settlement movement

American social-welfare movement

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July 17, 2026

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The social settlement movement began in London in 1884 with the founding of Toynbee Hall. It is a neighborhood social welfare agency focused on improving an entire neighborhood rather than providing isolated services. Staff work with individuals, families, and groups, offering counseling, home visits, and sponsoring various activities. When specialized help is needed, professionals like caseworkers or psychologists may be employed.1

The movement spread to the United States in 1886 with the establishment of Neighborhood Guild in New York City. Notable American settlements include Hull House in Chicago, founded by Jane Addams in 1889. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, these settlements were instrumental in advocating for reforms such as juvenile courts, mothers' pensions, and regulations on child labor. Settlement houses today continue to promote community welfare, often embracing cultural diversity while offering educational, recreational, and health services.12

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The settlement movement
Both Burchenal and Hinman participated in the settlement movement (see social settlement), an idealistic social-welfare movement begun in the late 19th century. In the larger U.S. cities of the early 20th century, neighbourhood institutions called settlement houses fostered the health of urban neighbourhoods…
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Both Burchenal and Hinman participated in the settlement movement (see social settlement), an idealistic social-welfare movement begun in the late 19th century. In the larger U.S. cities of the early 20th century, neighbourhood institutions called settlement houses fostered the health of urban neighbourhoods…
Read More