Futurism

Introduction
Painting and sculpture
Literature

References & Edit History Quick Facts & Related Topics

Images

Umberto Boccioni: Unique Forms of Continuity in Space

Luigi Russolo, Carlo Carra, Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Umberto Boccioni, and Gino Severini, founders of the Futurist Movement, stand side by side in coats and hats.

Giacomo Balla: Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash

At a Glance

Futurism summary

Related Questions

How did Antonio Sant’Elia’s architecture manifesto extend Futurist ideas beyond painting and poetry?
How did Cubism influence Italian Futurist painting?
How did Cubo-Futurism combine elements of Cubism and Futurism in Russian art?
How did Filippo Tommaso Marinetti explain the name Futurism?
How did Futurist artists represent speed and movement in their work?
How did Futurist paintings differ from Cubist paintings?
How did Futurist performers break the fourth wall during theatre presentations?
How did Futurist poets use infinitive verbs and mathematical symbols?
How did Futurist theatre try to shock bourgeois audiences?
How did Futurist typography depict trains, automobiles, airplanes, and explosions?
How did Giacomo Balla show motion in Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash?
How did Giacomo Balla’s style differ from that of many other Futurist artists?
How did Gino Severini’s Danza serpentina blur the boundary between visual art and literature?
How did Italian Futurism influence Expressionism, Vorticism, and Dada?
How did Italian Futurist writers change the rules of poetry?
How did Marinetti’s 1913 manifesto propose changing literary language?
How did Russian Futurism differ from Italian Futurism?
How did Russian Futurist writers use folk culture and archaic language roots?
How did Umberto Boccioni apply Futurist ideas to sculpture?
How did Umberto Boccioni become a leading theorist of Futurist art?
How did onomatopoeia help Futurist poems convey the sounds of war and machines?
How did photography influence Giacomo Balla’s Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash?
How did Étienne-Jules Marey and Eadweard Muybridge influence Futurist art?
How does Development of a Bottle in Space portray a bottle differently from traditional sculpture?
How does Umberto Boccioni’s The City Rises represent movement and dynamism?
How does Unique Forms of Continuity in Space show a figure moving through space?
How was Futurism connected to Fascism in Italy?
How were Futurist evenings, leaflets, poster poems, and journals used to spread Futurist ideas?
What does simultaneity mean in Giacomo Balla’s Futurist paintings?
What ideas about modern life are expressed in Giacomo Balla’s The Street Light—Study of Light?
What was zaum, the transrational language developed by Velimir Khlebnikov and Alexey Kruchenykh?
What were designed analogies and dipinti paroliberi in Italian Futurist literature?
What were the main features of parole in libertà, or words-in-freedom poetry?
When and where was Filippo Tommaso Marinetti’s Futurist manifesto published?
Which Italian painters signed Futurist painting manifestos in 1910?
Which poets were known for important Futurist typographical experiments?
Which subjects were commonly depicted in Italian Futurist paintings?
Which traditional cultural institutions did Marinetti’s 1909 Futurist manifesto attack?
Which unconventional materials did Umberto Boccioni propose for Futurist sculpture?
Why did Futurist painters use fragmented and intersecting planes?
Why did Futurist poets reject conventional syntax, spelling, and linear typography?
Why did Marinetti and other Italian Futurists support Italy’s involvement in World War I?
Why did Marinetti’s Futurist manifesto praise automobiles?
Is “Vande Mataram” the national song of India?
What is Lyrical Ballads?
Who are the authors of Lyrical Ballads?
Why is Lyrical Ballads significant?
What inspired Percy Bysshe Shelley to write “Ozymandias”?
What does “Ozymandias” mean?
What is the irony of the poem “Ozymandias”?
What is The Waste Land by T.S. Eliot?
How was The Waste Land received upon publication?
What are some famous lines in The Waste Land?

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External Websites

Education Resources Information Center - The Relationship of Futurism Dynamism and Today's Technology (PDF)
Smarthistory - Italian Futurism, an introduction
Guggenheim - Futurism
Colorado Community College SystemÂ’s Open Textbook - Modern Civilizations - Futurism and the mechanical style
Art in Context - Futurism - Looking Back at the Futurism Art Movement
Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine - Futurism
Campus Manitoba PressbooksEDU Network - Artistic Literacies: Creative and Imaginative Learning in a Global Era - The Futurist Movement in Art: Selected Images and Connected Texts
Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism - Futurism
BBC - Arts and Ideas - Futurism
Academy of American Poets - A Brief Guide to Futurism
The Art Story - Futurism
Open Library Publishing Platform - Origins of Contemporary Art, Design, and Interiors - Futurism

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Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.

futurism - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)

Futurism

the arts

Also known as: Futurismo, Futurizm

Written by

John James White

Professor of German and Comparative Literature, King's College, University of London. Author of Literary Futurism: Aspects of the Avant-Garde and others.

John James White

Fact-checked by

Britannica Editors

Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree....

Britannica Editors

History

Futurism, early 20th-century artistic movement centered in Italy that emphasized the dynamism, speed, energy, and power of the machine and the vitality, change, and restlessness of modern life. During the second decade of the 20th century, the movement’s influence radiated outward across most of Europe, especially to the Russian avant-garde. The most-significant results of the movement were in the visual arts and poetry. Futurism was first announced on February 20, 1909, when the Paris newspaper...

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