Claude Bernard: References & Edit History

Additional Reading

J.M.D. Olmsted, Claude Bernard, Physiologist (1938), is the fullest biography; it may be supplemented by J.M.D. Olmsted and E. Harris Olmsted, Claude Bernard & the Experimental Method in Medicine (1952, reissued 1961); Reino Virtanen, Claude Bernard and His Place in the History of Ideas (1960); and Frederic Lawrence Holmes, Claude Bernard and Animal Chemistry: The Emergence of a Scientist (1974), treating his work during the period 1842–48.

Article Contributors

Primary Contributors

  • Reino Virtanen
  • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
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Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Anniversary information added. Feb 06, 2026
Anniversary information added. Jul 08, 2025
First paragraph modernization. Apr 17, 2024
Add new Web site: Famous Biologists - Claude Bernard. Jul 04, 2022
Add new Web site: Famous Scientists - Biography of Claude Bernard. May 08, 2019
Add new Web site: Diapedia - Biography of Claude Bernard. Mar 06, 2017
Add new Web site: Science Museum - Biography of Claude Bernard. Oct 30, 2013
Added images of Claude Bernard. Jan 28, 2011
Article added to new online database. Jul 20, 1998
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