Blaise Pascal: References & Edit History
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Additional Reading
A standard edition of Pascalâs works is Ćuvres de Blaise Pascal, ed. by LĂ©on Brunschvicg, Pierre Boutroux, and FĂ©lix Gazier, 14 vol. (1904â14, reprinted 1978). It has been replaced in part by Oeuvres complĂštes, ed. by Jean Mesnard (1964â ); and by PensĂ©es: Notes on Religion and Other Subjects, ed. by Louis Lafuma (1973; originally published in French, 3rd ed., 1960). Other editions include H.F. Stewart (ed. and trans.), Pascalâs PensĂ©es (1950, reissued 1965), containing an English translation; and H.F. Stewart (ed.), Les Provinciales (1920, reissued 1951).
Biographical studies include A.J. Krailsheimer, Pascal (1980), an introductory text for the general reader; Lucien Jerphagnon, Le CaractĂšre de Pascal (1962); Jean Mesnard, Pascal (1969, originally published in French, 1965), an excellent work with bibliography, and Pascal et les Roannez, 2 vol. (1965); and Philippe Sellier, Pascal et Saint Augustin (1970). Robert J. Nelson, Pascal: Adversary and Advocate (1981), a biography, concentrates on linguistics, theology, and personal development. Critical works include Ămile Cailliet, The Clue to Pascal (1943, reissued 1970), and Blaise Pascal, lâhomme et lâoeuvre (1956), a collection of articles and discussions from the proceedings of a congress on Pascal; Jan Miel, Pascal and Theology (1969), a study of his theology of grace; Hugh M. Davidson, The Origins of Certainty (1979), an introduction to the PensĂ©es; and Richard Parish, Pascalâs Lettres Provinciales: A Study in Polemic (1989), a discussion focusing on the method of debate in this work.
Major Works
Mathematics, logic, and the foundations of science
Essai pour les coniques (1640); Lettre sur le sujet de la machine inventĂ©e par le sieur B.P. pour faire toutes sortes dâopĂ©ration dâarithmĂ©tique (1645); De lâautoritĂ© en matiĂšre de philosophie, the first editorâs title of Pascalâs preface to a projected TraitĂ© du vuide, consisting of a general statement of the principle of scientific research (written 1647, printed 1779); TraitĂ© du triangle arithmĂ©tique avec quelques autres petits traitĂ©s sur la mĂȘme matiĂšre (written 1654, printed 1665); De lâesprit gĂ©omĂ©triqueâde lâart de persuader (written c. 1658, first printed in two parts 1728 and 1776); Histoire de la roulette, appellĂ©e autrement trochoĂŻde ou cycloĂŻde (1658); Lettres de A. Dettonville, contenant quelques-unes de ses inventions de gĂ©omĂ©trie (1658â59).
Physics
ExpĂ©riences nouvelles touchant le vuide (1647); RĂ©cit de la grande expĂ©rience de lâĂ©quilibre des liqueurs (1648); Traites de lâĂ©quilibre des liqueurs et de la pesanteur de la masse de lâair (written 1651, printed 1663; The Physical Treatises of Pascal: The Equilibrium of Liquids and the Weight of the Mass of the Air, 1937).
Religious philosophy and controversy
AbrĂ©gĂ© de la vie de JĂ©sus-Christ (written 1654 or 1655, printed 1846); Lettre escritte Ă un Provincial par un de ses amis sur le sujet des disputes prĂ©sentes de la Sorbonne (January 1656, followed by 17 more pamphlets on the same themes down to March 1657), all 18 being subsequently republished together as Les Provinciales (1657; augmented edition, with supplementary pamphlets, 1659); Projet de mandement contre lâApologie pour les casuistes (written 1658, printed 1779); Ecrits sur la grĂące (four treatises drafted between 1656 and 1658 and printed from 1779 onward); PensĂ©es de M. Pascal sur la religion et sur quelques autres sujets (1670; the first Eng. trans. was Monsieur Pascalâs Thoughts, Meditations, and Prayers, 1688; numerous new translations and versions have appeared since then); PriĂšre pur demander Ă Dieu le bon usages des maladies (written 1659, printed 1666 and 1670).
Other works
Trois discours sur la condition des grands (comprised 1660, printed 1670). Collected editions of Pascalâs works include letters of mathematical or spiritual interest.
