequently abandons his corrupt and partisan ways to press for an end to war, crime, and poverty. La Cava’s last picture for RKO was Bed of Roses (1933), an uneven romantic drama about former reform-school girls who are searching for wealthy men.

La Cava’s relationship with his bosses at RKO had been stormy, and he left the studio in 1933 to become a freelancer. After signing a two-picture deal with Twentieth Century Pictures, he made the melodrama Gallant Lady (1933) and The Affairs of Cellini (1934), a costume romp starring Fredric March as a 16th-century artist and ladies’ man. What Every Woman Knows (1934) was an adept adaptation of the J.M. Barrie play; Helen Hayes reprised her stage role as the canny wife who props up her rather dim politician husband (Brian Aherne). In 1935 La Cava made two films with Claudette Colbert: Private Worlds, a drama about doctors in a mental institution that also starred Charles Boyer, and the comedy She Married Her Boss.

Much more impressive was My Man Godfrey (1936), a quintessential screwball comedy. It featured definitive performances by Powell as Godfrey, a homeless man, and Carole Lombard as Irene Bullock, a flighty heiress who hires him as her family’s butler. During the course of the film, Irene falls in love with Godfrey, who turns out to be wealthy; following an unhappy romance, a depressed Godfrey had joined the “forgotten men” after being inspired by their optimism. The film was a major hit with moviegoers, and it received six Oscar nominations, including a best director nod for La Cava. He had even greater success with Stage Door (1937), an acclaimed adaptation of the Edna Ferber–George S. Kaufman play about a boardinghouse for aspiring actresses. The comedy boasted a stellar cast—including Katharine Hepburn, Ginger Rogers, Lucille Ball, and Adolphe Menjou—and a number of memorable scenes, many of which were the result of improvisation, which the director encouraged on most of his productions. The film received an Oscar nomination for best picture, and La Cava again earned a nod for his direction.

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Later films

After the huge success of Stage Door, La Cava’s career began to decline. His next film, Fifth Avenue Girl (1939), was a middling reworking of My Man Godfrey. Slightly better was Primrose Path (1940), a melodrama starring Rogers against type as the daughter of a prostitute (Marjorie Rambeau) and an alcoholic (Miles Mander) who yearns for respectability. La Cava then reteamed with Dunne for the comedies Unfinished Business (1941) and Lady in a Jam (1942); both, however, were disappointments. After a five-year absence, La Cava returned to the big screen with his last credited film, Living in a Big Way (1947). The laboured musical, which starred Gene Kelly and featured a script by La Cava, ran over budget and failed at the box office.

Long a heavy drinker, La Cava became increasingly unreliable. He began work on the Ava Gardner comedy One Touch of Venus (1948) but was replaced by William A. Seiter. La Cava received no further assignments, and in 1952 he died of a heart attack.