propitiation

Propitiation in religion refers to the act of appeasing or gaining the favor of a deity or supernatural power, often through offerings or sacrifices. This is typically done to lessen anger or agitation, especially during times of misfortune such as illness, drought, or pestilence. Such calamities are often seen as consequences of offenses against the sacred order.123

Sacrifices are made to wipe out these offenses, or at least neutralize their effects, thereby restoring a beneficial relationship with the divine. In some traditions, like ancient Judaism, specific offerings like the sin offering were used for expiation, where the guilty would identify with a sacrificial animal to purify themselves and re-establish their bond with God. The ultimate goal is to make the sacred power present and efficacious, ensuring a positive connection with the divine.3