shi

…ruler’s court as ministers; the shi (roughly translated as “gentlemen”) who served at the households of the feudal lords as stewards, sheriffs, or simply warriors; and, finally, the commoners and enslaved people. The state ruler and the ministers were clearly a superior class, and the commoners and enslaved people were…

…Chunqiu, composed of the former shi class and the descendants of the old nobility. The members of this class were distinguished by being educated, either in the literary tradition or in the military arts. The shi provided the administrators, teachers, and intellectual leaders of the new society. The philosophers Confucius…