List of Poets Laureate of the United States
The position of poet laureate of the United States is somewhat different from that of Britain, where the title was first established in the 17th century. Whereas the British office renders the laureate a salaried member of the British royal household, the American poet laureate acts as the chair of poetry for the Library of Congress. The position of consultant in poetry was established in 1936 by an endowment from the author Archer M. Huntington, and the title of poet laureate was created in 1985. Although the British poet laureate is now free of specific poetic duties, the American poet laureate, who is appointed annually, is expected to present one major poetic work and to appear at certain national ceremonies. This list orders the laureates chronologically, from the first to the most recent. (See also List of Poets Laureate of Britain.)
- Joseph Auslander (1937β41)
- Allen Tate (1943β44)
- Robert Penn Warren (1944β45)
- Louise Bogan (1945β46)
- Karl Shapiro (1946β47)
- Robert Lowell, Jr. (1947β48)
- LΓ©onie Adams (1948β49)
- Elizabeth Bishop (1949β50)
- Conrad Aiken (1950β52)
- William Carlos Williams (1952; appointed but did not serve)
- Randall Jarrell (1956β58)
- Robert Frost (1958β59)
- Richard Eberhart (1959β61)
- Louis Untermeyer (1961β63)
- Howard Nemerov (1963β64)
- Reed Whittemore (1964β65)
- Stephen Spender (1965β66)
- James Dickey (1966β68)
- William Jay Smith (1968β70)
- William Stafford (1970β71)
- Josephine Jacobsen (1971β73)
- Daniel Hoffman (1973β74)
- Stanley Kunitz (1974β76)
- Robert Hayden (1976β78)
- William Meredith (1978β80)
- Maxine Kumin (1981β82)
- Anthony Hecht (1982β84)
- Robert Fitzgerald (1984β85)
- Reed Whittemore (1984β85)
- Gwendolyn Brooks (1985β86)
- Robert Penn Warren (1986β87)
- Richard Wilbur (1987β88)
- Howard Nemerov (1988β90)
- Mark Strand (1990β91)
- Joseph Brodsky (1991β92)
- Mona Van Duyn (1992β93)
- Rita Dove (1993β95)
- Robert Hass (1995β97)
- Robert Pinsky (1997β2000)
- W.S. Merwin (1999β2000; Special Bicentennial Consultant)
- Louise GlΓΌck (1999β2000; Special Bicentennial Consultant)
- Rita Dove (1999β2000; Special Bicentennial Consultant)
- Stanley Kunitz (2000β01)
- Billy Collins (2001β03)
- Louise GlΓΌck (2003β04)
- Ted Kooser (2004β06)
- Donald Hall (2006β07)
- Charles Simic (2007β08)
- Kay Ryan (2008β10)
- W.S. Merwin (2010β11)
- Philip Levine (2011β12)
- Natasha Trethewey (2012β14)
- Charles Wright (2014β15)
- Juan Felipe Herrera (2015β17)
- Tracy K. Smith (2017β19)
- Joy Harjo (2019β22)
- Ada LimΓ³n (2022β25)
- Arthur Sze (2025β )


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