How did Cubism influence Italian Futurist painting?

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Umberto Boccioni: Unique Forms of Continuity in Space — Futurism *Unique Forms of Continuity in Space*, bronze sculpture by Umberto Boccioni, 1913; in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City.

Italian Futurist painters adopted specific technical elements from Cubism to help them visually represent the modern experience of speed and change. Specifically, they utilized the Cubist technique of employing fragmented and intersecting plane surfaces, as well as outlines, to display multiple simultaneous views of an object.1

However, the Futurists adapted these methods to serve their own unique goals. While Cubists typically focused on still life and portraiture, Futurists applied these fragmented planes to subjects like racing cyclists, speeding trains, and urban crowds to capture the sensation of movement. To further emphasize this dynamism, they incorporated rhythmic spatial repetitions of an object’s outlines, creating an effect similar to multiple photographic exposures of a moving subject. Additionally, Futurist works are distinguished from Cubist paintings by their more vibrant color palettes and compositions that emphasize swirling, agitated forms and violent movement.1