systems analysis

Systems analysis is the process of studying an activity, such as a business or procedure, using mathematical methods to define its goals and discover the most efficient ways to achieve them. This often involves creating a mathematical model, which uses equations, tables, or curves to quantitatively describe how different parts of a system interact.12

These models help in understanding complex systems and can be used for optimization studies, known as trade-offs. These studies determine the most economical way to achieve a desired result or assess if a goal is realistic. Mathematical programming, a related tool, uses mathematical equations to describe management operations and is applied in areas like production planning, transportation, and economic growth calculations. While systems analysis originated in fields like military and space systems, its principles are increasingly applied to government and social problems, though challenges remain in adapting these methods to complex socioeconomic issues.234