Collected editions
Considerable editions of Pascalâs Oeuvres complĂštes were undertaken by the AbbĂ© Charles Bossut, 5 vol. (1779); and by LĂ©on Brunschvicg, Pierre Boutroux, and FĂ©lix Gazier, 14 vol. (1908â25). The handiest edition is by Louis Lafuma, lâIntĂ©grale (1960). Collections in English include The Miscellaneous Writings of Pascal (1849); Thoughts, Letters, Minor Works (1910); and Provincial Letters, PensĂ©es, Scientific Treatises, EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica âGreat Books of the Western Worldâ (1952).
Article Contributors
Primary Contributors
- Lucien Jerphagnon
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Jean Orcibal
Director of Studies, Religious Sciences Division, Institute for Advanced Research, Paris.
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The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
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Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Invalidated site: Famous Scientists - Blaise Pascal. | Sep 24, 2026 | ||
| Anniversary information added. | Aug 15, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: Humanities LibreTexts - Blaise Pascal. | Jul 23, 2026 | ||
| Anniversary information added. | Jun 15, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: C.S. Lewis Institute - Profiles in Faith: Blaise Pascal. | May 01, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: ABC Religion and Ethics - The alchemy of suffering: Blaise Pascal and the transformation of despair into love. | Jan 31, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: Online Library of Liberty - Blaise Pascal. | Dec 18, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: Westmont College - Blaise Pascal. | Nov 08, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: Academia - The Life and Faith of Blaise Pascal (PDF). | Jun 12, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: Minnesota Libraries Publishing Project - Words of Wisdom: Intro to Philosophy - Blaise Pascal. | Mar 19, 2025 | ||
| Questions and answers added. | Feb 11, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: BBC Sounds - In Our Time - Pascal. | Jan 31, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: Heriot-Watt University - School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences - About Pascal. | Nov 22, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: McClintock and Strong Biblical Cyclopedia - Blaise Pascal. | Jul 26, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: Texas A and M university Technology Services - Blaise Pascal: Mathematician, Inventor, Philosopher. | May 30, 2024 | ||
| First paragraph modernization. | Apr 23, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: World History Encyclopedia - Blaise Pascal. | Apr 08, 2024 | ||
| Added painting of Pascal. | Feb 29, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: Christianity Today - Blaise Pascal. | Oct 20, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: History-Computer - Blaise Pascal ïżœ Complete Biography, History and Inventions. | May 03, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Trinity College Dublin - School of mathematics - Blaise Pascal (1623 - 1662). | Feb 21, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Catholic Online - Biography of St. Padre Pio. | Jan 13, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: University of California, Berkeley - Department of Mathematics - Blaise Pascal - Life. | Nov 18, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Blaise Pascal. | Oct 30, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: Lemelson MIT - Blaise Pascal. | Apr 04, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: Famous Scientists - Blaise Pascal. | Feb 05, 2021 | ||
| Added an illustration of the Pascaline. | Jan 28, 2021 | ||
| Add new Web site: The Story of Mathematics - Blaise Pascal. | Nov 14, 2019 | ||
| Corrected display issue. | Jan 03, 2018 | ||
| Changed title of the "Assessment" section to "Legacy." | Nov 15, 2017 | ||
| Add new Web site: The King's Centre for Visualization in Science - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Dec 25, 2016 | ||
| Article revised. | Mar 30, 2016 | ||
| Add new Web site: History of Computers - The Pascaline of Blaise Pascal. | Nov 06, 2015 | ||
| Add new Web site: Christian Classics Ethereal Library - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Apr 25, 2014 | ||
| Add new Web site: The Galileo Project - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Apr 25, 2014 | ||
| Add new Web site: School of Mathematics of Trinity College Dublin - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Feb 14, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: Fordham University - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Feb 14, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: The European Graduate School - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Feb 14, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: Oregon State University - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Feb 14, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: University of Massachusetts Amherst - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Feb 14, 2013 | ||
| Add new Web site: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Feb 14, 2013 | ||
| Media added. | Aug 11, 2011 | ||
| Added new Web site: MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Apr 09, 2008 | ||
| Added new Web site: The Catholic Encyclopedia - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Nov 10, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Pascal's Wager. | Nov 03, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Online Math Applications - Blaise Pascal. | Aug 18, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Online Math Applications - Blaise Pascal. | Aug 18, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: The MacTutor History of Mathematics - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Jul 10, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Oregon State University - Biography of Blaise Pascal. | Jul 10, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Oregon State University - "Pensees" - by Blaise Pascal. | Jun 19, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Oregon State University - "Provincial Letters" - by Blaise Pascal. | Jun 19, 2006 | ||
| Article revised. | Apr 19, 2002 | ||
| Article added to new online database. | Jan 12, 2000 |